Memphis World Memphis World Publishing Co. 1964-03-28 J. A. Beauchamp TOWARD FULL UTILIZATION — WASHINGTON, D.C. — The United States Department of Labor steps up the implementation of its pioneering efforts toward the goal of full utilization of the potential and existing labor supply as represented by minority groups. Top photo internally: Anthony Rachal (left) recently appointed in the Labor Department's Personnel Office as a Personnel Management Specialist, to see that the skills and abilities of all employees are utilized to the highest degree, confers with Edward J. MceVigh, Assistant Administrative Assistant Secretary for Personnel, on personnel policies. Bottom photo externally: Nathaniel Dickerson (left) General Foods Corporation Representative, pours over the list, of more than 10,000 1962 college graduates of predominantly Negro colleges, assembled by Arthur A. Chapin (right) Special Assistant to the Secretary of Labor, in search of prospective employees. This list is part of the Department's program of Private Industry Supply-Demand Utilization. Mitchell Denounces Eastland Committee Addressing a meeting, of the Civil Liberties Clearing House conference here, March 19. Clarence Mitchell, director of the NAACP Washington Bureau, assailed "the persistent effort to give an aura of responsibility to committee hearings on civil rights run by senator James O. Eastland of Mississippi." The charge was made in protest against Senator Wayne Morse's proposal to refer the pending civil rights bill to the Senate Judiciary Committee headed by the Mississippian. "To the man on the street," Senator Eastland's committee "is the equivalent of the stacked deck, the hanging judge and the executioner Who enjoys his work," Mr. Mitchell asserted. Senator Eastland has made plain his commitment "to a program of keeping civil rights bills in his hip pocket" and through the years as civil rights problems have become more acute he has met them by getting a larger pocket and a larger supply of pigeonholes," the NAACP legislative representative said. Most of the time in civil rights hearings before this committee, he continued, "is spent with Senator Sam Ervin of North Carolina telling jokes about Uncle Remus, Brier Rabbit or some other kind of folklore. It is this type of mauling of civil rights issues that has forced thousands of colored citizens to turn to the sidewalks and the picket line to get redress by direct confrontation." "Miss American Beauty" of 1961 Uses Artra for that Brighter, Lovelier Look! ARTRA SKIN TONE CREAM ARTRA Contains SKIN Fourth Ghana Judge Fired By Nkrumah President Kwame Nkrumah has dismissed Judge H. K. Prempeh from the Ghana High Court. Using his special powers, he appointed four new district and circuit judges to that body at the same time. The filing of Judge prempeh followed by two weeks Mr. Nkrumah's dismissa lof three Supreme Court justices. Mansfield Praises Service Of White House Press Aides Senate Majority Leader Mike Mansfield (D.-Mont.) said Friday "it was with surprise and regret" that he learned of the sudden departure from the White House of Press Secretary Pierre Salinger and his principal assistant, Andrew T. Hatcher. Commenting on the resignation of the pair last Thursday night, Mansfield told his colleagues on the Senate floor: "Mr. Salinger and Mr. Hatcher have both been outstanding in their individual capacities under the presidency of the late John Fitzgerald Kennedy and president Lyndon B. Johnson. I know that they both worked in close accord with President Johnson and they gave to him their utmost in devotion, ability and integrity. "Pierre Salinger brought to the White House an exuberance and a talent which will be sorely missed. Andrew Hatcher brought stability and a soundness of outlook which made them a very effective team. To both of them I wish to extend my very best wishes to a job very well done and to express the hope, also, that their manifold talents will continue to be used by the Democratic body in the months mid years ahead." Insurors Warned Against Crisis Seventy five Negro life insurance officials meeting here were warned they must drastically reduce turnover among agents and policyholders, and increase sales sharply or face business crises in-coming years. The 25th Mid-Year Agency Officers Conference of the National Insurance Association heard this theme at its opening session on Wednesday in a report by its executive director, and the warning was underscored by William A. Clement, CLU, NIA President, the featured speaker at a luncheon Thursday. Ralph K. Lindop of New York, and J. E. Hankins, president of Mammoth Life and Accident Insurance Co., Louisville, re - emphasized the challenge in the final session at Stouffer's Louisville Inn Friday. Lindop, one of the country's most sought after life and disability insurance sales consultants, delivered a two-hour lecture on techniques for reducing agent turnover. He said the industry turns over ninety per cent of its sales force every five years at a cost of millions of dollars per year. New means of hiring and paying, based on sales of disability insurance, can provide adequate income to new salesmen