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let's start off maybe by talking about

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early stacks and how was it begun well

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it was begun by my brother and myself

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just getting given here I heard a record

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that he had done on a home tape recorder

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and I thought the record was pretty good

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it was a country record and it was done

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I can't

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got him buyers who was a disc jockey and

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it was called blue roses so I heard it

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on my little two-bit record player and I

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thought it was good but my brother

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informant they didn't have any money

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among the whole group that had organized

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this and they need an investor well I

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didn't know too much about the music

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business even though in my earlier years

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I played the organ and piano for church

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and we had a quartet with my sister and

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my father and my uncle and we worked

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around in all the churches and went to

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the scene conventions and things like

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this but anyway I was working at the

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bank at the time and I wanted to get

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into something that I felt like had a

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future not the banking business doesn't

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have a future but I wanted to get into

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something on my own

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so I let it turn over in my mind two or

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three days I heard heard this little

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record he had and so I went to him and I

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said well I don't have anything to

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invest in uh except I've got a lot of

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equity in my house I've had since 1940

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and this happened to be in 1958 so I did

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have quite a bit back in the house and I

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could go get a second mortgage on it and

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he said all he needed was $2,500 to buy

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an amp extra quarter the one track when

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I thought well maybe I can get $2,500 by

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the second mortgage on my house so I did

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so we got that amp extra quarter and

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took it out on Archie Street and set it

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in a garage with that machine a set of

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drums and a piano in a garage there

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wasn't much room for any more musicians

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so they almost were hanging out the

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window when we

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did recording and everything had quite a

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bit of echo on it after we had taken it

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to a place to put echo on everything it

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kind of run together didn't work out too

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well and that was the beginning and we

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only stayed there in short time then my

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brother had a barber who had a daughter

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that her father felt like was talented

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and in order to get her recorded he

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offered us a big store building in

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Brunswick and that's how we moved out to

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Brunswick Tennessee that proved to be

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not too convenient because about 30

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miles out and besides there you had to

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take the talent from in town out there

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so it didn't work out too well so in

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1960 we thought we better come back to

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town for the telephones and at that

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particular time theatres were going out

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of business in fact they'd already gone

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out of business no one's going to the

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movies because television had taken over

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morning so we started looking for a

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theater we thought they'd be a good

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sound place and our equipment we could

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set up and it would work out

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searching around we found a place on

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Mackinac Street the old Capitol Theater

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building which we could rent for $100 a

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month and so after we got in there took

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all the seats out we said man this is a

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big place so we put a petition right

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down through the middle of it which I

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think it's still there and I had made

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rapes to kind of insulate the walls out

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of Brunswick so we come back and hung

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those drapes up above the petition

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because it's pretty hard to build a

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petition to go all the way to the

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ceiling and a theater so the drapes kind

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of Sam made a sound barrier we did it

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all ourselves

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put down the rug and put in piece by

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piece the insulation we thought we

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needed in this half of capital theory

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in the front we had in all those

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theatres sort of a candy shop so I

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decided I was gonna sell records in the

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little hole in the wall in the candy

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place I began to get together just a few

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records at a time I'm still working at

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the bank and I would sell records take

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orders and go get the records and sell

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them and all the profit I'm making

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selling these records I would put it

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into stock so eventually I had built my

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stock up to some twenty thousand dollars

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and expanded the shop from the candy

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store into what was a barber shop right

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next door that went out of business

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so I opened the wall up and made quite a

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large show record shop and it became

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quite an asset to the company in later

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years because we could test our records

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in this record shop but in the meantime

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we had had some more money when we moved

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back in there and so what can I do now I

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went to everyone I could think of I said

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we'll give you 1/3 of the company for

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$4,000 well I couldn't convince anybody

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that the record business was anything in

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City Memphis that it would never happen

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here no one believed in music especially

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the recording industry so then I said

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well my only alternative then is to

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start all over with my house and I can

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get $4,000 so I'll just start all over

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with the two mortgages and start paying

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the house off again by getting another

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loan for $4,000 so I went to lead a

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federal and that's what I did so for

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$6,500 Stax was that was investment the

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first record we did we brought in Rufus

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Thomas from WDIA

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Sharkey and his daughter also was a

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singer and she was on about 15 at the

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time they did a song together called

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cause I love you and when we got it on

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the market it started happening start

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selling and it broke out down in Atlanta

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Georgia

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Soulja parent 25,000 copies and Atlantic

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Records of course all majors are

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interested in picking up master when it

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starts selling they know it has public

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appeal and so they approached asked us

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if he would lease the record to them and

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they would put it on a CO Records which

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was their pop label at the time so we

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did and we got $1,000 for that for

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leasing it to him and that was the

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biggest thousand dollars we had ever

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seen because it was something the

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company had made so we took that

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thousand dollars and we cut a record

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called gee whiz by Karla we discovered

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that at the time they cut because I love

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you she went down to the piano and she

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picked out this little number and

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started singing gee whiz and we thought

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it was a great number so we immediately

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took that thousand dollars and made the

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record gee whiz which went on now had

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sold me but then of course we were still

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tied to Atlantic sort of and they said

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hey we'd like to have that number and

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we'll put it on Atlantic so they did

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released that one took money then things

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began to happen because when that record

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started selling they took another look

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at us and said hey I think we'd like to

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distribute your label seems that you

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have found some talent and you know how

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to do all the things that the music

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industry needs and that's how we got

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started and from there they started

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distributing the our label owner our

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label and that particular time it was

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known as satellite if you recall

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satellites were very popular at that

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time

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how we settled on the name satellite I

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called the record shop the satellite

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record shop well that didn't bothers too

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much just being local in the record shop

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but we came along with a great

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instrumental call last night by the

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marquees and it got so big a company in

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California said hey we had a satellite

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label before you did and I think we'll

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sue you

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well we had gone a little further than

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that we were going to have a subsidiary

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label of satellite and we were gonna

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call it stacks which was the first two

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letters and my brother's name Stuart and

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ax for Axton and it made a pretty good

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logo you could stack up a pile of

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records and it turned out to be quite a

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nice little logo on the record and so we

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just dropped the name satellite and that

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was that double-oh-seven

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started out with number one and this was

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at number seven so we've been pretty

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good

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we felt putting out seven records and

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here we'd come up with cause I love you

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on that Kool G was on Atlantic and now

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this thing and in the meantime in

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between that we had one call you don't

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miss your water till the well runs dry

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but William Bell that was so long just

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before last night brother marques so we

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were beginning to be pretty successful

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with the number of Records we were

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putting out and they began to catch on

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who was producing it this time uh my

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brother Jim Stewart and chips Moman

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neither one of them have any prior

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experience or did they just grow into it

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well my brother had always be always

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been interested in music he had had a

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guitar since he was a little boy and I

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used to tease him about the violin when

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he learned to play the violin first he

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was playing fiddle with a country band

225
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and they were on radio every morning and

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then he went to college and learned how

227
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to really handle that fiddle and it

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became the violin so

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I don't know whether he wants to be

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called a violinist or fiddler but anyway

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he was very musically inclined to begin

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with learned to me read music and when

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you learn to play a violin I think you

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have a real good ear valley and it's

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something about that instrument that

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your ear is perfect as far as tones

237
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concerned and of course chips had been

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messing around the music industry for

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years and years playing in bands and so

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he was with us at that particular time

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and later left and and Steve cropper

242
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then came in and who was a member of

243
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marquees and became a producer they just

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walked in it's a usual thing now the

245
00:12:01,250 --> 00:12:05,920
marquees were an in-house group that

246
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loved to play around in the studio and

247
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work up different things and actually

248
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the Marquis was you might say the

249
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background musicians for the vocals that

250
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we had previous to this so they just

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worked up a little number called last

252
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night and and it was commercial because

253
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we made a dub of the tape and put it on

254
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radio and from the very day it was

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played on radio people were in the shop

256
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trying to bite and that's the reason I

257
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say the shop was an asset to the company

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we could more or less tell whether a

259
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record had the possibility of selling

260
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before we would even get it on the

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market well that's at that time the

262
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radio stations cooperated with the

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record companies and what helped them

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get records going well I think like to

265
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play around on the piano and he also

266
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played some of the horns he had learned

267
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that in school but the studio was a

268
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place for them to hang out in and be

269
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around when music was being recorded

270
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so they started out and uh David was

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just he was working in a grocery store

