Memphis World Memphis World Publishing Co. 1959-07-18 Thaddeus T. Stokes MEMPHIS WORLD AMERICA'S STANDARD RACE JOURNAL The South's Oldest and leading Colored Semi-Weekly Newspaper Published by MEMPHIS WORLD PUBLISHING CO. Every WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY at 546 BEALE — Ph. JA. 6-4030 Member of SCOTT NEWSPAPER SYNDICATE W. A. Scott, II, Founder; C. A, Scott, General Manager Entered In the Post Office at Memphis. Tenn. as Second-Class mall under the Act of Congress, March 1, 1870 THADDEUS T. STOKES Managing Editor SMITH FLEMING Circulation Manager SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Year $5.00 — 6 Months 53.00 — 3 Months $1.50 (In Advance) The MEMPHIS WORLD is an independent newspaper — non-sectarian and non-partisan, printing new unabashedly and supporting those things It believes to be of Interest to Its readers and opposing those things against the interest of Its readers. American Jewish Congress Condemns Racists — Including Those In Its Own Camp The American Jewish Congress has called on the United States Davis Cup Committee to "move the challenge round symbolizing international tennis supremacy from the Forest Hills Stadium of the West Side Tennis Club to another site." The action came after Dr. Ralph J. Bunche, world-renowned diplomat and winner of the 1950 Nobel Peace prize,, said his son was barred from a junior membership in the West Side Tennis Club because he is a Negro. Bunche, United Nations official, said the president of the club, "made it clear" that Negroes and Jews were not accepted as members. Stanley H. Lowell, chairman of the executive committee of the Congress' New York Metropolitan Council, was perfectly just when he said in a letter to the United States Lawn Tennis Association: "The club's policy in refusing membership to Negroes and Jews makes it totally unsuited for international competition in which the United States is represented as host. Unless the Davis Cup competition is moved to another site, the spotlight of world attention will point up the fact that our country – leader of the free world — can provide no better setting for an event aimed at encouraging sportsmanship and international goodwill than a club which has still not accepted the Declaration of Independence and- the concept that all men are created equal." The Jewish leader added: "The damage to American prestige is already great. Unless swift action is taken to move the competition elsewhere, we will surely lose the respect of millions of people around the world of all races, colors, and religions." These statements coming from the largest Jewish organization fighting racial discrimination in this country show the hurt that Jewish people everywhere must have felt when the West Side Tennis Club announced that it would not accept them, solely because of their religion. And the humiliation was made even greater in that this policy of discrimination did not come from the likes of John Kasper and the rabid segregationists who have bombed synagogues in the South, but from people who are on that upper crust of that outer fringe of that socalled ultra-ultra level where many wealthy Jews have always considered themselves to be. Despite the damage to American prestige abroad, however, something good always comes out of an issue like this. For one thing, it points up the cry of Negro leaders that they are not the only ones the victims of white supremacy, and that Jewish people who have been straddling the fence or otherwise sympathetic to segregationists are discriminated against just as much as Negroes. Now that this claim of Negro leaders has been proven by the policy of bias handed down by the West Side Tennis Club, more Jewish people can be expected to join the Negro cause for freedom of all people, and, as Chairman Lowell pointed out, regardless of race, color or religion. And this issue has also brought something else out, and that is the stupidity of some Jewish people in the South — in Memphis and other Southern cities — joining the cause of segregationists and making vicious, anti-Negro speeches. The Jewish politician who is going around with a platform of racism, preaching racial hatred and calling for continued discrimination against Negroes in housin, on buses, in public parks, in schools, and at the zoo — could no more have attained membership in an organization like the West Side Tennis Club under its current policy of bias than could have Ralph Bunche's son. And more than this, it brought out that Jewish people, in view of this latest anti-Semitic action, cannot and do not condone race-baiting politicians and other racists within their own camp. In fact, this strong language from the chairman of this country's largest and most respected anti-discriminatory Jewish organization condemning discrimination in any form is more than proof that the great majority of Jews have no respect for so-called Jewish segregationists, either. Safe-Driving Tips For Teenagers The National Safety Council describes a free booklet of safe-driving tips for teenagers, which is distributed by a leading American oil company and its marketing affiliates" as one of-the most important contributions to safety ever made. The tips come from professionals — the state patrolman; the test track driver, the trucker. Here are some of them: 1. Don't show off or clown behind the wheel. 2. Have guts enough behind the wheel to chicken out when common sense tells you it's time to give in. Never mind who's right — Be smart stay alivel 3. The public highways are for sharing, not competing. 4. The squeal of tires and roar of the exhaust may sound like hot stuff to a driver who needs it to build up his ego. But it tags him as strictly an amateur to the real pro. 5. The pro gives in to bad weather, bad roads, and traffic jams, and slows down. 6. Would your coach send in a player who has been drinking? Well, it goes double for driving. Remember — a half-loaded driver is more dangerous than a loaded gun. Teenagers are involved in twice as many fatal accidents for the number-of miles they drive as drivers over 25. This tragic and needless picture will change in a hurry if the young drivers will follow sound and simple tips like these. Standard Oil Company (Indiana): American Oil Company; Utah Oil Refining Company WISHING WELL Registered U. S. Patent Office. HERE is a pleasant little game that will give you a message every day. It is a numerical puzzle designed to spell out your fortune. Count the letters in your first name. If the number of letters is 6 or more, subtract 4. If the number is less than 6, add 3. The result is your Key number. Start at the upper left-hand corner ot the rectangle and check every one of your Key numbers, left to right. Then read the message the letters under the checked figures give you. SEEING and SAYING By WILLIAM FOWLKES World's Managing Editor The Eisenhower Declaration AT LAST IKE has declared his belief that racial segregation is morally wrong! Even his closest friends and warmest supporters have long been critical of the President for not directly saying he is against segregation. The South has used his apparent reluctance to express a personal opinion on segregation, as a leaning toward segregation. And, despite his sending of troops to little Rock and his insistence on support of Supreme Court rulings, Mr. Eisenhower had kept himself vulnerable to enemies who wanted something to keep up a persistent belief that the present administration is somewhat sympathetic to segregationist bigots. They have referred to his "old army days" and the racial situation of the defense forces in long since outmoded days. NOW comes Ike saying publicly that he believes racial segregation is morally wrong when it' interferes with equality of opportunity. Although he did not say his belief concerned school integration cases, the clear inference is there. As most observers now agree, although President Eisenhower appeared to be speaking a personal opinion involving racial discrimination, he, like the Supreme Court and all the federal judiciary, said that segregation and bias, based on color and race, are morally wrong. The tone of his declaration and that of the courts is that these evils must go, insincerity and bigotry notwithstanding. Despite our freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, freedom of press and other constitutional guarantees, American citizens can never be so "free" or loose that they may defy the bedrock and interlacings of our federal compact and democrary. Our top government leadership, our congress and our states must face up to the test we, ourselves, have formulated, and which a