during the three years it takes to become expert in life insurance sales, Lindop said. The job ahead for insurance managements is to match the growth of knowledge and earning capacity in other industries, Hankins declared. Managers must achieve new sales by properly directing the activities of others, he said. Jailed Mother Of Fire Victims Attends Rites The 24-year-old mother of two children who burned to death in an apartment fire here was released long enough last week to attend their double funeral. Mrs. Corine Murphy, 3323 22nd St., was sentenced to $500 or 100 days in jail for child neglect by Municipal Judge Bob M. Johnson. The sentence came after crime prevention officers testified that Mrs. Murphy had been warned repeatedly about leaving her three small children unattended in her fourroom apartment. Graveside ceremonies were held for the two tots, Elaine and Flecia. The young mother, still in a state of shock when interviewed by a local newsman, said a welfare check of $78 per month, a job at a 22nd St. cafe which paid her $20 a week, plus tips, were not enough for her and the children. "I stayed with them as much as I could," she said, "but I had to work to eat." Ironically, Mrs. Murphy had just taken out an insurance policy on the three children only a few days before the fife in which two of them perished. She is entitled to $4,000 for their deaths. A son, Larry, five, is still reported in "grave" condition from burns suffered in the same fire. "The money won't bring them back," Mrs. Murphy said. "I had just stepped out to watch a set of twins for a friend when the fire came. I wasn't gone but a few minutes, and the next thing I knew they were gone — gone, gone. JOHNSON AND SECURITY A tip that a Cuban suicide pilot might try to ram President Johnson's jet transport on a recent trip to Florida created a wartime-type security surrounding the Chief Executive. For further security, the President was flown in an executive jet operated by the Air Force instead of his Boeing 707 jet. No advance announcement was made of his arrival or departure. HOSPITAL QUALITY DRESSING FIGHTING CANCER— "This is where to send your dollars and help the American Cancer Society score against cancer," says Jim Brown, fullback of the Cleveland Browns and one of football's all time "greats". Last May, cancer look the life of his friend, Ernie Davis, who died of leukemia cancer of the blood at the age of 23, off the threshold of a brilliant career in pro football with the Cleveand Browns. Ernie Davis' athletic career had carried him to the pinnacle of collegiate football in 1961. He was twice named All American halfback. Jim Brown, who is on location in Mojave, Utah, making his first film, 'Rio Concho" which co-features Richard Boone and Anthony Franciosa, has accepted the co-chairmanship of the Amerian Cancer Society Crusade in Ohio and as soon as "shooting" is completed, he will return to Ohio to help direct the statewide fund-raising and educational activities of the nation's largest cancer-fighting agency. Sammy Davis Pulls 'Boner'; Hit By African Student Group Internationlly famous American entertainer Sammy Davis, Jr., pulled a race boner on a television program here last, week, and was blasted for ridiculing his African ancestry by the West African Students Union. While appearing on the program, Davis joked about being colored and commented that if you argued with a man in Africa he would say to somebody: "Eat him." Davis thought the quip fanny and the studio audience indicated its agreement by its cheer. But the comment was no laughing matter to the serious - minded membersof the Students Union. The Union issued a statement saying: "It is disgusting that a man who owes his success to his African background should publicly deride his forebears and holds his African ancestry as a curse." Actually, Davis himself is a integrationist who helps rasie funds for the civil rights fight in America. However, he has also become the target of segregationists at home because of his marriage to blonde Swedish actress Mal Britt. They have two children, one of their own; the other adopted. Even before marrying Miss Britt, a divorcee, he had been linked romantically to white Chicago - born actress Kim Novak. Davis as a member of the socalled "Clan" which includes Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Joey Bishop and Peter Lawford. Sunday School Lesson The purpose of our lesson for today is to lead adults to grow in their relationship with the risen Christ. Today we study the wonderful story of the Ressurection, and the renewal of faith thereby imparted to Christ's followers indeed to all the world for generation after generation. Like the Christmas story, it will never grow old or outdated. Our Bible Lesson opens with Mary Magdalene weeping outside the empty tomb: with other women, she had gone to the tomb to perform further anointing of the body of Christ, and was grief stricken when she saw the Master was not there. Even when she found she was not alone, she did not realize that the stranger who inquired as to the reason for her grief was the risen Lord. It was not until he spoke her name that she recognized