272
00:13:25,839 --> 00:13:32,439
down about half block from us he used to

273
00:13:29,889 --> 00:13:35,049
come in to the shop and we would discuss

274
00:13:32,439 --> 00:13:36,939
songs and what have you and I would

275
00:13:35,049 --> 00:13:40,599
claim records and gave him suggestions

276
00:13:36,939 --> 00:13:43,659
and at first he'd have about three pages

277
00:13:40,599 --> 00:13:45,159
of lyrics you know and I said David you

278
00:13:43,659 --> 00:13:47,199
can't put that me lyrics in there you

279
00:13:45,159 --> 00:13:49,869
said the same thing several times now

280
00:13:47,199 --> 00:13:52,329
condense it so he'd go back and he'd

281
00:13:49,869 --> 00:13:55,869
work on it he bring it in and he still

282
00:13:52,329 --> 00:13:59,049
wouldn't get it down to what it should

283
00:13:55,869 --> 00:14:02,589
be for a song so I kept working with him

284
00:13:59,049 --> 00:14:03,909
patients a good thing to have and just

285
00:14:02,589 --> 00:14:06,639
keep on working with these people you

286
00:14:03,909 --> 00:14:08,109
think they have talent and he and Isaac

287
00:14:06,639 --> 00:14:11,229
just kind of fit together

288
00:14:08,109 --> 00:14:14,319
Isaac knew how to write music and David

289
00:14:11,229 --> 00:14:16,479
was good with lyrics and with the talent

290
00:14:14,319 --> 00:14:19,419
we had coming in they began to work with

291
00:14:16,479 --> 00:14:21,959
the talent and so they became great

292
00:14:19,419 --> 00:14:28,179
writers before either of them became

293
00:14:21,959 --> 00:14:32,469
artists well it was fun and it was work

294
00:14:28,179 --> 00:14:34,809
but you know work ceases to be work when

295
00:14:32,469 --> 00:14:40,419
you enjoy it and that's what they were

296
00:14:34,809 --> 00:14:44,679
doing and I always like to remember Otis

297
00:14:40,419 --> 00:14:46,779
Redding who came in on a bus was a bus

298
00:14:44,679 --> 00:14:48,939
driver for a group called the pint

299
00:14:46,779 --> 00:14:50,439
hoppers the instrumental group that we

300
00:14:48,939 --> 00:14:54,309
were going to listen to they had an

301
00:14:50,439 --> 00:14:56,289
appointment came into the studio and so

302
00:14:54,309 --> 00:14:57,849
while they were there and we listened to

303
00:14:56,289 --> 00:14:59,409
the instrumental group C instrumental

304
00:14:57,849 --> 00:15:01,599
groups begin to come in act we had last

305
00:14:59,409 --> 00:15:03,579
night and then Booker T and the MGS who

306
00:15:01,599 --> 00:15:05,949
also were in studio musicians did green

307
00:15:03,579 --> 00:15:09,369
onions then we had a lot of these

308
00:15:05,949 --> 00:15:11,709
instrumental groups that come in well

309
00:15:09,369 --> 00:15:13,569
Otis was the driver for them the day

310
00:15:11,709 --> 00:15:16,539
they came in and while they were there

311
00:15:13,569 --> 00:15:18,879
just before they left they one of the

312
00:15:16,539 --> 00:15:22,139
guys said hey we got a guy like for you

313
00:15:18,879 --> 00:15:26,889
to hear his voice and so they brought

314
00:15:22,139 --> 00:15:30,009
Otis in and he put down a song on tape

315
00:15:26,889 --> 00:15:31,960
and we recognized the fact that he sound

316
00:15:30,009 --> 00:15:35,260
a little bit like Little Richard

317
00:15:31,960 --> 00:15:36,700
we knew he had talent and you can always

318
00:15:35,260 --> 00:15:39,100
change that style if you've got the

319
00:15:36,700 --> 00:15:40,690
talent to work with and that's how we

320
00:15:39,100 --> 00:15:44,320
discovered him he just came in as a bus

321
00:15:40,690 --> 00:15:47,350
driver from the pine towers and just a

322
00:15:44,320 --> 00:15:49,210
lot of things happen you wonder why they

323
00:15:47,350 --> 00:15:51,550
happen and how they happen but they just

324
00:15:49,210 --> 00:15:53,940
did when you have a studio and at that

325
00:15:51,550 --> 00:15:56,590
particular time the door was open

326
00:15:53,940 --> 00:16:01,740
could could this type thing happened

327
00:15:56,590 --> 00:16:05,680
today no I think it can happen today I

328
00:16:01,740 --> 00:16:08,290
try to keep with our company now I try

329
00:16:05,680 --> 00:16:12,100
to keep an open door policy as many

330
00:16:08,290 --> 00:16:14,710
people as I can see and basically a lot

331
00:16:12,100 --> 00:16:17,620
of our people who come in all the needs

332
00:16:14,710 --> 00:16:20,590
encouragement and if you see just a

333
00:16:17,620 --> 00:16:23,290
little bit of talent in a person I think

334
00:16:20,590 --> 00:16:26,530
encouragement is all they need and if

335
00:16:23,290 --> 00:16:30,490
they have something that oh just a

336
00:16:26,530 --> 00:16:33,160
halfway good idea say take it and work

337
00:16:30,490 --> 00:16:35,800
on it and I listen to it again I think

338
00:16:33,160 --> 00:16:38,470
that encourages people was this the

339
00:16:35,800 --> 00:16:41,140
reason that Saks tax was so successful

340
00:16:38,470 --> 00:16:43,480
at that point yes I think so

341
00:16:41,140 --> 00:16:46,600
they were willing to listen and at that

342
00:16:43,480 --> 00:16:48,190
time they had more time to listen then

343
00:16:46,600 --> 00:16:53,050
of course after they got into production

344
00:16:48,190 --> 00:16:56,110
of albums and what-have-you work came

345
00:16:53,050 --> 00:16:59,320
first and no one had as much time to

346
00:16:56,110 --> 00:17:02,310
interview and listen and even though the

347
00:16:59,320 --> 00:17:04,810
number of employees were increasing I

348
00:17:02,310 --> 00:17:07,240
don't think the time was there there's

349
00:17:04,810 --> 00:17:15,970
not enough hours in the day to listen as

350
00:17:07,240 --> 00:17:20,470
much as in our early days Carla Thomas

351
00:17:15,970 --> 00:17:22,330
said she made several quotes like the

352
00:17:20,470 --> 00:17:25,089
record companies have business

353
00:17:22,330 --> 00:17:28,209
themselves out of business they've tied

354
00:17:25,089 --> 00:17:30,850
they're tied to old ideas and there's

355
00:17:28,209 --> 00:17:32,680
less of the personal touch than when I

356
00:17:30,850 --> 00:17:35,920
first started I'd be interested in your

357
00:17:32,680 --> 00:17:37,690
reaction I think that's what she was

358
00:17:35,920 --> 00:17:41,470
referring to just what I said

359
00:17:37,690 --> 00:17:43,450
business gets so big that they're on a

360
00:17:41,470 --> 00:17:44,880
24 hours of the day you don't have the

361
00:17:43,450 --> 00:17:48,030
personnel are the

362
00:17:44,880 --> 00:17:51,810
and to have that open door policy and to

363
00:17:48,030 --> 00:17:56,280
have that personal touch that you had

364
00:17:51,810 --> 00:18:00,330
when you begin but we were putting in 16

365
00:17:56,280 --> 00:18:03,030
hours a day then it isn't a eight hour

366
00:18:00,330 --> 00:18:06,960
day job you're always searching for

367
00:18:03,030 --> 00:18:08,850
talent you go into the clubs and you'll

368
00:18:06,960 --> 00:18:11,640
see something new something fresh and

369
00:18:08,850 --> 00:18:15,380
different and that's how you find you

370
00:18:11,640 --> 00:18:15,380
tell them more than you used to

371
00:18:20,730 --> 00:18:28,710
well I think we were doing just fine up

372
00:18:24,660 --> 00:18:32,430
until around 66 or 67 then it began to

373
00:18:28,710 --> 00:18:35,880
be too big to get the personal touch

374
00:18:32,430 --> 00:18:38,130
that I had always liked I like that

375
00:18:35,880 --> 00:18:42,330
closeness thing though knowing their

376
00:18:38,130 --> 00:18:44,400
artists and associating with them and so

377
00:18:42,330 --> 00:18:46,830
I just became more or less a person to

378
00:18:44,400 --> 00:18:49,380
listen to their problems rather than

379
00:18:46,830 --> 00:18:51,240
being able to get in there with them

380
00:18:49,380 --> 00:18:52,910
and I was a songwriter - I happen to

381
00:18:51,240 --> 00:19:00,570
have a song on one of the groups that

382
00:18:52,910 --> 00:19:03,500
Stax had I laugh now when I get my BMI

383
00:19:00,570 --> 00:19:07,080
check after 15 years you think that

384
00:19:03,500 --> 00:19:09,510
about 11 years I guess it was

385
00:19:07,080 --> 00:19:13,650