watchful world expects. Columbus C. Jackson, sergeant of color guards for the American Legion Post No. 27, this week sent out a mesage of thanks to officials of the National Sunday School and Baptist Training Union for letting the post's unit lead the Baptist parade down Main Street. Jackson said the parade was 'a grand affair, and it reminded me of Christ's march on his journey to be hanged on the cross for the sins of man." The American Legion annually psonsors "Go To The Church of your Choice" movements. Jackson is Second Vice Commander for the organization. NOT BY GUNS ALONE By E.M. Barker 1958, M. H. Barker; published by arrangement with Paul R. Reynolds & Son; distributed by King Features Syndicate A QUICK search of the sheep sheds and barn had netted no trace of the carcass, and now Slade Considine was faced with the necessity of again abusing Frenchy'a hospitality. It was a Job he hated to do, for in spite of the innate sheepman-cowman prejudice, he liked Frenchy Quebedeaux. When he threw open the door and saw that the fancy bedroom was just as Frenchy bad left it last night, his first feeling was one of relief. Then as his eyes swept on around the room he noticed that one edge of the rug was wrinkled as if it had been hurriedly thrown back in place, and on one of the big yellowish tan flowers was a dark spot that shouldn't have been there. He bent over and examined it closer and saw two other spots, spaced about the width of a man's hand, as if bloody fingers had pulled it back in place. Slade threw back the rug and saw the trap door underneath. It opened upward, swinging easily on well-oiled hinges, like everything else on the place bearing witness to Frenchy's painstaking workmanship. The air from below was cold and damp. Slade struck a match, cupped his hand around it andstarted down the concrete steps. The cellar was small, not more than six or seven feet square and barely deep enough to clear the cowboy's head when he stood straight. Against one concrete wall were sturdy shelves neatly stacked with canned fruit. A half-dozen lumpy gunny sacks in one corner Slade judged probably held root vegetables from Frenchy's last year's garden. And from the heavy rafters overhead, hung a couple of cured hams, half a sheep, and — the quartered meat of a freshly butchered calf! Slade struck another match and kicked at the fresh red hide in the corner until he could see Wynn Thomason's T Anchor brand. Then he turned and went back up the stairs. He had found what he had expected. He had solved at least a part of the mystery of the rustling In the Chupaderos — but somehow he didn't feel very well satisfied about it. He kept remembering the gentleness that was under Frenchy's rough exterior, the streak of almost womanish sentimentality that somehow didn't fit in very well with this kind of sneaking crookedness. He saddled the sway-backed bay, but before he mounted his own little sorrel again he fingered the gun at his hip, saw that it was riding high, where it could come out easy and quick. Slade didn't pretend to be a gunman. He had worn a gun almost constantly since he was fifteen but he had never pointed it at a human being in his life. But he knew how to use it, and remembering Frenchy's violent, sudden temper, he thought he was likely to need it. Frenchy probably wouldn't be the kind to submit tamely to arrest. But about that he was mistaken. When Slade got down to the little , Frenchy, sweating and swearing, was just coming back from a rock-throwing chase of a big, brindled bull. Bacho, a foolish, vacant grin on his face, was sitting by the edge of the creek, under a big cottonwood tree. His clothes were sopping wet, he was shivering, and half talking to himself. Frenchy threw a furious look in his direction, and swore again. "Some day I keel somebody! If I know who geeve Bacho that wheeskey, I keel him now!" He flung out a hamlike arm, point ing down to the huddled, bleating sheep. "That bull make fight weeth Shep an' keel two my sheeps — while Bacho he seets there an' geegle!" He strode over to the little herder, grabbed him by the back of his collar, and threw him in the creek again. Bacho slid into the water sitting down. He stayed there a moment, then started to get up. A foot slipped on a rock and he sat down again. He grunted with pain, but this time he bent over and deliberately stuck his face in the water. Frenchy watched him. The next time Bacho staggered to his feet, the big sheepman reached out an arm and helped him to the bank, then sat him down with a jolt that ought to have made him sore for a week. Bacho shivered when the breeze struck his wet clothes. He sputtered water from his nose and mouth, wiped It off his face and hair. Frenchy's treatment had been rough, but it was also effective. In a few minutes Bacho stood up. "All right, Frenchy, I'll bring the sheep in. I'm sober now." He still staggered when he tried to walk, and his eyes were dull, but his voice sounded sensible. Slade turned to Frenchy. I hate to have to do this, Frenchy. But you're under arrest. You'll have to go in to Barrancas with me." The Frenchman swung his big head round, and his heavy brows drew together across his nose. "Arrest? Me? What for?" he rumbled. Bacho's head jerked up as if he had been hit across the back of the neck. "Now what the —?" "For butchering a T Anchor calf. I just found it in your cellar." Frenchy hunched up his shoulders and stuck his chin forward, like a turtle poking his head out of his shell. "You find a calf — in my cellar?" he repeated incredulously. He took a step forward and Slade Considine's hand dropped down near the gun at his hip and stayed there. "I found the kill up in the hills." he said quietly. "You weren't very smart, Frenchy. Anybody could have tracked that big-footed bay of yours right to your front door, with the carcass dropping blood with every step. Somehow I had you figured for a smarter woodsman than that, Frenchy." "He Jolly well is," Bacho said, his voice still a little thick. "We'll let the Justice of the Peace settle that!" In Frenchy Quebedeaux's dark eyes a brief anger had flamed then died away, leaving a look that Slade Considine didn't like. It was a look compounded of about equal parts of reproach, cold contempt and something like disgust. The Frenchman took a step towards Slade, then his eyes dropped to the gun at the cowboy's hip and he stopped, shrugging his shoulders. "I been gone from the house all day," he said quietly. "1 don' even ride the beeg bay today. I turn him a-loose in the pasture!" "I'm sorry, Frenchy," Slade said, and meant It. Frenchy's simple statement had half-way convinced him that the damning weight of the circumstantial evidence against him was somehow false — but only half-way. The Frenchman shrugged. "You say essorry — but no! You theenk thees because I am sheepman, an' you don' like sheeps." Bacho laid his hand on the big Frenchman's arm. "Don't worry, Frenchy. They will never convict you. I'll find out who is trying to frame you." Frenchy shook the hand off his arm. "All I wan' you to do eeastay sober — and watch the sheeps!" Again his eyes measured speculatively the distance between himself and Slade, then the gun at the cowboy's finger-tips. "Okay," he said. "I go." CHAPTER 14 By E.M. Barker 1958, M. H. Barker; published by arrangement with Paul R. Reynolds & Son; distributed by King Features Syndicate A QUICK search of the sheep sheds and barn had netted no trace of the carcass, and now Slade Considine was faced with the necessity of again abusing Frenchy'a hospitality. It was a Job he hated to do, for in spite of the innate sheepman-cowman prejudice, he liked Frenchy Quebedeaux. When he threw open the door and saw that the fancy bedroom was just as Frenchy bad left it last night, his first feeling was one of relief. Then as his eyes swept on around the room he noticed that one edge of the rug was wrinkled as if it had been hurriedly thrown back in place, and on one of the big yellowish tan flowers was a dark spot that shouldn't have been there. He bent over and examined it closer and saw two other spots, spaced about the width of a man's hand, as if bloody fingers had pulled it back in place. Slade threw back the rug and saw the trap door underneath. It opened upward, swinging easily on well-oiled hinges, like everything else on the place bearing witness to Frenchy's painstaking workmanship. The air from below was cold and damp. Slade struck a match, cupped his hand around it andstarted down the concrete steps. The cellar was small, not more than six or seven feet square and barely deep enough to clear the cowboy's head when he stood straight. Against