him. Imagine her joy, then, as she sped to inform the other disciples that Jesus was not dead, but alive, and among them still! Those were dark days indeed, for the followers of Jesus. Scattered and shaken, they had given up all hope. And then came the wonderful news ... all was not lost! On that first, Sunday, the day of Ressurection, Jesus appeared on five separate occasions to believers. That evening, when the disciples had gathered in an upper room, having first barred the doors because of their fear of the Jews, to talk among themselves of the farreaching events of the day. Jesus appeared before them, and bestowed his blessing on them. For some reason, Thomas, was not among them. Inclined towards skepticism, when he heard of the Resurrection, he was opening incredulous, declaring: "Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe." One week later the disciples met again, and this time Thomas was with them when Jesus appeared. Challenged by Jesus to do what he had said he must do, in order to be convinced, Thomas cried out: "My Lord and my God." This was an unqualified confession of faith, which Christ accepted. But Jesus added a very significant footnote: "Blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed." From these two, Mary and Thomas, we can learn how Jesus can change the course of our lives. Thomas doubted, but he also showed great faith. Mary had the devils cast out of her life, but she also took Christ into her life. Thomas was honest; he would not say that he believed when he did not believe. He would not say he understood when he did not understand. But when he was sure, he had no reservations whatever. Jesus knew this, and relied on the love of this man. This apostle's experience points up a truth that we are inclined to forget, Doubt, hoestly faced, can, in turn, lead up to unshakable faith. The disciples received a renewal of spirit, from the Resurrection. From dejected beaten men they became men inspired. Their witnessing was revitalized, and they could not wait to share the glad tidings with the rest of their fellowmen. And white we cannot transfer their experiences to ourselves, we can, and should, realize that through them we may be stirred to receive the blessings and the sense of renewal, in Christ that was their lot. If Christ were to appear among us today this instant this minute, his words to us would be the same as they were to Mary Magdalene outside the sepulchre: "Go and tell my brethren." And it is only as We respond to his commands that we experience the companionship of the living Christ — a companionshop offered to us collectively and individually . . . a very preious gift. THOMAS AND MARY MAGDALENE The purpose of our lesson for today is to lead adults to grow in their relationship with the risen Christ. Today we study the wonderful story of the Ressurection, and the renewal of faith thereby imparted to Christ's followers indeed to all the world for generation after generation. Like the Christmas story, it will never grow old or outdated. Our Bible Lesson opens with Mary Magdalene weeping outside the empty tomb: with other women, she had gone to the tomb to perform further anointing of the body of Christ, and was grief stricken when she saw the Master was not there. Even when she found she was not alone, she did not realize that the stranger who inquired as to the reason for her grief was the risen Lord. It was not until he spoke her name that she recognized him. Imagine her joy, then, as she sped to inform the other disciples that Jesus was not dead, but alive, and among them still! Those were dark days indeed, for the followers of Jesus. Scattered and shaken, they had given up all hope. And then came the wonderful news ... all was not lost! On that first, Sunday, the day of Ressurection, Jesus appeared on five separate occasions to believers. That evening, when the disciples had gathered in an upper room, having first barred the doors because of their fear of the Jews, to talk among themselves of the farreaching events of the day. Jesus appeared before them, and bestowed his blessing on them. For some reason, Thomas, was not among them. Inclined towards skepticism, when he heard of the Resurrection, he was opening incredulous, declaring: "Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe." One week later the disciples met again, and this time Thomas was with them when Jesus appeared. Challenged by Jesus to do what he had said he must do, in order to be convinced, Thomas cried out: "My Lord and my God." This was an unqualified confession of faith, which Christ accepted. But Jesus added a very significant footnote: "Blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed." From these two, Mary and Thomas, we can learn how Jesus can change the course of our lives. Thomas doubted, but he also showed great faith. Mary had the devils cast out of her life, but she also took Christ into her life. Thomas was honest; he would not say that he believed when he did not believe. He would not say he understood when he did not understand. But when he was sure, he had no reservations whatever. Jesus knew this, and relied on the love of this man. This