I want someone by a group called the mad

386
00:19:09,510 --> 00:19:15,210
lads I had groomed this little group you

387
00:19:13,650 --> 00:19:17,040
know and they'd hung around the record

388
00:19:15,210 --> 00:19:17,580
shop some of them work for me in the

389
00:19:17,040 --> 00:19:20,190
shop

390
00:19:17,580 --> 00:19:23,700
and that was beautifier managed you feel

391
00:19:20,190 --> 00:19:25,190
so close to them and you could talk to

392
00:19:23,700 --> 00:19:27,630
him while they were working there they

393
00:19:25,190 --> 00:19:29,850
listen to this record now what do you

394
00:19:27,630 --> 00:19:32,100
think is selling this record we would

395
00:19:29,850 --> 00:19:34,860
analyze the records that were selling of

396
00:19:32,100 --> 00:19:37,170
other labels which was an advantage you

397
00:19:34,860 --> 00:19:40,560
knew what ingredient was in that record

398
00:19:37,170 --> 00:19:44,580
that made it sell i said now that's a

399
00:19:40,560 --> 00:19:46,590
lesson remember it and so we groomed

400
00:19:44,580 --> 00:19:49,950
those kids from oh they wouldn't be but

401
00:19:46,590 --> 00:19:51,690
16 17 years old still in high school but

402
00:19:49,950 --> 00:19:55,050
they love to hang around a studio and

403
00:19:51,690 --> 00:19:57,490
we'll out it and that's how we came up

404
00:19:55,050 --> 00:19:59,679
with new things new sounds

405
00:19:57,490 --> 00:20:03,039
because you had a fresh mind to work

406
00:19:59,679 --> 00:20:08,649
with what was your role at Stax I was

407
00:20:03,039 --> 00:20:11,620
vice president not much of anything

408
00:20:08,649 --> 00:20:13,360
except being in administer say with the

409
00:20:11,620 --> 00:20:16,720
music and of course we'd listen to

410
00:20:13,360 --> 00:20:18,789
things and decide on them and but the

411
00:20:16,720 --> 00:20:21,640
shop really had more of my time than

412
00:20:18,789 --> 00:20:25,620
anything else but as I said that was an

413
00:20:21,640 --> 00:20:29,169
important part of the business not a day

414
00:20:25,620 --> 00:20:32,590
passed that one of the musicians went up

415
00:20:29,169 --> 00:20:38,130
listening to things and we would discuss

416
00:20:32,590 --> 00:20:40,620
things so I think I had a part in maybe

417
00:20:38,130 --> 00:20:42,460
grooming a lot of those kids and

418
00:20:40,620 --> 00:20:51,029
suggesting a lot of things that they did

419
00:20:42,460 --> 00:20:54,429
use made things happen more or less

420
00:20:51,029 --> 00:20:57,370
because we didn't have any blues singers

421
00:20:54,429 --> 00:21:01,630
in the company and I knew that blues

422
00:20:57,370 --> 00:21:04,149
would sell I mean real blues so it just

423
00:21:01,630 --> 00:21:06,850
so happened I was selling some Albert

424
00:21:04,149 --> 00:21:10,659
King on another label now I believe it

425
00:21:06,850 --> 00:21:13,600
was bobbin label out of st. Louis just a

426
00:21:10,659 --> 00:21:16,960
small label and I knew he had the talent

427
00:21:13,600 --> 00:21:18,669
to sell on a major label so he just

428
00:21:16,960 --> 00:21:22,630
happened to come in to the studio in

429
00:21:18,669 --> 00:21:25,270
Memphis one day and just so happened

430
00:21:22,630 --> 00:21:29,169
that there was a songwriter that had

431
00:21:25,270 --> 00:21:32,110
been in and out from Indianapolis and he

432
00:21:29,169 --> 00:21:35,169
had a song called laundromat blues well

433
00:21:32,110 --> 00:21:38,080
I could think of Albert King doing a

434
00:21:35,169 --> 00:21:39,549
song like launderette blues and sure

435
00:21:38,080 --> 00:21:41,529
enough I talked to Jimmy into let's

436
00:21:39,549 --> 00:21:44,740
let's do a blues number let's just try

437
00:21:41,529 --> 00:21:47,049
it you know this is something we haven't

438
00:21:44,740 --> 00:21:48,909
been used to we haven't done anything in

439
00:21:47,049 --> 00:21:53,380
this particular field but we know to

440
00:21:48,909 --> 00:21:56,679
sell so we put those two together and

441
00:21:53,380 --> 00:22:00,010
sure enough it made a career for Albert

442
00:21:56,679 --> 00:22:02,919
King which was another another type of

443
00:22:00,010 --> 00:22:05,289
music you know the real deep blues and

444
00:22:02,919 --> 00:22:06,809
he went on to be recognized all over the

445
00:22:05,289 --> 00:22:09,630
world

446
00:22:06,809 --> 00:22:13,690
why did you leave thanks

447
00:22:09,630 --> 00:22:16,390
it got too big it got too big and I had

448
00:22:13,690 --> 00:22:20,080
not as much voice as I would like to

449
00:22:16,390 --> 00:22:23,320
have and I said hey just let me get on

450
00:22:20,080 --> 00:22:25,570
out I'll go try something else and so

451
00:22:23,320 --> 00:22:27,730
that's what I did I tried it but I

452
00:22:25,570 --> 00:22:30,250
didn't like it so now I've gotten rid of

453
00:22:27,730 --> 00:22:34,240
that that was being an apartment complex

454
00:22:30,250 --> 00:22:36,190
I bought her an apartment complex and it

455
00:22:34,240 --> 00:22:38,919
didn't keep me busy enough plus it

456
00:22:36,190 --> 00:22:43,299
wasn't in the field I liked I liked the

457
00:22:38,919 --> 00:22:46,510
excitement I like the creativity that's

458
00:22:43,299 --> 00:22:48,510
in the music business and there's never

459
00:22:46,510 --> 00:22:50,830
a day that's a lot

460
00:22:48,510 --> 00:22:52,210
they start out interesting and they end

461
00:22:50,830 --> 00:22:53,940
up that way no matter how tired you are

462
00:22:52,210 --> 00:23:01,000
at the end of the day they're still

463
00:22:53,940 --> 00:23:03,549
interesting was there any tension

464
00:23:01,000 --> 00:23:06,370
between you and your brother just the

465
00:23:03,549 --> 00:23:09,100
fact that you didn't feel you had enough

466
00:23:06,370 --> 00:23:13,210
control not particularly

467
00:23:09,100 --> 00:23:14,679
we got a long time we still do and I'm

468
00:23:13,210 --> 00:23:16,960
just sorry to see stacks in the

469
00:23:14,679 --> 00:23:18,610
conditions thin and and I'm praying and

470
00:23:16,960 --> 00:23:21,730
hoping that it'll be back because we

471
00:23:18,610 --> 00:23:28,059
need them the image of that company

472
00:23:21,730 --> 00:23:30,940
Memphis needs in the world needs that is

473
00:23:28,059 --> 00:23:34,330
hard for me to say because I was not

474
00:23:30,940 --> 00:23:38,350
there at the time it all happened so

475
00:23:34,330 --> 00:23:41,470
it's hard for me to say I was not in

476
00:23:38,350 --> 00:23:44,860
that close contact with them as far as a

477
00:23:41,470 --> 00:23:48,309
working work ability of the company at

478
00:23:44,860 --> 00:23:51,760
the time it happened so it would be hard

479
00:23:48,309 --> 00:23:55,210
for me to analyze that and say just what

480
00:23:51,760 --> 00:23:57,070
happened but I hope they can learn the

481
00:23:55,210 --> 00:24:00,179
problems that because we need them in

482
00:23:57,070 --> 00:24:00,179
the music industry in Memphis

483
00:24:07,200 --> 00:24:09,260
you

484
00:24:17,530 --> 00:24:22,000
you left your notes okay yeah

485
00:24:23,320 --> 00:24:30,940
um you came back to the business you've

486
00:24:28,240 --> 00:24:35,740
already told me because nothing else was

487
00:24:30,940 --> 00:24:38,230
as interesting as this was did you do

488
00:24:35,740 --> 00:24:42,160
anything besides the apartment complex

489
00:24:38,230 --> 00:24:43,660
in the interim no that was all I had

490
00:24:42,160 --> 00:24:47,170
time for if you take care of an

491
00:24:43,660 --> 00:24:50,410
apartment house 32 units so keeping them

492
00:24:47,170 --> 00:24:52,360
all rented and keeping the all the

493
00:24:50,410 --> 00:24:56,710
things that have to be done around an

494
00:24:52,360 --> 00:24:59,410
apartment house it's uh it's fine but

495
00:24:56,710 --> 00:25:04,320
he's boring I had too much time on my

496
00:24:59,410 --> 00:25:06,700
hands and see I had a five-year contract

497
00:25:04,320 --> 00:25:07,390
that I couldn't get back into the music

498
00:25:06,700 --> 00:25:10,780
business

499
00:25:07,390 --> 00:25:11,590
once I got out of stacks I had to wait

500
00:25:10,780 --> 00:25:16,090