one concrete wall were sturdy shelves neatly stacked with canned fruit. A half-dozen lumpy gunny sacks in one corner Slade judged probably held root vegetables from Frenchy's last year's garden. And from the heavy rafters overhead, hung a couple of cured hams, half a sheep, and — the quartered meat of a freshly butchered calf! Slade struck another match and kicked at the fresh red hide in the corner until he could see Wynn Thomason's T Anchor brand. Then he turned and went back up the stairs. He had found what he had expected. He had solved at least a part of the mystery of the rustling In the Chupaderos — but somehow he didn't feel very well satisfied about it. He kept remembering the gentleness that was under Frenchy's rough exterior, the streak of almost womanish sentimentality that somehow didn't fit in very well with this kind of sneaking crookedness. He saddled the sway-backed bay, but before he mounted his own little sorrel again he fingered the gun at his hip, saw that it was riding high, where it could come out easy and quick. Slade didn't pretend to be a gunman. He had worn a gun almost constantly since he was fifteen but he had never pointed it at a human being in his life. But he knew how to use it, and remembering Frenchy's violent, sudden temper, he thought he was likely to need it. Frenchy probably wouldn't be the kind to submit tamely to arrest. But about that he was mistaken. When Slade got down to the little , Frenchy, sweating and swearing, was just coming back from a rock-throwing chase of a big, brindled bull. Bacho, a foolish, vacant grin on his face, was sitting by the edge of the creek, under a big cottonwood tree. His clothes were sopping wet, he was shivering, and half talking to himself. Frenchy threw a furious look in his direction, and swore again. "Some day I keel somebody! If I know who geeve Bacho that wheeskey, I keel him now!" He flung out a hamlike arm, point ing down to the huddled, bleating sheep. "That bull make fight weeth Shep an' keel two my sheeps — while Bacho he seets there an' geegle!" He strode over to the little herder, grabbed him by the back of his collar, and threw him in the creek again. Bacho slid into the water sitting down. He stayed there a moment, then started to get up. A foot slipped on a rock and he sat down again. He grunted with pain, but this time he bent over and deliberately stuck his face in the water. Frenchy watched him. The next time Bacho staggered to his feet, the big sheepman reached out an arm and helped him to the bank, then sat him down with a jolt that ought to have made him sore for a week. Bacho shivered when the breeze struck his wet clothes. He sputtered water from his nose and mouth, wiped It off his face and hair. Frenchy's treatment had been rough, but it was also effective. In a few minutes Bacho stood up. "All right, Frenchy, I'll bring the sheep in. I'm sober now." He still staggered when he tried to walk, and his eyes were dull, but his voice sounded sensible. Slade turned to Frenchy. I hate to have to do this, Frenchy. But you're under arrest. You'll have to go in to Barrancas with me." The Frenchman swung his big head round, and his heavy brows drew together across his nose. "Arrest? Me? What for?" he rumbled. Bacho's head jerked up as if he had been hit across the back of the neck. "Now what the —?" "For butchering a T Anchor calf. I just found it in your cellar." Frenchy hunched up his shoulders and stuck his chin forward, like a turtle poking his head out of his shell. "You find a calf — in my cellar?" he repeated incredulously. He took a step forward and Slade Considine's hand dropped down near the gun at his hip and stayed there. "I found the kill up in the hills." he said quietly. "You weren't very smart, Frenchy. Anybody could have tracked that big-footed bay of yours right to your front door, with the carcass dropping blood with every step. Somehow I had you figured for a smarter woodsman than that, Frenchy." "He Jolly well is," Bacho said, his voice still a little thick. "We'll let the Justice of the Peace settle that!" In Frenchy Quebedeaux's dark eyes a brief anger had flamed then died away, leaving a look that Slade Considine didn't like. It was a look compounded of about equal parts of reproach, cold contempt and something like disgust. The Frenchman took a step towards Slade, then his eyes dropped to the gun at the cowboy's hip and he stopped, shrugging his shoulders. "I been gone from the house all day," he said quietly. "1 don' even ride the beeg bay today. I turn him a-loose in the pasture!" "I'm sorry, Frenchy," Slade said, and meant It. Frenchy's simple statement had half-way convinced him that the damning weight of the circumstantial evidence against him was somehow false — but only half-way. The Frenchman shrugged. "You say essorry — but no! You theenk thees because I am sheepman, an' you don' like sheeps." Bacho laid his hand on the big Frenchman's arm. "Don't worry, Frenchy. They will never convict you. I'll find out who is trying to frame you." Frenchy shook the hand off his arm. "All I wan' you to do eeastay sober — and watch the sheeps!" Again his eyes measured speculatively the distance between himself and Slade, then the gun at the cowboy's finger-tips. "Okay," he said. "I go." ONCE BITTEN, TWICE SHY After a man he arrested bit him on the nose, Marlin Mitton, a federal revenue agent, resigned. Jimmy Hoffa's Union the same warehouse that his employer was operating from previously, under the name of R. Hill and on Transport Co. Hill testified that he first hauled steel for a company in Detroit. When it went out of business, he said, he started to haul steel for the Ohio Northern Truck Lines out of Youngstown, Ohio. That company is owned by Jake Protetch. When he went to work for Ohio Northern, Hill said, he paid up his dues in local 337 and placed h's transfer in the office of local 299, both in Detroit. At the time, he stated, officers of local 299 were attending a convention. Before they returned, he made two trips to Youngstown as a member of local 299. After he returned from his second trip to Youngstown, Hill-testified, the steward told him he could not take out any more loads and could not work for Ohio Northern any longer. Hill said he asked why. The steward replied, Hill testified, that the business agent had told him that local 299 wanted no colored members. The next day he visited the office of Ohio Northern and heard the business agent of local 299 tell. Protetch 'that there were "too many colored brokers out of Detroit." According to Hill. Protetch told the agent that Hill was the only one and asked what was the reason. Hill said the agent told Protetch that "We Just don't want him in the local." Protetch arranged for Hill to join local 337 in Youngstown. Hill said he took loads into Detroit but had to stay away from the Ohio Northern Terminal which was operated by local 239 and deadhead pack to Youngstown. Previously, he took a load and picked up another. Because local 299 would not allow him to pick up cargoes, Hill testfled, he went broke and had to sell his truck, his car and home, and go to work for Protetch as a driver. He moved to California in 1957. The committee has an affidavit from Protetch which states: "If I wanted to hire a colored driver or owner-operator in Detroit, I would have to send him to Youngstown, Canton or Cleveland to get him into the Teamsters because locall 299 would not take colored drivers." Protetch added that he wanted to hire Hill but local 299 refused have Hill go to Youngstown and him membership, and he had to join local 337. Threats of reprisals were continuasly made. Protetch said, but he kept sending colored drivers into Detroit. He did not recall that any of the threats was carried out. Hill testified that he had no actual knowledge of the trucks of colored drivers being sabotaged, but he had "a lot of strange breakdowns." He testified that there were five colored drivers in local 299 in a total membership of 12,000 or 13,000. The committee also has affidavits from Victor Sharpe, formerly operations manager for Fleet Carriers, Inc. and Mrs. Charles Stovall, who owned and operated a truck in Detroit at the same time Hill did. Sharpe said he sent colored applicant to local 289. "Shortly afterwards," he Said, "a couple of fellows came over from local 239. They told me in no uncertain terms not to ever again send over any colored applicant as they wanted no part of them. After that I complied with their demands." Mrs. Stovall in her affidavit said she hired colored over-the-road drivers who lived in Detroit and referred them to local 299 for union membership. "We were