apostle's experience points up a truth that we are inclined to forget, Doubt, hoestly faced, can, in turn, lead up to unshakable faith. The disciples received a renewal of spirit, from the Resurrection. From dejected beaten men they became men inspired. Their witnessing was revitalized, and they could not wait to share the glad tidings with the rest of their fellowmen. And white we cannot transfer their experiences to ourselves, we can, and should, realize that through them we may be stirred to receive the blessings and the sense of renewal, in Christ that was their lot. If Christ were to appear among us today this instant this minute, his words to us would be the same as they were to Mary Magdalene outside the sepulchre: "Go and tell my brethren." And it is only as We respond to his commands that we experience the companionship of the living Christ — a companionshop offered to us collectively and individually . . . a very preious gift. Princess Amelia Of Basutoland Succumbs Princess Amelia Mantsebo Seeiso, former Regent Paramount Chieftainess of Basutoland, died March 18 At Morija, Basutoland. She was 61. Chieftainess Amelia succeeded her husband in 1940. In 1960 she turned over her tribal powers to her stepson, Prince Beneng, then an undergraduate at Oxford University, London. Basutoland, a colony of 11,716 square miles with a population of 700,000, is an enclave within the Republic of South Africa. I DARE YOU! War On Poverty Seen Hope, Progress Boon So staggering is the scope of the poverty package presented to Congress last week by the President and so great are its potential benefits to the poverty - struck masses, until it will require almost every "down and out" voice in this country to get such a bill through Congress. Even more important, once the bill is ssed, its effective implementation will require the kind of local, inter-city, city-wide and state organization, including the participation of the beneficiaries, themselves, that heretofore has been non - existent. In other words, if Negroes in cities and towns across this nation do not now begin to organize within their own communities, and establish workable programs for poverty - eradication within their own communities, they will find themselves on the outside of the most massive economic uplifting program this nation has ever attempted. The bill is called the Economic Oppportunity Act of 1964. It has six titles or parts which are roughly named: 1. Youth Opportunity Programs; 2. Urban and Rural Community Action Program, 3. Rural Economic Opportunity Programs; 4. Employment and Investment Incentives; 5. Family Unity Through Jobs, 6. Volunteers and Administration. During its first year of operation it is expected that nearly one billion dollars will be spent. Here is a brief capsule of what the bill hopes to do. Under Title I, Youth Programs, a "Job Corps" is expected to be established which will administer programs for education work experience and vocational training for youths, aged 16 through 21. Two basic programs are envisioned. One will establish "Conservetion Camps" providing useful work and basic education Youths will serve a maximum of two years in these camps to be located throughout the country, and can expect to earn up to $50 per month while working and learning MUST ORGANIZE So staggering is the scope of the poverty package presented to Congress last week by the President and so great are its potential benefits to the poverty - struck masses, until it will require almost every "down and out" voice in this country to get such a bill through Congress. Even more important, once the bill is ssed, its effective implementation will require the kind of local, inter-city, city-wide and state organization, including the participation of the beneficiaries, themselves, that heretofore has been non - existent. In other words, if Negroes in cities and towns across this nation do not now begin to organize within their own communities, and establish workable programs for poverty - eradication within their own communities, they will find themselves on the outside of the most massive economic uplifting program this nation has ever attempted. The bill is called the Economic Oppportunity Act of 1964. It has six titles or parts which are roughly named: 1. Youth Opportunity Programs; 2. Urban and Rural Community Action Program, 3. Rural Economic Opportunity Programs; 4. Employment and Investment Incentives; 5. Family Unity Through Jobs, 6. Volunteers and Administration. During its first year of operation it is expected that nearly one billion dollars will be spent. Here is a brief capsule of what the bill hopes to do. Under Title I, Youth Programs, a "Job Corps" is expected to be established which will administer programs for education work experience and vocational training for youths, aged 16 through 21. Two basic programs are envisioned. One will establish "Conservetion Camps" providing useful work and basic education Youths will serve a maximum of two years in these camps to be located throughout the country, and can expect to earn up to $50 per month while working and learning BILLION TO BE SPENT So staggering is the scope of the poverty