five years

501
00:25:11,590 --> 00:25:18,700
it's non-competitive contract no no I

502
00:25:16,090 --> 00:25:22,720
think that goes with most any business

503
00:25:18,700 --> 00:25:24,160
once a partner leaves a business he has

504
00:25:22,720 --> 00:25:26,740
to stay out of certain length of time

505
00:25:24,160 --> 00:25:29,800
well see I had a salary was going on all

506
00:25:26,740 --> 00:25:31,780
that time - that was in the contract

507
00:25:29,800 --> 00:25:36,130
also I was staying home and on salaries

508
00:25:31,780 --> 00:25:40,570
and stuff but there again I needed

509
00:25:36,130 --> 00:25:42,400
something to do in my spare time and the

510
00:25:40,570 --> 00:25:45,010
music industry was still in the back of

511
00:25:42,400 --> 00:25:47,140
my mind I've just got to get back into

512
00:25:45,010 --> 00:25:49,720
it some way or other

513
00:25:47,140 --> 00:25:50,980
well I when I got back into it I thought

514
00:25:49,720 --> 00:25:53,170
well I'll just get into the publishing

515
00:25:50,980 --> 00:25:55,630
part of it you know just to open an

516
00:25:53,170 --> 00:25:57,400
publishing company well that didn't work

517
00:25:55,630 --> 00:26:00,880
too well because you almost have to have

518
00:25:57,400 --> 00:26:04,510
something you can transfer those sounds

519
00:26:00,880 --> 00:26:06,610
onto wax and so the only our attorney if

520
00:26:04,510 --> 00:26:08,710
I had was to get into the recording

521
00:26:06,610 --> 00:26:10,740
business as well as in the publishing

522
00:26:08,710 --> 00:26:14,440
business because they really go together

523
00:26:10,740 --> 00:26:16,020
and it's nothing for our publishing

524
00:26:14,440 --> 00:26:18,580
coming to be worth 10 million dollars

525
00:26:16,020 --> 00:26:21,730
but you have to have a record company

526
00:26:18,580 --> 00:26:23,320
that is helping that publishing company

527
00:26:21,730 --> 00:26:25,030
because you won't have the people bring

528
00:26:23,320 --> 00:26:31,090
your songs in unless they thinks it's

529
00:26:25,030 --> 00:26:32,580
activity going on around the place right

530
00:26:31,090 --> 00:26:36,700
uh-huh

531
00:26:32,580 --> 00:26:40,450
so it goes hand in hand how would you

532
00:26:36,700 --> 00:26:43,390
term what you're doing them is it you

533
00:26:40,450 --> 00:26:46,150
feel it's fairly successful yes I do I

534
00:26:43,390 --> 00:26:49,480
mean all types of music

535
00:26:46,150 --> 00:26:51,850
times have changed in that respect I

536
00:26:49,480 --> 00:26:53,920
think you had to be an all-round record

537
00:26:51,850 --> 00:26:57,820
company today rather just in one

538
00:26:53,920 --> 00:27:00,130
particular field if you recall Stax had

539
00:26:57,820 --> 00:27:04,980
gone into quite a bit of pop recording

540
00:27:00,130 --> 00:27:08,440
and even some country so today's people

541
00:27:04,980 --> 00:27:10,780
you almost have to go into a very wide

542
00:27:08,440 --> 00:27:13,270
range of music and it's been predicted

543
00:27:10,780 --> 00:27:15,520
that in five years there won't be a line

544
00:27:13,270 --> 00:27:17,380
drawn between any types of music you

545
00:27:15,520 --> 00:27:19,480
won't have country I mean labeled as

546
00:27:17,380 --> 00:27:21,580
such and you won't have pop and you

547
00:27:19,480 --> 00:27:24,970
won't ever in pink it'll all be labeled

548
00:27:21,580 --> 00:27:26,290
music and I see it today it's coming

549
00:27:24,970 --> 00:27:40,930
closer and closer together and

550
00:27:26,290 --> 00:27:44,230
everything somehow we have not convinced

551
00:27:40,930 --> 00:27:48,450
our people with money that music is

552
00:27:44,230 --> 00:27:53,460
important to the city as a business and

553
00:27:48,450 --> 00:27:57,250
in 1972 the Chamber of Commerce figures

554
00:27:53,460 --> 00:28:00,400
they have it down as two hundred and

555
00:27:57,250 --> 00:28:04,150
forty million dollars pass through our

556
00:28:00,400 --> 00:28:06,730
economy in the music business here and I

557
00:28:04,150 --> 00:28:09,550
don't understand why our Chamber of

558
00:28:06,730 --> 00:28:12,610
Commerce and their city fathers don't

559
00:28:09,550 --> 00:28:17,500
reach back and think of these figures

560
00:28:12,610 --> 00:28:20,710
and believe in us as an industry the

561
00:28:17,500 --> 00:28:23,380
world recognizes us but people in

562
00:28:20,710 --> 00:28:28,630
methods don't and I have to think that

563
00:28:23,380 --> 00:28:31,870
maybe our media doesn't educate the

564
00:28:28,630 --> 00:28:35,080
public enough to put the pressures you

565
00:28:31,870 --> 00:28:37,060
know the public can put pressures on the

566
00:28:35,080 --> 00:28:39,840
people in the bank some insurance

567
00:28:37,060 --> 00:28:43,510
companies take Nashville for instance a

568
00:28:39,840 --> 00:28:45,700
person in the music business any phase

569
00:28:43,510 --> 00:28:47,470
of it can go into any bank or insurance

570
00:28:45,700 --> 00:28:49,190
company in Nashville Tennessee if he's

571
00:28:47,470 --> 00:28:53,690
setting up a business there

572
00:28:49,190 --> 00:28:56,500
and he can borrow money in Memphis your

573
00:28:53,690 --> 00:28:58,640
banks don't believe in you know

574
00:28:56,500 --> 00:29:04,700
individuals with money don't believe in

575
00:28:58,640 --> 00:29:07,100
you and you have to have money so once

576
00:29:04,700 --> 00:29:10,460
the people in Memphis who have money to

577
00:29:07,100 --> 00:29:11,750
back us up get behind our industry it'll

578
00:29:10,460 --> 00:29:16,300
be just as big as it ever was

579
00:29:11,750 --> 00:29:18,830
can you not mortgage your house anymore

580
00:29:16,300 --> 00:29:20,390
well they would even question it yeah I

581
00:29:18,830 --> 00:29:22,880
think you'd have to put up two hundred

582
00:29:20,390 --> 00:29:25,340
thousand dollars worth of assets to

583
00:29:22,880 --> 00:29:28,940
borrow twenty thousand dollars which I

584
00:29:25,340 --> 00:29:31,340
don't think it's fair now you could take

585
00:29:28,940 --> 00:29:33,740
that same asset go out to bar it on some

586
00:29:31,340 --> 00:29:36,860
other business you want to start and you

587
00:29:33,740 --> 00:29:38,600
could probably get eighty percent on

588
00:29:36,860 --> 00:29:41,150
your asset but you tell them you're

589
00:29:38,600 --> 00:29:44,150
gonna put it in the music business no

590
00:29:41,150 --> 00:29:47,120
will interest whatsoever in other words

591
00:29:44,150 --> 00:29:51,530
there's just a basic distrust of the

592
00:29:47,120 --> 00:29:53,510
music industry right well they've been

593
00:29:51,530 --> 00:29:57,230
educated to believe that all music

594
00:29:53,510 --> 00:30:02,060
people are hippies and and people that

595
00:29:57,230 --> 00:30:05,030
are no good and their minds haven't been

596
00:30:02,060 --> 00:30:07,940
changed the public even looks at you

597
00:30:05,030 --> 00:30:13,910
that way if you're a musician you're

598
00:30:07,940 --> 00:30:15,740
nothing and so we have to educate them

599
00:30:13,910 --> 00:30:23,030
to believe that we are something and

600
00:30:15,740 --> 00:30:25,700
that we have a business difference here

601
00:30:23,030 --> 00:30:28,520
in Memphis in other words national music

602
00:30:25,700 --> 00:30:33,200
is white music a lot of Memphis music

603
00:30:28,520 --> 00:30:35,060
has been black the reason it shouldn't

604
00:30:33,200 --> 00:30:37,070
be not as many millions of dollars have

605
00:30:35,060 --> 00:30:40,340
been made here in the industry many

606
00:30:37,070 --> 00:30:44,570
homes and automobiles and things like

607
00:30:40,340 --> 00:30:47,450
that that have been purchased they don't

608
00:30:44,570 --> 00:30:52,250
seem to stop and think of how much money

609
00:30:47,450 --> 00:30:56,390
has come through this city and yet this

610
00:30:52,250 --> 00:30:59,420
is what I dislike any time they want

611
00:30:56,390 --> 00:31:00,999
something free they'll go to the

612
00:30:59,420 --> 00:31:03,680
musicians here

613
00:31:00,999 --> 00:31:06,869
that now this is the people in our city

614
00:31:03,680 --> 00:31:06,869
[Music]