told by these drivers that local 299 always told them, when they applied for membership, that they could not be accepted because the membership was filled. NO COLORED MEMBERS the same warehouse that his employer was operating from previously, under the name of R. Hill and on Transport Co. Hill testified that he first hauled steel for a company in Detroit. When it went out of business, he said, he started to haul steel for the Ohio Northern Truck Lines out of Youngstown, Ohio. That company is owned by Jake Protetch. When he went to work for Ohio Northern, Hill said, he paid up his dues in local 337 and placed h's transfer in the office of local 299, both in Detroit. At the time, he stated, officers of local 299 were attending a convention. Before they returned, he made two trips to Youngstown as a member of local 299. After he returned from his second trip to Youngstown, Hill-testified, the steward told him he could not take out any more loads and could not work for Ohio Northern any longer. Hill said he asked why. The steward replied, Hill testified, that the business agent had told him that local 299 wanted no colored members. The next day he visited the office of Ohio Northern and heard the business agent of local 299 tell. Protetch 'that there were "too many colored brokers out of Detroit." According to Hill. Protetch told the agent that Hill was the only one and asked what was the reason. Hill said the agent told Protetch that "We Just don't want him in the local." Protetch arranged for Hill to join local 337 in Youngstown. Hill said he took loads into Detroit but had to stay away from the Ohio Northern Terminal which was operated by local 239 and deadhead pack to Youngstown. Previously, he took a load and picked up another. Because local 299 would not allow him to pick up cargoes, Hill testfled, he went broke and had to sell his truck, his car and home, and go to work for Protetch as a driver. He moved to California in 1957. The committee has an affidavit from Protetch which states: "If I wanted to hire a colored driver or owner-operator in Detroit, I would have to send him to Youngstown, Canton or Cleveland to get him into the Teamsters because locall 299 would not take colored drivers." Protetch added that he wanted to hire Hill but local 299 refused have Hill go to Youngstown and him membership, and he had to join local 337. Threats of reprisals were continuasly made. Protetch said, but he kept sending colored drivers into Detroit. He did not recall that any of the threats was carried out. Hill testified that he had no actual knowledge of the trucks of colored drivers being sabotaged, but he had "a lot of strange breakdowns." He testified that there were five colored drivers in local 299 in a total membership of 12,000 or 13,000. The committee also has affidavits from Victor Sharpe, formerly operations manager for Fleet Carriers, Inc. and Mrs. Charles Stovall, who owned and operated a truck in Detroit at the same time Hill did. Sharpe said he sent colored applicant to local 289. "Shortly afterwards," he Said, "a couple of fellows came over from local 239. They told me in no uncertain terms not to ever again send over any colored applicant as they wanted no part of them. After that I complied with their demands." Mrs. Stovall in her affidavit said she hired colored over-the-road drivers who lived in Detroit and referred them to local 299 for union membership. "We were told by these drivers that local 299 always told them, when they applied for membership, that they could not be accepted because the membership was filled. WOULDN'T TAKE NEGROES the same warehouse that his employer was operating from previously, under the name of R. Hill and on Transport Co. Hill testified that he first hauled steel for a company in Detroit. When it went out of business, he said, he started to haul steel for the Ohio Northern Truck Lines out of Youngstown, Ohio. That company is owned by Jake Protetch. When he went to work for Ohio Northern, Hill said, he paid up his dues in local 337 and placed h's transfer in the office of local 299, both in Detroit. At the time, he stated, officers of local 299 were attending a convention. Before they returned, he made two trips to Youngstown as a member of local 299. After he returned from his second trip to Youngstown, Hill-testified, the steward told him he could not take out any more loads and could not work for Ohio Northern any longer. Hill said he asked why. The steward replied, Hill testified, that the business agent had told him that local 299 wanted no colored members. The next day he visited the office of Ohio Northern and heard the business agent of local 299 tell. Protetch 'that there were "too many colored brokers out of Detroit." According to Hill. Protetch told the agent that Hill was the only one and asked what was the reason. Hill said the agent told Protetch that "We Just don't want him in the local." Protetch arranged for Hill to join local 337 in Youngstown. Hill said he took loads into Detroit but had to stay away from the Ohio Northern Terminal which was operated by local 239 and deadhead pack to Youngstown. Previously, he took a load and picked up another. Because local 299 would not allow him to pick up cargoes, Hill testfled, he went broke and had to sell his truck, his car and home, and go to work for Protetch as a driver. He moved to California in 1957. The committee has an affidavit from Protetch which states: "If I wanted to hire a colored driver or owner-operator in Detroit, I would have to send him to Youngstown, Canton or Cleveland to get him into the Teamsters because locall 299 would not take colored drivers." Protetch added that he wanted to hire Hill but local 299 refused have Hill go to Youngstown and him membership, and he had to join local 337. Threats of reprisals were continuasly made. Protetch said, but he kept sending colored drivers into Detroit. He did not recall that any of the threats was carried out. Hill testified that he had no actual knowledge of the trucks of colored drivers being sabotaged, but he had "a lot of strange breakdowns." He testified that there were five colored drivers in local 299 in a total membership of 12,000 or 13,000. The committee also has affidavits from Victor Sharpe, formerly operations manager for Fleet Carriers, Inc. and Mrs. Charles Stovall, who owned and operated a truck in Detroit at the same time Hill did. Sharpe said he sent colored applicant to local 289. "Shortly afterwards," he Said, "a couple of fellows came over from local 239. They told me in no uncertain terms not to ever again send over any colored applicant as they wanted no part of them. After that I complied with their demands." Mrs. Stovall in her affidavit said she hired colored over-the-road drivers who lived in Detroit and referred them to local 299 for union membership. "We were told by these drivers that local 299 always told them, when they applied for membership, that they could not be accepted because the membership was filled. NO COLORED APPLICANT the same warehouse that his employer was operating from previously, under the name of R. Hill and on Transport Co. Hill testified that he first hauled steel for a company in Detroit. When it went out of business, he said, he started to haul steel for the Ohio Northern Truck Lines out of Youngstown, Ohio. That company is owned by Jake Protetch. When he went to work for Ohio Northern, Hill said, he paid up his dues in local 337 and placed h's transfer in the office of local 299, both in Detroit. At the time, he stated, officers of local 299 were attending a convention. Before they returned, he made two trips to Youngstown as a member of local 299. After he returned from his second trip to Youngstown, Hill-testified, the steward told him he could not take out any more loads and could not work for Ohio Northern any longer. Hill said he asked why. The steward replied, Hill testified, that the business agent had told him that local 299 wanted no colored members. The next day he visited the office of Ohio Northern and heard the business agent of local 299 tell. Protetch 'that there were "too many colored brokers out of Detroit." According to Hill. Protetch told the agent that Hill was the only one and asked what was the reason. Hill said the agent told Protetch that "We Just don't want him in the local." Protetch arranged for Hill to join local 337 in Youngstown. Hill said he took loads into Detroit but had to stay away from the Ohio Northern Terminal which was operated by local 239 and deadhead pack to Youngstown. Previously, he took a load and picked up another. Because local 299 would not allow him to pick up