package presented to Congress last week by the President and so great are its potential benefits to the poverty - struck masses, until it will require almost every "down and out" voice in this country to get such a bill through Congress. Even more important, once the bill is ssed, its effective implementation will require the kind of local, inter-city, city-wide and state organization, including the participation of the beneficiaries, themselves, that heretofore has been non - existent. In other words, if Negroes in cities and towns across this nation do not now begin to organize within their own communities, and establish workable programs for poverty - eradication within their own communities, they will find themselves on the outside of the most massive economic uplifting program this nation has ever attempted. The bill is called the Economic Oppportunity Act of 1964. It has six titles or parts which are roughly named: 1. Youth Opportunity Programs; 2. Urban and Rural Community Action Program, 3. Rural Economic Opportunity Programs; 4. Employment and Investment Incentives; 5. Family Unity Through Jobs, 6. Volunteers and Administration. During its first year of operation it is expected that nearly one billion dollars will be spent. Here is a brief capsule of what the bill hopes to do. Under Title I, Youth Programs, a "Job Corps" is expected to be established which will administer programs for education work experience and vocational training for youths, aged 16 through 21. Two basic programs are envisioned. One will establish "Conservetion Camps" providing useful work and basic education Youths will serve a maximum of two years in these camps to be located throughout the country, and can expect to earn up to $50 per month while working and learning Miss. Charged With Campaign Against Rights Senate backers of the civil rights bill charged Tuesday the state of Mississippi is pouring promotion" campaign against the bill. Sen. John C. Stennis, D-Miss., immediately protested what he called a "vicious side - door atttack on the state of Mississippi" and vowed that statements by Senate Democratic Whip Hubert H. Humphrey and others "certainly will be answered." Humphrey and Republican Whip Thomas H. Kuchel Calif., castigated a newspaper advertisement placed by the "Coordinating Committee for Fundamental American Freedoms Inc.," Humphrey said the committee was largely financed by the Mississippi Sovereignty Commission, an official state agency set up to combat racial integration. Sen. Jacob Javits, R-N. Y., said Mississippi is helped more than any other state by federal funds because its per capita income is so low. Taxpayers all over the country, Jayits said should "protest the misuse" of funds by Mississippi when money is diverted from necessary public purposes to fight the civil rights bill. Erie Johnston, director of Mississippi's Sovereignty Commission said last month the segregation agency was sending money to Washington to fight the bill. Humphrey and other Democratic leaders said they hope for a showdown Wednesday or Thursday on their motion to call up the civil rights bill for debate. The measure, already passed by the House, is designed to assure Negroes equality in voting, employment, education and public accommodations. DON'T BE SKINNY Black Heroes Of The American Revolution The encounters at Lexington and Concord in April, 1775, roused the New England colonies and, in the days that followed, some 16,000 Americans marched on Boston to protest against and resist any further British military expeditions. The Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia, acting for the 13 colonies, appointed George Washington "to command all the Continental forces." But before the General reached the camp forming around Boston, another collision between the Redcoats and the Patriots occurred on June 17, 1775. The opposing armies raced to occupy two elevations which commanded the city. The colonists were first to reach and fortify Bunker Hill — as it came to be called. The British commanders realized they must take the hill and, more important, welcomed the opportunity to break the rebellion once and for all — the Americans would not stand up te a full scale assault. This contempt for the fighting qualities of Americans was coupled with a pride in the heretofore invulnerability of British arms. A heavy cannonading from both land and sea preceded the attack Abont this time the First Massachusetts Regiment hastened to reinforce the defendinfg aPtriots. With this regiment was Peter Salem (born in Framingham, Mass., about 1750) who was freed as a slave to enlist and who had seen action at the Battle of Concord as a Minuteman. Several times the Redcoats were repulsed in their assault on Bunker Hill. In one attack Peter Salem reportedly killed the commander of marines, Major John Pitcairn. Fighting side-by-side with their white comrades were many other Negroes, including: Alexander Ames, Caesar Bason, caesar Brown, who was killed in action that day; Seymour Burr, Titus Colburn, Grant Cooper, Caesar Dickerson, Charleston Eads, Pomp Fisk. Prince Hall, who was later to become a pioneer Negro Masonic leader