615
00:31:33,420 --> 00:31:42,510
it always happens in the city want

616
00:31:38,050 --> 00:31:51,720
someone three like to go down and

617
00:31:42,510 --> 00:31:51,720
advertise them all go to never do

618
00:31:51,780 --> 00:32:01,660
anything I want

619
00:31:53,860 --> 00:32:08,220
he satiates to do nothing then the needs

620
00:32:01,660 --> 00:32:14,740
a secure good but when he attempts to go

621
00:32:08,220 --> 00:32:21,340
to something that's paid some money for

622
00:32:14,740 --> 00:32:27,790
each speech it there go out of town and

623
00:32:21,340 --> 00:32:31,780
get the town I say if they're good

624
00:32:27,790 --> 00:32:37,960
enough too tired for fine they're good

625
00:32:31,780 --> 00:32:41,740
enough to be paid for and that's why I

626
00:32:37,960 --> 00:32:48,850
say I musicians are not recognized for

627
00:32:41,740 --> 00:32:55,000
their talent and how is it that they're

628
00:32:48,850 --> 00:32:57,690
no good mattress and that's all

629
00:32:55,000 --> 00:33:25,050
[Music]

630
00:32:57,690 --> 00:33:25,050
imagine stacks you know I know

631
00:33:26,030 --> 00:33:31,719
[Music]

632
00:33:34,610 --> 00:33:40,559
[Music]

633
00:33:45,410 --> 00:34:03,489
[Music]

634
00:34:13,760 --> 00:34:28,340
[Music]

635
00:34:31,510 --> 00:34:34,689
[Music]

636
00:34:39,909 --> 00:34:43,049
[Music]

637
00:34:46,920 --> 00:34:53,539
[Music]

638
00:34:57,650 --> 00:35:09,929
[Music]

639
00:35:17,970 --> 00:35:38,159
[Music]

640
00:35:43,030 --> 00:36:02,369
[Music]

641
00:36:06,850 --> 00:36:11,739
[Music]

642
00:36:16,940 --> 00:36:20,019
[Music]

643
00:36:25,170 --> 00:36:31,670
[Music]

644
00:36:43,080 --> 00:36:53,600
[Music]

645
00:36:57,970 --> 00:37:04,339
[Music]

646
00:37:07,210 --> 00:37:19,090
[Music]

647
00:37:24,970 --> 00:37:54,729
[Music]

648
00:37:57,750 --> 00:38:02,110
[Music]

649
00:38:04,220 --> 00:38:10,739
[Music]

650
00:38:17,190 --> 00:38:42,169
[Music]

651
00:38:48,600 --> 00:38:58,450
[Music]

652
00:39:01,270 --> 00:39:30,619
[Music]

653
00:39:34,490 --> 00:39:43,409
[Music]

654
00:39:46,090 --> 00:40:14,739
[Music]

655
00:40:18,420 --> 00:40:23,010
[Music]

656
00:40:25,750 --> 00:40:31,219
[Music]

657
00:40:33,900 --> 00:40:37,809
[Music]

658
00:40:40,570 --> 00:40:46,290
[Music]

659
00:40:48,750 --> 00:40:51,969
[Music]

660
00:40:57,130 --> 00:41:00,369
[Music]

661
00:41:06,940 --> 00:41:25,760
[Music]

662
00:41:31,620 --> 00:41:34,980
[Music]

663
00:41:41,370 --> 00:41:56,139
[Applause]

664
00:41:42,020 --> 00:41:56,139
[Music]

665
00:42:03,310 --> 00:42:07,000
[Music]

666
00:42:19,330 --> 00:42:23,680
[Music]

667
00:42:26,320 --> 00:42:31,489
[Music]

668
00:42:34,530 --> 00:42:38,619
now

669
00:42:35,520 --> 00:42:38,619
[Music]

670
00:43:09,710 --> 00:43:29,819
[Music]

671
00:43:31,990 --> 00:43:36,340
[Music]

672
00:43:38,880 --> 00:43:42,019
[Music]

673
00:43:44,130 --> 00:43:47,199
[Music]

674
00:43:50,000 --> 00:44:03,360
[Music]

675
00:44:09,320 --> 00:44:12,530
[Music]

676
00:44:15,520 --> 00:44:19,099
[Music]

677
00:44:21,590 --> 00:44:30,350
[Music]

678
00:44:33,820 --> 00:44:37,099
[Music]

679
00:44:44,200 --> 00:44:47,790
[Music]

680
00:44:52,200 --> 00:44:57,610
[Music]

681
00:45:00,180 --> 00:45:03,320
[Music]

682
00:45:10,560 --> 00:45:39,760
[Music]

683
00:45:41,960 --> 00:45:45,119
[Music]

684
00:45:47,830 --> 00:46:11,250
[Music]

685
00:46:13,270 --> 00:46:35,160
[Music]

686
00:46:43,770 --> 00:46:48,900
[Music]

687
00:46:57,420 --> 00:46:59,210
[Music]

688
00:46:58,320 --> 00:47:10,550
[Applause]

689
00:46:59,210 --> 00:47:10,550
[Music]

690
00:47:18,360 --> 00:47:22,579
[Music]

691
00:47:30,050 --> 00:47:35,839
[Music]

692
00:47:37,570 --> 00:47:45,710
[Applause]

693
00:47:40,100 --> 00:47:45,710
[Music]

694
00:47:49,150 --> 00:47:52,269
[Music]

695
00:47:57,520 --> 00:48:13,280
[Music]

696
00:48:16,230 --> 00:48:18,290
Oh

697
00:48:27,370 --> 00:48:31,409
[Music]

698
00:48:36,900 --> 00:48:46,940
[Music]

699
00:48:49,610 --> 00:48:55,510
[Music]

700
00:48:58,650 --> 00:49:16,429
[Music]

701
00:49:19,950 --> 00:49:28,610
[Music]

702
00:49:33,840 --> 00:49:41,700
[Music]

703
00:49:45,540 --> 00:49:59,129
[Music]

704
00:50:01,480 --> 00:50:04,870
Oh

705
00:50:03,100 --> 00:50:15,170
[Applause]

706
00:50:04,870 --> 00:50:15,170
[Music]

707
00:50:17,690 --> 00:50:27,659
[Music]

708
00:50:33,520 --> 00:50:36,610
[Applause]

709
00:50:39,130 --> 00:50:49,070
[Music]

710
00:50:59,940 --> 00:51:04,070
[Music]

711
00:51:11,680 --> 00:51:17,989
[Music]

712
00:51:21,200 --> 00:51:24,300
[Music]

713
00:51:31,280 --> 00:51:36,229
[Music]

714
00:51:41,530 --> 00:52:09,729
[Music]

715
00:52:12,180 --> 00:52:21,090
[Music]

716
00:52:23,250 --> 00:52:26,429
[Music]

717
00:52:28,720 --> 00:52:36,890
[Music]

718
00:52:45,480 --> 00:52:50,730
[Music]

719
00:52:54,260 --> 00:53:03,969
[Music]

720
00:53:14,590 --> 00:53:22,180
[Music]

721
00:53:24,310 --> 00:53:27,730
[Music]

722
00:53:34,090 --> 00:53:46,499
[Music]

723
00:53:51,490 --> 00:54:07,189
[Music]

724
00:54:14,950 --> 00:54:32,270
[Music]

725
00:54:38,020 --> 00:54:48,889
[Music]

726
00:54:55,280 --> 00:54:58,719
[Music]

727
00:55:01,220 --> 00:55:07,559
[Music]

728
00:55:09,630 --> 00:55:22,320
[Music]

729
00:55:24,890 --> 00:55:44,019
[Music]

730
00:55:49,190 --> 00:56:05,010
[Music]

731
00:56:07,550 --> 00:56:10,780
[Music]

732
00:56:13,440 --> 00:56:20,899
[Music]

733
00:56:30,730 --> 00:57:44,349
[Music]

734
00:57:50,760 --> 00:58:04,889
[Music]

735
00:58:06,910 --> 00:58:11,709
[Music]

736
00:58:13,860 --> 00:58:24,610
[Music]

737
00:58:27,380 --> 00:58:43,770
[Music]

738
00:58:47,370 --> 00:58:55,830
[Music]

739
00:58:59,620 --> 00:59:08,440
[Music]

740
00:59:11,780 --> 00:59:16,989
[Music]

741
00:59:20,820 --> 00:59:24,519
[Music]

742
00:59:29,450 --> 00:59:40,429
[Music]

743
00:59:43,550 --> 00:59:51,050
[Music]

744
00:59:53,170 --> 01:00:04,230
[Music]

745
01:00:07,310 --> 01:00:11,679
[Music]

746
01:00:14,690 --> 01:00:24,640
[Music]

747
01:00:28,740 --> 01:00:44,120
[Music]

748
01:00:47,290 --> 01:01:06,349
[Music]

749
01:01:11,740 --> 01:01:16,600
[Music]

750
01:01:24,810 --> 01:01:30,889
[Music]

751
01:01:35,420 --> 01:01:38,809
[Music]

752
01:01:42,070 --> 01:01:45,139
[Music]

753
01:01:53,330 --> 01:02:05,869
[Music]

754
01:02:09,000 --> 01:02:12,260
[Music]

755
01:02:15,280 --> 01:02:22,929
[Music]

756
01:02:27,630 --> 01:02:30,630
No

757
01:02:30,850 --> 01:02:41,599
[Music]