cargoes, Hill testfled, he went broke and had to sell his truck, his car and home, and go to work for Protetch as a driver. He moved to California in 1957. The committee has an affidavit from Protetch which states: "If I wanted to hire a colored driver or owner-operator in Detroit, I would have to send him to Youngstown, Canton or Cleveland to get him into the Teamsters because locall 299 would not take colored drivers." Protetch added that he wanted to hire Hill but local 299 refused have Hill go to Youngstown and him membership, and he had to join local 337. Threats of reprisals were continuasly made. Protetch said, but he kept sending colored drivers into Detroit. He did not recall that any of the threats was carried out. Hill testified that he had no actual knowledge of the trucks of colored drivers being sabotaged, but he had "a lot of strange breakdowns." He testified that there were five colored drivers in local 299 in a total membership of 12,000 or 13,000. The committee also has affidavits from Victor Sharpe, formerly operations manager for Fleet Carriers, Inc. and Mrs. Charles Stovall, who owned and operated a truck in Detroit at the same time Hill did. Sharpe said he sent colored applicant to local 289. "Shortly afterwards," he Said, "a couple of fellows came over from local 239. They told me in no uncertain terms not to ever again send over any colored applicant as they wanted no part of them. After that I complied with their demands." Mrs. Stovall in her affidavit said she hired colored over-the-road drivers who lived in Detroit and referred them to local 299 for union membership. "We were told by these drivers that local 299 always told them, when they applied for membership, that they could not be accepted because the membership was filled. NAACP Delegates that colored people have already exceeded that period of time. He pointed out that the first desegregation suit was brought by a colored person more than 110 years ago. The NAACP can take justifiable pride in public school desegregation in the South, even though it is only token in Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee and Texas, and with "substantial progress" in the border states of Delaware. Maryland, Missouri, Oklahoma and West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. But, he added, "as yet we have little to crow about." "Absolute defiance of law and morality," he said is still practiced in Georgia, South Carolina and Mississippi. In other areas, he added, the same result is sought by a program of containment of desegregation through the devices of pupil assignment plans and efforts to outlaw the NAACP. When and wherever some measure of desegregation becomes inevitable. Mr. Hill said, colored people will be subjected to pressure to forego the rights of colored children by persons claiming to be friends of colored people and personally to believe In desegregation. Before agreeing to compromise proposals, he said, colored persons should study them "as stonyhearted and with the same glassyeyedness" as a banker considering a $10,000 loan on an unsecured note. Senator Hugh Scott, Pennsylvania Republican, who was to speak at the Tuesday afternoon session, was detained In Washington and his speech was read for him by his administrative assistant, George Mooradian. The theme of the workshop was "Equal Justice under Law." Conrad Lynn, New York attorney for Robert Williams, the North Carolina NAACP president who was suspended from office, pointed out that there is rising violence against colored people in the South. Lynn wanted to know if a legal impasse had not been reached and whether colored people must seek other methods in addition to court action to gain full citizenship. The import of the question apparently caught Mr. Hill off base. He replied that added emphasis must be given to voting in the South. Another questioner put his question more bluntly. He asked whether it was not a standing rule of law that equal or like force may be used to protect life and property and whether it would be wrong to condone an Individual who uses force to protect his life or property. Robert L. Carter, special counsel for the NAACP, who was presiding, ruled the question out of order. He said the workshop was to discuss the issues of desegregation. The questioner, Mr. Carter, said had raised an issue of policy which was pending before the policy committee. He added that he would entertain no discussion of that kind. Earl B. Dickerson, Chicago attorney, a member of the NAACP National Board of Directors, presided at the afternoon session. The discussants included Mr. Carter, Elwood S. McKenney of Boston George Howard of Pine Bluff, Ark., and Charles S. Black, a member of the Yale Law School faculty. The consultants Included W Lester Banks of Richmond, Va. Father Theodore R. Gibson of Miami. Fla., Austin T. Walden of Atlanta, and C. R. Darden of Meridian, Miss. The Tuesday morning general workshop concerned "Open Occupancy in Housing." Charles Abrams former chairman of the New York State Commission Against Discrimination, told the workshop that the most critical aspects of the rights issue was the place of "law" as an instrument for protecting such rights. Mr. Abrams attacked President Eisenhower's news conference statement of June 9 that he "has very little faith in the ability of statutory law to change the human heart, or to eliminate prejudice." Praising Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller for his approval at the Monday night mass meeting of legislation at the next session of the New York General Assembly to outlaw discrimination in private housing. Abrams said Governor Rockefeller's position on the role of statutory law contrasts sharply of the President. "President Eisenhower's position," Abrams said, "threatens not only to lose for America the ethical gains it has made to extend equal rights and privileges to all people, but has also spurred a collapse of the post-war movement toward a universal morality based on equality for all." Robert C. Weaver, housing consultant end former New York state Rent Administrator on open occupancy housing said while racial patterns vary from city to city. NAACP housing policy is clear and unusual. "We oppose forced residential segregation and we stand for open occupancy," Dr. Weaver said. Frank Home, executive director of the Mayor's Commission on Intergroup Relations, presided at the housing session. The discussants included Jack E. Wood, race relations consultant with the New York City Housing Authority, New York City, and Jack E. Wood, NA ACP special assistant on housing Consultants included Samuel Jackson, Topeka, Kan.; Mrs. Frances Levenson, New York City; Dr. Booker T. McGraw, a Washing ton, D. C; Frank Morris, Boston George Nesbitt, Washington; Mrs. Ann Roberts, New York City: Philip G. Sadler. Washington; Alfred E. Smith, New York City, and Dr. George W. Snowden, Washington. Governor Rockefeller told the Monday night mass meeting that he is convinced that New York State should adopt a law prohibiting racial discrimination in multiple dwelling private housing patterned after the New York City law. "To achieve this," he said, "I shall make recommendations to the State Legislature at its session next January," Governor Rockefeller said. The Governor told the convention that he has followed New York City's experience closely. "For I believe every American citizen should be able to live where his heart desires and his means permit. "The New York City law has worked well and I am convinced that the State should adopt its principles even though alterations might be needed where statewide variations dictate. Continuing, Rockefeller said: "I believe segregation is on its way out in the nation. Furthermore I believe that other forms of racial discrimination are on their way out. "The historic decision of the Supreme Court in 1954 outlawing segregation in the public schools has provided a powerful impetus toward full realization of the American promise." Dr. Channing H. Tobias was ill and his keynote speech to the convention was read by Dr. Weaver. THROUGH DEVICES that colored people have already exceeded that period of time. He pointed out that the first desegregation suit was brought by a colored person more than 110 years ago. The NAACP can take justifiable pride in public school desegregation in the South, even though it is only token in Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee and Texas, and with "substantial progress" in the border states of Delaware. Maryland, Missouri, Oklahoma and West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. But, he added, "as yet we have little to