and an active abolitionist; Cuff Haynes, Cato Howe, Barzillai Lew, Sampson Talbert, Cato Tufts, Caesar Wetherbee, and Cuff Whittemore, who was also at the Battle of Lexington and Concord. Anather Negro Patriot received a special commendation for his heroism at Bunker Hill. The citation was signed by 14 of his white fellow officers and men, including Colonel William Prescott ("Don't fire until you see the whites of (heir eyes!") the field commander of the battle: "Under our own observation, we declared that a Negro man called Salem Poor behaved like an experienced officer, as well as an excellent soldier. In the person of this said Negro centers a brave and gallant soldier. The reward due to so great and distinguished a character, we submit to the Congress." In effect, Salem Poor was nominated for this Nation's first "Congressional Medal of Honor." Under repeated assaults and because the rammunition was exhausted, the Americans retired. Although the British carried the day, it was a Pyrrhic victory: the King's casualties were about 1,150 out of a total of 2,500 men engaged; Patriot losses, about 400 out of 1,600. The invincibility of British arms had been exploded and a republic was born. After Bunker Hill, Peter Salem continued his military service for seven years, seeing action again at the crucial Battle of Saratoga, 1777. Back to civilian life, he settled in Leicester, Mass., piled his trade of basket making and in 1783 married Katy Benson. Subsequently returning to Framingham, he died on August 16, 1816. In Trumbull's great historic painting of the Battle of Bunker Hill, in the rotunda of the Capital at Washington, D. C., Peter Salem is one of the conspicuous figures. In 1882, the Town of Framingham voted to place a memorial stone over his grave and appropriated $150.00 for that purpose; The Daughters of the American Revolution honored his memory in 1909. They acquired possession of the site of his home in Leicester, beautified the spot and caused to be placed in a stone fence by the roadside a large boulder bearing this inscription: "Here lived Peter Salem, a Negro soldier of the Revolution." PETER SALEM The encounters at Lexington and Concord in April, 1775, roused the New England colonies and, in the days that followed, some 16,000 Americans marched on Boston to protest against and resist any further British military expeditions. The Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia, acting for the 13 colonies, appointed George Washington "to command all the Continental forces." But before the General reached the camp forming around Boston, another collision between the Redcoats and the Patriots occurred on June 17, 1775. The opposing armies raced to occupy two elevations which commanded the city. The colonists were first to reach and fortify Bunker Hill — as it came to be called. The British commanders realized they must take the hill and, more important, welcomed the opportunity to break the rebellion once and for all — the Americans would not stand up te a full scale assault. This contempt for the fighting qualities of Americans was coupled with a pride in the heretofore invulnerability of British arms. A heavy cannonading from both land and sea preceded the attack Abont this time the First Massachusetts Regiment hastened to reinforce the defendinfg aPtriots. With this regiment was Peter Salem (born in Framingham, Mass., about 1750) who was freed as a slave to enlist and who had seen action at the Battle of Concord as a Minuteman. Several times the Redcoats were repulsed in their assault on Bunker Hill. In one attack Peter Salem reportedly killed the commander of marines, Major John Pitcairn. Fighting side-by-side with their white comrades were many other Negroes, including: Alexander Ames, Caesar Bason, caesar Brown, who was killed in action that day; Seymour Burr, Titus Colburn, Grant Cooper, Caesar Dickerson, Charleston Eads, Pomp Fisk. Prince Hall, who was later to become a pioneer Negro Masonic leader and an active abolitionist; Cuff Haynes, Cato Howe, Barzillai Lew, Sampson Talbert, Cato Tufts, Caesar Wetherbee, and Cuff Whittemore, who was also at the Battle of Lexington and Concord. Anather Negro Patriot received a special commendation for his heroism at Bunker Hill. The citation was signed by 14 of his white fellow officers and men, including Colonel William Prescott ("Don't fire until you see the whites of (heir eyes!") the field commander of the battle: "Under our own observation, we declared that a Negro man called Salem Poor behaved like an experienced officer, as well as an excellent soldier. In the person of this said Negro centers a brave and gallant soldier. The reward due to so great and distinguished a character, we submit to the Congress." In effect, Salem Poor was nominated for this Nation's first "Congressional Medal of Honor." Under repeated assaults and because the rammunition was exhausted, the Americans retired. Although the British carried the day, it was a Pyrrhic victory: the King's casualties were about 1,150 out of a total of 2,500 men engaged; Patriot losses, about 400 out of 1,600. The invincibility of British arms had been exploded and a republic