758
01:03:01,690 --> 01:03:10,220
well let's start off with we need to get

759
01:03:04,550 --> 01:03:18,140
this well I'd rather be you than me as I

760
01:03:10,220 --> 01:03:21,140
can always it's already okay let's start

761
01:03:18,140 --> 01:03:26,720
off maybe by talking about early stacks

762
01:03:21,140 --> 01:03:30,470
and how was it begun well it was begun

763
01:03:26,720 --> 01:03:32,690
by my brother and myself just getting

764
01:03:30,470 --> 01:03:35,900
given here I heard a record that he had

765
01:03:32,690 --> 01:03:37,820
done on a home tape recorder and I

766
01:03:35,900 --> 01:03:40,910
thought the record was pretty good it

767
01:03:37,820 --> 01:03:44,390
was a country record and it was done i

768
01:03:40,910 --> 01:03:48,380
cain't got him buyers who was a disc

769
01:03:44,390 --> 01:03:51,020
jockey and it was called blue roses so I

770
01:03:48,380 --> 01:03:52,790
heard it on my little two-bit record

771
01:03:51,020 --> 01:03:54,110
player and I thought it was good but my

772
01:03:52,790 --> 01:03:56,360
brother informant they didn't have any

773
01:03:54,110 --> 01:04:00,460
money among the whole group that had

774
01:03:56,360 --> 01:04:03,350
organized this and they need an investor

775
01:04:00,460 --> 01:04:05,390
well I didn't know too much about the

776
01:04:03,350 --> 01:04:07,550
music business even though in my earlier

777
01:04:05,390 --> 01:04:09,890
years I played the organ and piano for

778
01:04:07,550 --> 01:04:12,980
church and we had a quartet with my

779
01:04:09,890 --> 01:04:15,350
sister and my father and my uncle and we

780
01:04:12,980 --> 01:04:17,240
worked around in all the churches and

781
01:04:15,350 --> 01:04:19,850
went to the scene conventions and things

782
01:04:17,240 --> 01:04:21,920
like this but anyway I was working at

783
01:04:19,850 --> 01:04:23,840
the bank at the time and I wanted to get

784
01:04:21,920 --> 01:04:26,750
into something that I felt like had a

785
01:04:23,840 --> 01:04:28,850
future not the banking business doesn't

786
01:04:26,750 --> 01:04:33,800
have a future but I wanted to get into

787
01:04:28,850 --> 01:04:35,450
something on my own so I let it turn

788
01:04:33,800 --> 01:04:36,980
over in my mind two or three days I

789
01:04:35,450 --> 01:04:39,620
heard heard this little record he had

790
01:04:36,980 --> 01:04:41,960
and so I went to him and I said well I

791
01:04:39,620 --> 01:04:44,270
don't have anything to invest anything

792
01:04:41,960 --> 01:04:47,120
except I've got a lot of equity in the

793
01:04:44,270 --> 01:04:52,970
house I've had since 1940 and this

794
01:04:47,120 --> 01:04:55,400
happened to be in 1958 so I did have

795
01:04:52,970 --> 01:04:58,210
quite a bit back in the house and I

796
01:04:55,400 --> 01:05:02,150
could go get a second mortgage on it and

797
01:04:58,210 --> 01:05:06,140
he said all he needed was $2,500 to buy

798
01:05:02,150 --> 01:05:09,440
an amp extra quarter the one track when

799
01:05:06,140 --> 01:05:11,990
I thought well maybe I can get $2,500 by

800
01:05:09,440 --> 01:05:15,230
the second mortgage on me so I did

801
01:05:11,990 --> 01:05:18,440
so we got that Ampex recorder and took

802
01:05:15,230 --> 01:05:23,210
it out on Archie Street and set it in a

803
01:05:18,440 --> 01:05:25,970
garage with that machine a set of drums

804
01:05:23,210 --> 01:05:27,770
and the piano in a garage there wasn't

805
01:05:25,970 --> 01:05:29,720
much room for any more musicians so they

806
01:05:27,770 --> 01:05:33,800
almost were hanging out the window when

807
01:05:29,720 --> 01:05:36,950
we did recording and everything had

808
01:05:33,800 --> 01:05:39,109
quite a bit of echo on it after we had

809
01:05:36,950 --> 01:05:40,839
taken it to a place to put echo on

810
01:05:39,109 --> 01:05:44,750
everything it kind of run together

811
01:05:40,839 --> 01:05:46,670
didn't work out too well and that was

812
01:05:44,750 --> 01:05:49,580
the beginning and we only stayed there

813
01:05:46,670 --> 01:05:53,930
in short time then my brother had a

814
01:05:49,580 --> 01:05:56,839
barber who had a daughter that her

815
01:05:53,930 --> 01:05:59,599
father felt like was talented and in

816
01:05:56,839 --> 01:06:02,630
order to get her recorded he offered us

817
01:05:59,599 --> 01:06:05,030
a big store building in Brunswick and

818
01:06:02,630 --> 01:06:10,310
that's how we moved out to Brunswick

819
01:06:05,030 --> 01:06:12,619
tensley that proved to be not too

820
01:06:10,310 --> 01:06:16,849
convenient because about 30 miles out

821
01:06:12,619 --> 01:06:21,380
and besides there you had to take the

822
01:06:16,849 --> 01:06:26,900
talent from in town out there so it

823
01:06:21,380 --> 01:06:29,000
didn't work out too well so in 1960 we

824
01:06:26,900 --> 01:06:31,280
thought we better come back to town for

825
01:06:29,000 --> 01:06:34,250
the telephones and at that particular

826
01:06:31,280 --> 01:06:36,349
time theatres were going out of business

827
01:06:34,250 --> 01:06:38,150
in fact they'd already gone out of

828
01:06:36,349 --> 01:06:40,160
business no one's going to the movies

829
01:06:38,150 --> 01:06:43,550
because television had taken over more

830
01:06:40,160 --> 01:06:46,070
less so we started looking for a theater

831
01:06:43,550 --> 01:06:50,119
we thought they'd be a good sound place

832
01:06:46,070 --> 01:06:53,660
and our equipment we could set up and it

833
01:06:50,119 --> 01:06:55,520
would work out searching around we found

834
01:06:53,660 --> 01:06:58,839
a place on Mackinac Street the old

835
01:06:55,520 --> 01:07:05,750
Capitol Theater building which we could

836
01:06:58,839 --> 01:07:08,690
rent for $100 a month and so after we

837
01:07:05,750 --> 01:07:11,839
got in there took all the seats out we

838
01:07:08,690 --> 01:07:13,490
said man this is a big place so we put a

839
01:07:11,839 --> 01:07:17,839
petition right down through the middle

840
01:07:13,490 --> 01:07:20,330
of it which i think is still there and I

841
01:07:17,839 --> 01:07:22,250
had made rapes to kind of insulate the

842
01:07:20,330 --> 01:07:24,049
walls out of margarine so we come back

843
01:07:22,250 --> 01:07:25,869
and hung

844
01:07:24,049 --> 01:07:29,359
drapes up above the petition because

845
01:07:25,869 --> 01:07:30,679
it's pretty hard to build a petition to

846
01:07:29,359 --> 01:07:33,890
go all the way to the ceiling and a

847
01:07:30,679 --> 01:07:36,559
theater so the drapes kind of sound made

848
01:07:33,890 --> 01:07:40,219
a sound barrier we did it all ourselves

849
01:07:36,559 --> 01:07:41,839
put down the rug and put in piece by

850
01:07:40,219 --> 01:07:44,269
piece the insulation we thought we

851
01:07:41,839 --> 01:07:47,839
needed in this half of Capitol Theater

852
01:07:44,269 --> 01:07:51,769
building in the front we had in all

853
01:07:47,839 --> 01:07:54,319
those theaters sort of a candy shop so I

854
01:07:51,769 --> 01:07:57,589
decided I was going to sell records in

855
01:07:54,319 --> 01:08:03,949
the little hole-in-the-wall in the candy

856
01:07:57,589 --> 01:08:06,259
place I began to get together just a few

857
01:08:03,949 --> 01:08:07,029
records at a time I was still working at

858
01:08:06,259 --> 01:08:11,749
the bank

859
01:08:07,029 --> 01:08:13,459
and I would sell records take orders and

860
01:08:11,749 --> 01:08:15,109
go get the records and sell them and all

861
01:08:13,459 --> 01:08:18,770
the profit I'm making selling these

862
01:08:15,109 --> 01:08:20,659
records I would put it into stock so

863
01:08:18,770 --> 01:08:21,949
eventually I had built my stock up to

864
01:08:20,659 --> 01:08:25,239
some twenty thousand dollars and

865
01:08:21,949 --> 01:08:30,079
expanded the shop from the candy store

866
01:08:25,239 --> 01:08:32,889
into what was a barber shop right next

867
01:08:30,079 --> 01:08:35,359
door that went out of business so I

868
01:08:32,889 --> 01:08:38,540
opened the wall up and made quite a

869
01:08:35,359 --> 01:08:41,690