crow about." "Absolute defiance of law and morality," he said is still practiced in Georgia, South Carolina and Mississippi. In other areas, he added, the same result is sought by a program of containment of desegregation through the devices of pupil assignment plans and efforts to outlaw the NAACP. When and wherever some measure of desegregation becomes inevitable. Mr. Hill said, colored people will be subjected to pressure to forego the rights of colored children by persons claiming to be friends of colored people and personally to believe In desegregation. Before agreeing to compromise proposals, he said, colored persons should study them "as stonyhearted and with the same glassyeyedness" as a banker considering a $10,000 loan on an unsecured note. Senator Hugh Scott, Pennsylvania Republican, who was to speak at the Tuesday afternoon session, was detained In Washington and his speech was read for him by his administrative assistant, George Mooradian. The theme of the workshop was "Equal Justice under Law." Conrad Lynn, New York attorney for Robert Williams, the North Carolina NAACP president who was suspended from office, pointed out that there is rising violence against colored people in the South. Lynn wanted to know if a legal impasse had not been reached and whether colored people must seek other methods in addition to court action to gain full citizenship. The import of the question apparently caught Mr. Hill off base. He replied that added emphasis must be given to voting in the South. Another questioner put his question more bluntly. He asked whether it was not a standing rule of law that equal or like force may be used to protect life and property and whether it would be wrong to condone an Individual who uses force to protect his life or property. Robert L. Carter, special counsel for the NAACP, who was presiding, ruled the question out of order. He said the workshop was to discuss the issues of desegregation. The questioner, Mr. Carter, said had raised an issue of policy which was pending before the policy committee. He added that he would entertain no discussion of that kind. Earl B. Dickerson, Chicago attorney, a member of the NAACP National Board of Directors, presided at the afternoon session. The discussants included Mr. Carter, Elwood S. McKenney of Boston George Howard of Pine Bluff, Ark., and Charles S. Black, a member of the Yale Law School faculty. The consultants Included W Lester Banks of Richmond, Va. Father Theodore R. Gibson of Miami. Fla., Austin T. Walden of Atlanta, and C. R. Darden of Meridian, Miss. The Tuesday morning general workshop concerned "Open Occupancy in Housing." Charles Abrams former chairman of the New York State Commission Against Discrimination, told the workshop that the most critical aspects of the rights issue was the place of "law" as an instrument for protecting such rights. Mr. Abrams attacked President Eisenhower's news conference statement of June 9 that he "has very little faith in the ability of statutory law to change the human heart, or to eliminate prejudice." Praising Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller for his approval at the Monday night mass meeting of legislation at the next session of the New York General Assembly to outlaw discrimination in private housing. Abrams said Governor Rockefeller's position on the role of statutory law contrasts sharply of the President. "President Eisenhower's position," Abrams said, "threatens not only to lose for America the ethical gains it has made to extend equal rights and privileges to all people, but has also spurred a collapse of the post-war movement toward a universal morality based on equality for all." Robert C. Weaver, housing consultant end former New York state Rent Administrator on open occupancy housing said while racial patterns vary from city to city. NAACP housing policy is clear and unusual. "We oppose forced residential segregation and we stand for open occupancy," Dr. Weaver said. Frank Home, executive director of the Mayor's Commission on Intergroup Relations, presided at the housing session. The discussants included Jack E. Wood, race relations consultant with the New York City Housing Authority, New York City, and Jack E. Wood, NA ACP special assistant on housing Consultants included Samuel Jackson, Topeka, Kan.; Mrs. Frances Levenson, New York City; Dr. Booker T. McGraw, a Washing ton, D. C; Frank Morris, Boston George Nesbitt, Washington; Mrs. Ann Roberts, New York City: Philip G. Sadler. Washington; Alfred E. Smith, New York City, and Dr. George W. Snowden, Washington. Governor Rockefeller told the Monday night mass meeting that he is convinced that New York State should adopt a law prohibiting racial discrimination in multiple dwelling private housing patterned after the New York City law. "To achieve this," he said, "I shall make recommendations to the State Legislature at its session next January," Governor Rockefeller said. The Governor told the convention that he has followed New York City's experience closely. "For I believe every American citizen should be able to live where his heart desires and his means permit. "The New York City law has worked well and I am convinced that the State should adopt its principles even though alterations might be needed where statewide variations dictate. Continuing, Rockefeller said: "I believe segregation is on its way out in the nation. Furthermore I believe that other forms of racial discrimination are on their way out. "The historic decision of the Supreme Court in 1954 outlawing segregation in the public schools has provided a powerful impetus toward full realization of the American promise." Dr. Channing H. Tobias was ill and his keynote speech to the convention was read by Dr. Weaver. DICKERSON PRESIDED that colored people have already exceeded that period of time. He pointed out that the first desegregation suit was brought by a colored person more than 110 years ago. The NAACP can take justifiable pride in public school desegregation in the South, even though it is only token in Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee and Texas, and with "substantial progress" in the border states of Delaware. Maryland, Missouri, Oklahoma and West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. But, he added, "as yet we have little to crow about." "Absolute defiance of law and morality," he said is still practiced in Georgia, South Carolina and Mississippi. In other areas, he added, the same result is sought by a program of containment of desegregation through the devices of pupil assignment plans and efforts to outlaw the NAACP. When and wherever some measure of desegregation becomes inevitable. Mr. Hill said, colored people will be subjected to pressure to forego the rights of colored children by persons claiming to be friends of colored people and personally to believe In desegregation. Before agreeing to compromise proposals, he said, colored persons should study them "as stonyhearted and with the same glassyeyedness" as a banker considering a $10,000 loan on an unsecured note. Senator Hugh Scott, Pennsylvania Republican, who was to speak at the Tuesday afternoon session, was detained In Washington and his speech was read for him by his administrative assistant, George Mooradian. The theme of the workshop was "Equal Justice under Law." Conrad Lynn, New York attorney for Robert Williams, the North Carolina NAACP president who was suspended from office, pointed out that there is rising violence against colored people in the South. Lynn wanted to know if a legal impasse had not been reached and whether colored people must seek other methods in addition to court action to gain full citizenship. The import of the question apparently caught Mr. Hill off base. He replied that added emphasis must be given to voting in the South. Another questioner put his question more bluntly. He asked whether it was not a standing rule of law that equal or like force may be used to protect life and property and whether it would be wrong to condone an Individual who uses force to protect his life or property. Robert L. Carter, special counsel for the NAACP, who was presiding, ruled the question out of order. He said the workshop was to discuss the issues of desegregation. The questioner, Mr. Carter, said had raised an issue of policy which was pending before the policy committee. He added that he would entertain no discussion of that kind. Earl B. Dickerson, Chicago attorney, a member of the NAACP National Board of Directors, presided at the afternoon session. The discussants included Mr. Carter, Elwood S. McKenney of Boston George Howard of Pine