was born. After Bunker Hill, Peter Salem continued his military service for seven years, seeing action again at the crucial Battle of Saratoga, 1777. Back to civilian life, he settled in Leicester, Mass., piled his trade of basket making and in 1783 married Katy Benson. Subsequently returning to Framingham, he died on August 16, 1816. In Trumbull's great historic painting of the Battle of Bunker Hill, in the rotunda of the Capital at Washington, D. C., Peter Salem is one of the conspicuous figures. In 1882, the Town of Framingham voted to place a memorial stone over his grave and appropriated $150.00 for that purpose; The Daughters of the American Revolution honored his memory in 1909. They acquired possession of the site of his home in Leicester, beautified the spot and caused to be placed in a stone fence by the roadside a large boulder bearing this inscription: "Here lived Peter Salem, a Negro soldier of the Revolution." SALEM KILLED The encounters at Lexington and Concord in April, 1775, roused the New England colonies and, in the days that followed, some 16,000 Americans marched on Boston to protest against and resist any further British military expeditions. The Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia, acting for the 13 colonies, appointed George Washington "to command all the Continental forces." But before the General reached the camp forming around Boston, another collision between the Redcoats and the Patriots occurred on June 17, 1775. The opposing armies raced to occupy two elevations which commanded the city. The colonists were first to reach and fortify Bunker Hill — as it came to be called. The British commanders realized they must take the hill and, more important, welcomed the opportunity to break the rebellion once and for all — the Americans would not stand up te a full scale assault. This contempt for the fighting qualities of Americans was coupled with a pride in the heretofore invulnerability of British arms. A heavy cannonading from both land and sea preceded the attack Abont this time the First Massachusetts Regiment hastened to reinforce the defendinfg aPtriots. With this regiment was Peter Salem (born in Framingham, Mass., about 1750) who was freed as a slave to enlist and who had seen action at the Battle of Concord as a Minuteman. Several times the Redcoats were repulsed in their assault on Bunker Hill. In one attack Peter Salem reportedly killed the commander of marines, Major John Pitcairn. Fighting side-by-side with their white comrades were many other Negroes, including: Alexander Ames, Caesar Bason, caesar Brown, who was killed in action that day; Seymour Burr, Titus Colburn, Grant Cooper, Caesar Dickerson, Charleston Eads, Pomp Fisk. Prince Hall, who was later to become a pioneer Negro Masonic leader and an active abolitionist; Cuff Haynes, Cato Howe, Barzillai Lew, Sampson Talbert, Cato Tufts, Caesar Wetherbee, and Cuff Whittemore, who was also at the Battle of Lexington and Concord. Anather Negro Patriot received a special commendation for his heroism at Bunker Hill. The citation was signed by 14 of his white fellow officers and men, including Colonel William Prescott ("Don't fire until you see the whites of (heir eyes!") the field commander of the battle: "Under our own observation, we declared that a Negro man called Salem Poor behaved like an experienced officer, as well as an excellent soldier. In the person of this said Negro centers a brave and gallant soldier. The reward due to so great and distinguished a character, we submit to the Congress." In effect, Salem Poor was nominated for this Nation's first "Congressional Medal of Honor." Under repeated assaults and because the rammunition was exhausted, the Americans retired. Although the British carried the day, it was a Pyrrhic victory: the King's casualties were about 1,150 out of a total of 2,500 men engaged; Patriot losses, about 400 out of 1,600. The invincibility of British arms had been exploded and a republic was born. After Bunker Hill, Peter Salem continued his military service for seven years, seeing action again at the crucial Battle of Saratoga, 1777. Back to civilian life, he settled in Leicester, Mass., piled his trade of basket making and in 1783 married Katy Benson. Subsequently returning to Framingham, he died on August 16, 1816. In Trumbull's great historic painting of the Battle of Bunker Hill, in the rotunda of the Capital at Washington, D. C., Peter Salem is one of the conspicuous figures. In 1882, the Town of Framingham voted to place a memorial stone over his grave and appropriated $150.00 for that purpose; The Daughters of the American Revolution honored his memory in 1909. They acquired possession of the site of his home in Leicester, beautified the spot and caused to be placed in a stone fence by the roadside a large boulder bearing this inscription: "Here lived Peter Salem, a Negro soldier of the Revolution." PYRRHIC VICTORY The encounters at Lexington and Concord in April, 1775, roused the New England colonies and, in the days that followed, some 16,000 Americans marched on Boston to protest against and resist any further British military