large show record shop and it became

870
01:08:38,540 --> 01:08:44,059
quite an asset to the company in later

871
01:08:41,690 --> 01:08:48,759
years because we could test our records

872
01:08:44,059 --> 01:08:51,230
in this record shop but in the meantime

873
01:08:48,759 --> 01:08:56,540
we had had some more money when we moved

874
01:08:51,230 --> 01:08:59,210
back in there and so what can I do now

875
01:08:56,540 --> 01:09:01,369
I went to everyone I could think of I

876
01:08:59,210 --> 01:09:06,259
said we'll give you 1/3 of the company

877
01:09:01,369 --> 01:09:08,029
for $4,000 well I couldn't convince

878
01:09:06,259 --> 01:09:10,429
anybody that the record business was

879
01:09:08,029 --> 01:09:13,099
anything in city of Memphis that it

880
01:09:10,429 --> 01:09:14,929
would never happen here no one believed

881
01:09:13,099 --> 01:09:18,679
in music especially the recording

882
01:09:14,929 --> 01:09:22,400
industry so then I said well my only

883
01:09:18,679 --> 01:09:26,270
alternative then is to start all over

884
01:09:22,400 --> 01:09:29,179
with my house and I can get $4,000 so

885
01:09:26,270 --> 01:09:31,790
I'll just start all over with the two

886
01:09:29,179 --> 01:09:35,209
mortgages and start paying the house off

887
01:09:31,790 --> 01:09:37,619
again by getting another loan for $4,000

888
01:09:35,209 --> 01:09:38,959
so I went to leader federal and that's

889
01:09:37,619 --> 01:09:45,329
what I did

890
01:09:38,959 --> 01:09:54,269
so for $6,500 Stax was that was

891
01:09:45,329 --> 01:09:56,999
investment the first record we did we

892
01:09:54,269 --> 01:10:02,070
brought in Rufus Thomas from WDIA

893
01:09:56,999 --> 01:10:03,959
discharging and his daughter also was a

894
01:10:02,070 --> 01:10:08,639
singer and she was on about 15 at the

895
01:10:03,959 --> 01:10:13,110
time they did a song together called

896
01:10:08,639 --> 01:10:16,679
cause I love you and when we got it on

897
01:10:13,110 --> 01:10:19,709
the market it started happening start

898
01:10:16,679 --> 01:10:23,360
selling and it broke out down in Atlanta

899
01:10:19,709 --> 01:10:25,860
Georgia sold apparent 25,000 copies and

900
01:10:23,360 --> 01:10:29,940
Atlantic Records of course all majors

901
01:10:25,860 --> 01:10:31,739
are interested in picking up master when

902
01:10:29,940 --> 01:10:37,199
it starts selling they know it has

903
01:10:31,739 --> 01:10:39,630
public appeal and so they approached

904
01:10:37,199 --> 01:10:42,840
asked us if it would lease the record to

905
01:10:39,630 --> 01:10:44,489
them and they would put it on a CO

906
01:10:42,840 --> 01:10:49,170
Records which was their pop label at the

907
01:10:44,489 --> 01:10:50,880
time so we did and we got $1,000 for

908
01:10:49,170 --> 01:10:52,979
that for leasing it to him and that was

909
01:10:50,880 --> 01:10:54,840
the biggest thousand dollars we had ever

910
01:10:52,979 --> 01:10:57,659
seen because it was something the

911
01:10:54,840 --> 01:11:01,229
company had made so he took that

912
01:10:57,659 --> 01:11:04,499
thousand dollars and we cut a record

913
01:11:01,229 --> 01:11:06,780
called gee whiz by Carla we discovered

914
01:11:04,499 --> 01:11:09,479
that at the time they cut because I love

915
01:11:06,780 --> 01:11:11,010
you she went down to the piano and she

916
01:11:09,479 --> 01:11:14,579
picked out this little number and

917
01:11:11,010 --> 01:11:17,010
started singing gee whiz and we thought

918
01:11:14,579 --> 01:11:19,349
it was a great number so we immediately

919
01:11:17,010 --> 01:11:22,499
took that thousand dollars and made the

920
01:11:19,349 --> 01:11:27,510
record gee whiz which went on now has

921
01:11:22,499 --> 01:11:30,420
sold me in but then of course we were

922
01:11:27,510 --> 01:11:32,219
still tied to Atlantic sort of and they

923
01:11:30,420 --> 01:11:36,239
said hey we'd like to have that number

924
01:11:32,219 --> 01:11:38,880
and we'll put it on Atlantic so they did

925
01:11:36,239 --> 01:11:40,650
released that one took money then things

926
01:11:38,880 --> 01:11:42,989
began to happen because when that record

927
01:11:40,650 --> 01:11:45,729
started selling they took another look

928
01:11:42,989 --> 01:11:46,570
at us and said

929
01:11:45,729 --> 01:11:49,030
yeah I don't think we'd like to

930
01:11:46,570 --> 01:11:51,400
distribute your label seems that you

931
01:11:49,030 --> 01:11:54,459
have found some talent and you know how

932
01:11:51,400 --> 01:11:58,179
to do all the things that the music

933
01:11:54,459 --> 01:12:00,820
industry needs and that's how we got

934
01:11:58,179 --> 01:12:04,499
started and from there they started

935
01:12:00,820 --> 01:12:06,729
distributing our label on our label and

936
01:12:04,499 --> 01:12:09,760
that particular time it was known as

937
01:12:06,729 --> 01:12:11,380
satellite if you recall satellites were

938
01:12:09,760 --> 01:12:14,199
very popular at that time and that's how

939
01:12:11,380 --> 01:12:16,150
we settled on the name satellite I

940
01:12:14,199 --> 01:12:19,719
called the record shop the satellite

941
01:12:16,150 --> 01:12:22,829
record shop well that didn't bothers to

942
01:12:19,719 --> 01:12:26,050
much just being local in the record shop

943
01:12:22,829 --> 01:12:27,639
but we came along with a great

944
01:12:26,050 --> 01:12:32,409
instrumental called last night by the

945
01:12:27,639 --> 01:12:34,690
Marquis and it got so big a company in

946
01:12:32,409 --> 01:12:38,559
California said hey we had satellite

947
01:12:34,690 --> 01:12:42,969
label before you did and I think we'll

948
01:12:38,559 --> 01:12:44,739
sue you well we had gone a little

949
01:12:42,969 --> 01:12:46,599
further than that we were going to have

950
01:12:44,739 --> 01:12:48,130
a subsidiary label of satellite and

951
01:12:46,599 --> 01:12:50,409
we've gonna call it stacks which was the

952
01:12:48,130 --> 01:12:54,309
first two letters and my brother's name

953
01:12:50,409 --> 01:12:56,440
Stewart and ax for extra and it made a

954
01:12:54,309 --> 01:12:59,519
pretty good logo you could stack up a

955
01:12:56,440 --> 01:13:02,110
pile of Records and it turned out to be

956
01:12:59,519 --> 01:13:05,349
quite a nice little logo on the record

957
01:13:02,110 --> 01:13:07,619
and so we just dropped the name

958
01:13:05,349 --> 01:13:10,780
satellite and that was that

959
01:13:07,619 --> 01:13:13,209
double-oh-seven start out with number

960
01:13:10,780 --> 01:13:15,099
one and this was at number seven so

961
01:13:13,209 --> 01:13:17,590
we've been pretty good

962
01:13:15,099 --> 01:13:20,110
we felt putting out seven records and

963
01:13:17,590 --> 01:13:23,139
here we'd come up with cause I love you

964
01:13:20,110 --> 01:13:25,840
on that cold jiwoo's on Atlantic and now

965
01:13:23,139 --> 01:13:28,510
this thing and in the meantime in

966
01:13:25,840 --> 01:13:29,889
between that we had one call you don't

967
01:13:28,510 --> 01:13:33,519
miss your water till the well runs dry

968
01:13:29,889 --> 01:13:36,999
but William Bell that was so long just

969
01:13:33,519 --> 01:13:39,760
before last night brother marques so we

970
01:13:36,999 --> 01:13:41,949
were beginning to be pretty successful

971
01:13:39,760 --> 01:13:44,590
with the number of Records we were

972
01:13:41,949 --> 01:13:48,219
putting out and they began to catch on

973
01:13:44,590 --> 01:13:51,989
who was producing at this time my

974
01:13:48,219 --> 01:13:54,489
brother Jim Stewart and chips Moman

975
01:13:51,989 --> 01:13:58,280
did either one of them have any prior

976
01:13:54,489 --> 01:13:59,960
experience or did they just grow into it

977
01:13:58,280 --> 01:14:02,180
well my brother had always been always

978
01:13:59,960 --> 01:14:05,450
been interested in music he had had a

979
01:14:02,180 --> 01:14:08,630
guitar since he was a little boy and I

980
01:14:05,450 --> 01:14:10,640
used to tease him about the violin when

981
01:14:08,630 --> 01:14:12,980
he learned to play the violin first he