Bluff, Ark., and Charles S. Black, a member of the Yale Law School faculty. The consultants Included W Lester Banks of Richmond, Va. Father Theodore R. Gibson of Miami. Fla., Austin T. Walden of Atlanta, and C. R. Darden of Meridian, Miss. The Tuesday morning general workshop concerned "Open Occupancy in Housing." Charles Abrams former chairman of the New York State Commission Against Discrimination, told the workshop that the most critical aspects of the rights issue was the place of "law" as an instrument for protecting such rights. Mr. Abrams attacked President Eisenhower's news conference statement of June 9 that he "has very little faith in the ability of statutory law to change the human heart, or to eliminate prejudice." Praising Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller for his approval at the Monday night mass meeting of legislation at the next session of the New York General Assembly to outlaw discrimination in private housing. Abrams said Governor Rockefeller's position on the role of statutory law contrasts sharply of the President. "President Eisenhower's position," Abrams said, "threatens not only to lose for America the ethical gains it has made to extend equal rights and privileges to all people, but has also spurred a collapse of the post-war movement toward a universal morality based on equality for all." Robert C. Weaver, housing consultant end former New York state Rent Administrator on open occupancy housing said while racial patterns vary from city to city. NAACP housing policy is clear and unusual. "We oppose forced residential segregation and we stand for open occupancy," Dr. Weaver said. Frank Home, executive director of the Mayor's Commission on Intergroup Relations, presided at the housing session. The discussants included Jack E. Wood, race relations consultant with the New York City Housing Authority, New York City, and Jack E. Wood, NA ACP special assistant on housing Consultants included Samuel Jackson, Topeka, Kan.; Mrs. Frances Levenson, New York City; Dr. Booker T. McGraw, a Washing ton, D. C; Frank Morris, Boston George Nesbitt, Washington; Mrs. Ann Roberts, New York City: Philip G. Sadler. Washington; Alfred E. Smith, New York City, and Dr. George W. Snowden, Washington. Governor Rockefeller told the Monday night mass meeting that he is convinced that New York State should adopt a law prohibiting racial discrimination in multiple dwelling private housing patterned after the New York City law. "To achieve this," he said, "I shall make recommendations to the State Legislature at its session next January," Governor Rockefeller said. The Governor told the convention that he has followed New York City's experience closely. "For I believe every American citizen should be able to live where his heart desires and his means permit. "The New York City law has worked well and I am convinced that the State should adopt its principles even though alterations might be needed where statewide variations dictate. Continuing, Rockefeller said: "I believe segregation is on its way out in the nation. Furthermore I believe that other forms of racial discrimination are on their way out. "The historic decision of the Supreme Court in 1954 outlawing segregation in the public schools has provided a powerful impetus toward full realization of the American promise." Dr. Channing H. Tobias was ill and his keynote speech to the convention was read by Dr. Weaver. RACIAL PATTERNS that colored people have already exceeded that period of time. He pointed out that the first desegregation suit was brought by a colored person more than 110 years ago. The NAACP can take justifiable pride in public school desegregation in the South, even though it is only token in Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee and Texas, and with "substantial progress" in the border states of Delaware. Maryland, Missouri, Oklahoma and West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. But, he added, "as yet we have little to crow about." "Absolute defiance of law and morality," he said is still practiced in Georgia, South Carolina and Mississippi. In other areas, he added, the same result is sought by a program of containment of desegregation through the devices of pupil assignment plans and efforts to outlaw the NAACP. When and wherever some measure of desegregation becomes inevitable. Mr. Hill said, colored people will be subjected to pressure to forego the rights of colored children by persons claiming to be friends of colored people and personally to believe In desegregation. Before agreeing to compromise proposals, he said, colored persons should study them "as stonyhearted and with the same glassyeyedness" as a banker considering a $10,000 loan on an unsecured note. Senator Hugh Scott, Pennsylvania Republican, who was to speak at the Tuesday afternoon session, was detained In Washington and his speech was read for him by his administrative assistant, George Mooradian. The theme of the workshop was "Equal Justice under Law." Conrad Lynn, New York attorney for Robert Williams, the North Carolina NAACP president who was suspended from office, pointed out that there is rising violence against colored people in the South. Lynn wanted to know if a legal impasse had not been reached and whether colored people must seek other methods in addition to court action to gain full citizenship. The import of the question apparently caught Mr. Hill off base. He replied that added emphasis must be given to voting in the South. Another questioner put his question more bluntly. He asked whether it was not a standing rule of law that equal or like force may be used to protect life and property and whether it would be wrong to condone an Individual who uses force to protect his life or property. Robert L. Carter, special counsel for the NAACP, who was presiding, ruled the question out of order. He said the workshop was to discuss the issues of desegregation. The questioner, Mr. Carter, said had raised an issue of policy which was pending before the policy committee. He added that he would entertain no discussion of that kind. Earl B. Dickerson, Chicago attorney, a member of the NAACP National Board of Directors, presided at the afternoon session. The discussants included Mr. Carter, Elwood S. McKenney of Boston George Howard of Pine Bluff, Ark., and Charles S. Black, a member of the Yale Law School faculty. The consultants Included W Lester Banks of Richmond, Va. Father Theodore R. Gibson of Miami. Fla., Austin T. Walden of Atlanta, and C. R. Darden of Meridian, Miss. The Tuesday morning general workshop concerned "Open Occupancy in Housing." Charles Abrams former chairman of the New York State Commission Against Discrimination, told the workshop that the most critical aspects of the rights issue was the place of "law" as an instrument for protecting such rights. Mr. Abrams attacked President Eisenhower's news conference statement of June 9 that he "has very little faith in the ability of statutory law to change the human heart, or to eliminate prejudice." Praising Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller for his approval at the Monday night mass meeting of legislation at the next session of the New York General Assembly to outlaw discrimination in private housing. Abrams said Governor Rockefeller's position on the role of statutory law contrasts sharply of the President. "President Eisenhower's position," Abrams said, "threatens not only to lose for America the ethical gains it has made to extend equal rights and privileges to all people, but has also spurred a collapse of the post-war movement toward a universal morality based on equality for all." Robert C. Weaver, housing consultant end former New York state Rent Administrator on open occupancy housing said while racial patterns vary from city to city. NAACP housing policy is clear and unusual. "We oppose forced residential segregation and we stand for open occupancy," Dr. Weaver said. Frank Home, executive director of the Mayor's Commission on Intergroup Relations, presided at the housing session. The discussants included Jack E. Wood, race relations consultant with the New York City Housing Authority, New York City, and Jack E. Wood, NA ACP special assistant on housing Consultants included Samuel Jackson, Topeka, Kan.; Mrs. Frances Levenson, New York City; Dr. Booker T. McGraw, a Washing ton, D. C; Frank Morris, Boston George Nesbitt, Washington; Mrs. Ann Roberts, New York City: Philip G. Sadler. Washington; Alfred E. Smith, New York City, and Dr. George W. Snowden, Washington. Governor Rockefeller told the Monday night mass meeting that he is convinced that New