expeditions. The Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia, acting for the 13 colonies, appointed George Washington "to command all the Continental forces." But before the General reached the camp forming around Boston, another collision between the Redcoats and the Patriots occurred on June 17, 1775. The opposing armies raced to occupy two elevations which commanded the city. The colonists were first to reach and fortify Bunker Hill — as it came to be called. The British commanders realized they must take the hill and, more important, welcomed the opportunity to break the rebellion once and for all — the Americans would not stand up te a full scale assault. This contempt for the fighting qualities of Americans was coupled with a pride in the heretofore invulnerability of British arms. A heavy cannonading from both land and sea preceded the attack Abont this time the First Massachusetts Regiment hastened to reinforce the defendinfg aPtriots. With this regiment was Peter Salem (born in Framingham, Mass., about 1750) who was freed as a slave to enlist and who had seen action at the Battle of Concord as a Minuteman. Several times the Redcoats were repulsed in their assault on Bunker Hill. In one attack Peter Salem reportedly killed the commander of marines, Major John Pitcairn. Fighting side-by-side with their white comrades were many other Negroes, including: Alexander Ames, Caesar Bason, caesar Brown, who was killed in action that day; Seymour Burr, Titus Colburn, Grant Cooper, Caesar Dickerson, Charleston Eads, Pomp Fisk. Prince Hall, who was later to become a pioneer Negro Masonic leader and an active abolitionist; Cuff Haynes, Cato Howe, Barzillai Lew, Sampson Talbert, Cato Tufts, Caesar Wetherbee, and Cuff Whittemore, who was also at the Battle of Lexington and Concord. Anather Negro Patriot received a special commendation for his heroism at Bunker Hill. The citation was signed by 14 of his white fellow officers and men, including Colonel William Prescott ("Don't fire until you see the whites of (heir eyes!") the field commander of the battle: "Under our own observation, we declared that a Negro man called Salem Poor behaved like an experienced officer, as well as an excellent soldier. In the person of this said Negro centers a brave and gallant soldier. The reward due to so great and distinguished a character, we submit to the Congress." In effect, Salem Poor was nominated for this Nation's first "Congressional Medal of Honor." Under repeated assaults and because the rammunition was exhausted, the Americans retired. Although the British carried the day, it was a Pyrrhic victory: the King's casualties were about 1,150 out of a total of 2,500 men engaged; Patriot losses, about 400 out of 1,600. The invincibility of British arms had been exploded and a republic was born. After Bunker Hill, Peter Salem continued his military service for seven years, seeing action again at the crucial Battle of Saratoga, 1777. Back to civilian life, he settled in Leicester, Mass., piled his trade of basket making and in 1783 married Katy Benson. Subsequently returning to Framingham, he died on August 16, 1816. In Trumbull's great historic painting of the Battle of Bunker Hill, in the rotunda of the Capital at Washington, D. C., Peter Salem is one of the conspicuous figures. In 1882, the Town of Framingham voted to place a memorial stone over his grave and appropriated $150.00 for that purpose; The Daughters of the American Revolution honored his memory in 1909. They acquired possession of the site of his home in Leicester, beautified the spot and caused to be placed in a stone fence by the roadside a large boulder bearing this inscription: "Here lived Peter Salem, a Negro soldier of the Revolution." AT LAST THE PERMANENT WIG permanent because you wear it all the time. Set it yourself Style it yourself Shape it yourself use curlers— water based sprays eliminates need to sit under hot dryer All SHADES NO C.O.D. send full amount prompt delivery $49.00 HAIR DO FASHIONS 507 Fifth Avenue, Room 901 New York 17, N.Y. British Police 'Color Bar' Cited Dr. R. B. Davison, a senior lecturer in economics at the University of the West Indies, charges that an apparent "rigid color bar" exists among British police authorities. In a book published last week by the Institute of Race Relations, Dr. Davison said Britain cannot claim to be a multi-racial Commonwealth until, a colored policeman is seen patrolling outside Buckingham Palace. The author notes that special colored liaison officers already have been appointed within the forces, and argues that, with "some judicious encouragement" from the Home Office .. this highly desirable practice" could be extended. Civil Rights Body For Puerto Ricans The founding convention of the National Association for Puerto Rican Civil Rights will be held on April 3 and 4 at the Riverside Church, it was announced by the "temporary steering committee." AIDS SOCIAL WORK Development of a multi - racial, co-educational school of social work in Northern Rhodesia is being assisted through an additional grant of $50,000 to the Oppenheimer College of Social Service here by the Agency for international Development.