982
01:14:10,640 --> 01:14:16,840
was playing fiddle with a country band

983
01:14:12,980 --> 01:14:20,510
and they were on radio every morning and

984
01:14:16,840 --> 01:14:23,210
then he went to college and learned how

985
01:14:20,510 --> 01:14:25,580
to really handle that fiddle and it

986
01:14:23,210 --> 01:14:27,320
became the violin so I don't know

987
01:14:25,580 --> 01:14:31,900
whether he wants to be called a

988
01:14:27,320 --> 01:14:35,260
violinist or fiddler but anyway he was

989
01:14:31,900 --> 01:14:40,160
very musically inclined to begin with

990
01:14:35,260 --> 01:14:42,410
learned to me to read music and when you

991
01:14:40,160 --> 01:14:46,010
learn to play a violin I think you have

992
01:14:42,410 --> 01:14:48,820
a real good ear a violinist something

993
01:14:46,010 --> 01:14:52,940
about that instrument that your ear is

994
01:14:48,820 --> 01:14:54,830
perfect as far as tones concerned and of

995
01:14:52,940 --> 01:14:56,990
course chips had been messing around the

996
01:14:54,830 --> 01:15:00,650
music industry for years and years

997
01:14:56,990 --> 01:15:03,830
playing in bands and so he was with us

998
01:15:00,650 --> 01:15:06,320
at that particular time and later left

999
01:15:03,830 --> 01:15:10,580
and and Steve cropper then came in and

1000
01:15:06,320 --> 01:15:19,100
who was a member of marquees and became

1001
01:15:10,580 --> 01:15:20,660
a producer they just walked in it's a

1002
01:15:19,100 --> 01:15:23,000
usual thing now the marquees were an

1003
01:15:20,660 --> 01:15:26,180
in-house group that loved to play around

1004
01:15:23,000 --> 01:15:29,960
in the studio and work up different

1005
01:15:26,180 --> 01:15:31,910
things and actually the Marquis was you

1006
01:15:29,960 --> 01:15:34,930
might say the background musicians for

1007
01:15:31,910 --> 01:15:38,990
the vocals that we had previous to this

1008
01:15:34,930 --> 01:15:42,260
and so they just worked up a little

1009
01:15:38,990 --> 01:15:45,230
number called last night and and it was

1010
01:15:42,260 --> 01:15:48,020
commercial because we made a dub of the

1011
01:15:45,230 --> 01:15:50,450
tape and put it on radio and from the

1012
01:15:48,020 --> 01:15:51,830
very day it was played on radio people

1013
01:15:50,450 --> 01:15:53,480
were in the shop trying to bite and

1014
01:15:51,830 --> 01:15:56,720
that's the reason I say the shop was an

1015
01:15:53,480 --> 01:15:59,030
asset to the company we could more or

1016
01:15:56,720 --> 01:16:01,760
less tell whether a record had the

1017
01:15:59,030 --> 01:16:04,940
possibility of selling before we would

1018
01:16:01,760 --> 01:16:07,000
even get it on the market well yes at

1019
01:16:04,940 --> 01:16:10,040
that time the radio stations cooperated

1020
01:16:07,000 --> 01:16:13,420
with the record company

1021
01:16:10,040 --> 01:16:16,540
and what helped them get records going

1022
01:16:13,420 --> 01:16:22,760
how did Isaac Hayes and David Porter

1023
01:16:16,540 --> 01:16:26,360
come in well I think like to play around

1024
01:16:22,760 --> 01:16:29,770
on the piano and he also played some of

1025
01:16:26,360 --> 01:16:32,480
the horns he had learned that in school

1026
01:16:29,770 --> 01:16:35,300
but the studio was a place for them to

1027
01:16:32,480 --> 01:16:39,590
hang out in and be around where music

1028
01:16:35,300 --> 01:16:44,150
was being recorded so they started out

1029
01:16:39,590 --> 01:16:47,240
in a David was just he was working in a

1030
01:16:44,150 --> 01:16:50,630
grocery store down about half block from

1031
01:16:47,240 --> 01:16:53,060
us he used to come in to the shop and we

1032
01:16:50,630 --> 01:16:54,980
would discuss songs and what have you

1033
01:16:53,060 --> 01:16:58,880
and I would claim records and give him

1034
01:16:54,980 --> 01:17:01,760
suggestions and at first he'd have about

1035
01:16:58,880 --> 01:17:03,620
three pages of lyrics you know yesterday

1036
01:17:01,760 --> 01:17:05,270
vyd you can't put that me lyrics in

1037
01:17:03,620 --> 01:17:08,540
there you said the same thing several

1038
01:17:05,270 --> 01:17:10,640
times now condensing so he'd go back and

1039
01:17:08,540 --> 01:17:14,450
he'd work on it he bring it in and he

1040
01:17:10,640 --> 01:17:17,390
still wouldn't get it down to what it

1041
01:17:14,450 --> 01:17:20,300
should be for a song so I kept working

1042
01:17:17,390 --> 01:17:22,280
with him patients a good thing to have

1043
01:17:20,300 --> 01:17:24,890
and just keep on working with these

1044
01:17:22,280 --> 01:17:26,900
people you think they have talent and he

1045
01:17:24,890 --> 01:17:29,180
and Isaac just kind of fit together

1046
01:17:26,900 --> 01:17:32,720
I think knew how to write music and

1047
01:17:29,180 --> 01:17:35,090
David was good with lyrics and with the

1048
01:17:32,720 --> 01:17:37,910
talent we had coming in they began to

1049
01:17:35,090 --> 01:17:39,770
work with the talent and so they became

1050
01:17:37,910 --> 01:17:46,550
great writers before either of them

1051
01:17:39,770 --> 01:17:50,840
became artists well it was fun and it

1052
01:17:46,550 --> 01:17:53,450
was work but you know work ceases to be

1053
01:17:50,840 --> 01:17:54,350
work when you enjoy it and that's what

1054
01:17:53,450 --> 01:17:59,240
they were doing

1055
01:17:54,350 --> 01:18:03,530
and I always like to remember Otis

1056
01:17:59,240 --> 01:18:05,630
Redding who came in on a bus was a bus

1057
01:18:03,530 --> 01:18:07,790
driver for a group called the pint

1058
01:18:05,630 --> 01:18:09,290
hoppers the instrumental group that we

1059
01:18:07,790 --> 01:18:13,160
were going to listen to they had an

1060
01:18:09,290 --> 01:18:15,170
appointment came into the studio and so

1061
01:18:13,160 --> 01:18:16,490
while they were there and we listened to

1062
01:18:15,170 --> 01:18:18,260
the instrumental group see instrumental

1063
01:18:16,490 --> 01:18:20,480
groups began to come in act we had last

1064
01:18:18,260 --> 01:18:22,460
night and then Booker T and the MGS who

1065
01:18:20,480 --> 01:18:23,150
also were studio musicians did green

1066
01:18:22,460 --> 01:18:25,370
onions

1067
01:18:23,150 --> 01:18:27,219
then we had a lot of these instrumental

1068
01:18:25,370 --> 01:18:30,440
groups that come here

1069
01:18:27,219 --> 01:18:32,420
well Otis was the driver for them the

1070
01:18:30,440 --> 01:18:35,390
day they came in and while they were

1071
01:18:32,420 --> 01:18:37,670
there just before they left they one of

1072
01:18:35,390 --> 01:18:40,670
the guys said hey we got a guy like if

1073
01:18:37,670 --> 01:18:44,690
you do hear his voice and so they

1074
01:18:40,670 --> 01:18:48,500
brought Otis and and he put down a song

1075
01:18:44,690 --> 01:18:49,969
on tape and we recognized the fact that

1076
01:18:48,500 --> 01:18:53,870
he sound a little bit like a little

1077
01:18:49,969 --> 01:18:55,310
Richard we knew he had talent and you

1078
01:18:53,870 --> 01:18:57,800
can always change that style if you've

1079
01:18:55,310 --> 01:18:59,390
got the talent to work with and that's

1080
01:18:57,800 --> 01:19:03,980
how we discovered him he just came in as

1081
01:18:59,390 --> 01:19:06,260
a bus driver for the time and just a lot

1082
01:19:03,980 --> 01:19:07,460
of things happen you wonder why they

1083
01:19:06,260 --> 01:19:09,230
happen and how'd it happen

1084
01:19:07,460 --> 01:19:11,719
but they just did when you have a studio

1085
01:19:09,230 --> 01:19:12,880
and at that particular time the door was

1086
01:19:11,719 --> 01:19:15,530
open

1087
01:19:12,880 --> 01:19:18,170
could could this type thing happened

1088
01:19:15,530 --> 01:19:21,739
today or was that only possible in 1960

1089
01:19:18,170 --> 01:19:24,890
no I think it can happen today I try to

1090
01:19:21,739 --> 01:19:27,890
keep with our company now I try to keep

1091
01:19:24,890 --> 01:19:32,620
an open door policy as many people as I

1092
01:19:27,890 --> 01:19:32,620
can see and basically