York State should adopt a law prohibiting racial discrimination in multiple dwelling private housing patterned after the New York City law. "To achieve this," he said, "I shall make recommendations to the State Legislature at its session next January," Governor Rockefeller said. The Governor told the convention that he has followed New York City's experience closely. "For I believe every American citizen should be able to live where his heart desires and his means permit. "The New York City law has worked well and I am convinced that the State should adopt its principles even though alterations might be needed where statewide variations dictate. Continuing, Rockefeller said: "I believe segregation is on its way out in the nation. Furthermore I believe that other forms of racial discrimination are on their way out. "The historic decision of the Supreme Court in 1954 outlawing segregation in the public schools has provided a powerful impetus toward full realization of the American promise." Dr. Channing H. Tobias was ill and his keynote speech to the convention was read by Dr. Weaver. Candidates Have Albert Boskey, a Grace Chemical Company employee of Frayser; and Partee Fleming, owner of a furniture store. Eight persons are seeking the Commissioner of Public Works post. They are: Atty. Russell B. Sugarmon, Jr.; John Ford Canale, William B. Fowler, William Farris. Sam L. Clark, A. W. "Ott' Anderson, Samuel Hawkins, and Bern E. Chambers. Four are angling for the position of Commissioner of Finance and Institution. They are: incumbent Commissioner Stanley Dillard; C. E. Hurley, James W. Moore and Malone Sims. Only one person has declared his candidacy for the Commission of Fire and Police. He is incumbent Commissioner Claude Armour. Two have declared desires to be Commissioner of Public Service. They are incumbent Commissioner John T. Dwyer; and Lewis Taliaferro. Five candidates are in the race for Judge of Juvenile Court. They are: incumbent Judge Elizabeth McCain, Atty. Ben L. Hooks Mrs. Ila Huff, Robert V. Bickers and Joseph B. McCartie. Only one has announced for City Court Judge of Division I. He is incumbent Judge John Colton. Two are seeking the post of City Judge of Division II. They are: Incumbent Judge Beverly Boushe; and Ray Churchill. three are competiting to be City Court Judge of Division III. They are: incumbent Judge William B. Ingram, Jr., Bernie Mullikin, Jr. and Robert Acklen. Nine persons are seeking four positions on the Board of Education. They are: The four incumbents, John Shea (postion No. 1): Mrs. Arthur Sessel, No 2; Mrs. Lawrence Coe. No. 3: Julan Boundurant. No. 4; and Rev. Henry Bunton. Roy Love. George M. Anglin, Dr. M. D. Holmes and Mason Ezzell. Three persons are desires of becoming City Tax Assessor. They are: incumbent Joe 8. Hicks, Eliehue Stanback, and George E. Lenow, Jr. Tom Erwin Jail officials also refuse to let Erwin's relatives see the condemned man except on visiting days. Or the scheduled date of Erwin's trail last June. Atty. Andrews gained a continuance in the case. A brother of Erwin, who had driven all the way from Chicago, III., to see his brother, asked for permission to see Erwin. The official snapped to him and Erwin's wife, Mrs. Mary Erwin: "I'm sorry. You'll have to come back on visiting days!" Erwin's Cleaborn Homes neighbors in Memphis, who were stunned when he was hauled over to hostile Marion, have conceded that the accused man is "in a bad fix" unless the alleged "Clarence Milam" shows up and confesses to the crime. There seems to be too much circumstantial evidence against Erwin and the prosecution is almost sure to point out that his story as to what happened on the day of the alleged assault is full of holes — unless the missing man "Milam" is found. The accused man's wife, Mrs. Mary Erwin, mother of seven small children, has remained calm through the ordeal, even in the face of her husband joining the hundreds of Other Negroes in this section of Arkansas who have gotten the electric chair sometimes because of obvious hostility to Ne groes Erwin's new trial has been set for late September. NEIGHBORS STUNNED Jail officials also refuse to let Erwin's relatives see the condemned man except on visiting days. Or the scheduled date of Erwin's trail last June. Atty. Andrews gained a continuance in the case. A brother of Erwin, who had driven all the way from Chicago, III., to see his brother, asked for permission to see Erwin. The official snapped to him and Erwin's wife, Mrs. Mary Erwin: "I'm sorry. You'll have to come back on visiting days!" Erwin's Cleaborn Homes neighbors in Memphis, who were stunned when he was hauled over to hostile Marion, have conceded that the accused man is "in a bad fix" unless the alleged "Clarence Milam" shows up and confesses to the crime. There seems to be too much circumstantial evidence against Erwin and the prosecution is almost sure to point out that his story as to what happened on the day of the alleged assault is full of holes — unless the missing man "Milam" is found. The accused man's wife, Mrs. Mary Erwin, mother of seven small children, has remained calm through the ordeal, even in the face of her husband joining the hundreds of Other Negroes in this section of Arkansas who have gotten the electric chair sometimes because of obvious hostility to Ne groes Erwin's new trial has been set for late September. Tax Supported anything which effects his congregation. If I am elected, I shall helpto desegregate public schools, here." Stanback told his audience "Memphis needs a change in its form of government. The commission form of government lends it self too easily to dictorial government He praised the "Dedicated Citizens Committee" for its sound approach to candidates." Stanback promised "If I am elected Tax Assessor, we will not spend one dollar to exhaust every legal means to maintain racial segregation. We are not going to spend one dollar paid by Negro tax-payers to beat them over the head." Frisco For Zeta Sorority Aug. 11 The Zeta Phi Beta sorority will hold a five-day boule at the Hotel Whitcombe beginning Aug. 11. Theme of the meet will be "Strengthening the Cultural. Civic and Moral Values of Today's Youth. MEMPHIS WORLD Want Ad Information Call JA. 6-4030 Deadline For Classified Ad is Tuesday for Saturday's Edition and Saturday for Wednesday's Edition REPAIR SERVICE Call as for Refrigeration Repairs, Air Conditioners, Washing Machines, Electrical, Appliances.—Fast courteous service. 1922 Madison Phone BR. 2-7617 REMODEL-REPAIR-PAINT On FHA terms. Free estimates easy payments — Carports, dent garages, rooms, enclosures, paint ing, roofing, concrete, brick paneling, siding, 'additions. Phone for estimate. Home Builders Supply Co. 820 S. willett BR 5-8128 BUSINESS WOMEN - SELL To fellow employees on lunch hoar and breaks. Add $20-530 a week to present Income. Avon Cosmetics are In demand everywhere. Call JA 5-6933. NEWSBOYS WANTED To Sell the Memphis World Tuesday and Friday. JA 8-4030. GET YOUR VITAMINS Vitamins Add Years To Life—Add Life To Years. Buy your vitamins wholesale and save 40&. Moneyback guarantee. Phone FA. 7-5742, REPAIRS All types of gas appliances installed and repaired. Williams Repair Shop, 1232 N. Bellevue. Ph.: JA. 3-1494. Licensed and Bonded. Day or night service. O. C. Williams. HELP WANTED - FEMALE Houseworkers for live-in positions. Mass., Conn., N. Y. — $30 to $50. References required. Carfare advanced. Barton Employment Bureau Great Barrington, Mass. HELP WANTED MALE - FEMALE Man or Woman, no experience needed, to teach new course. Ragans, 118 Looney Avenue. HOMES FOR SALE In Walker Homes Subdivision, this 2-bedroom house, newly decorated. Can be bought at reasonable price and easy terms, Make offer. Vacant move right in. BR. 5-7234 or BR. 5-8638 FOR SALE 48-INCH ATTIC FAN Good Condition UTILITY CABINET-FRIGIDAIRE Call BR 8-1791 FOR SALE HOUSEHOLD GOODS Apt Gas Range, $30; Sewing Machine, Utility Cabinet, Chest of Drawers, Porcelain top table, miscl. Ex 8-1533 Whitehaven FOR SALE THREE Cushion Sofa Beds, 2 display shelves, bed, linoleum. BR. 6-1511 FOR SALE 3 lots with 3 houses on them, One business place on the 3 lots which will pay for itself. 2017 Casts St, Memphis," Tenn. Phone WH 6-0882 FOR SALE — Also — Piano Tuning and Repairs 1726 Lamar BR 2-2862 LAMAR PIANO SALES — Also — Piano Tuning and Repairs 1726 Lamar BR 2-2862 CAFE FOR SALE Fine industrial location. Now serving white and colored. Can convert to all colored . . . add ing beer, can make some real money for high type colored man and wife. BR 5-5727 after 5:30 P. M. FOR SALE 2 1/2 ACRES OF LAND at 3674 Weaver Road with two new houses. WH. 6-0882