Memphis World
Memphis World Publishing Co.
1963-02-16
J. A. Beauchamp

Cong. Powell Finds
A Friend In Morse

In an almost unheard of speech
on the Senate floor last Tuesday,
Williams said various government
agencies had been scrambling
around to see who could give Mr.
Powell the most favorable deal"
He said the federal government
had been "shoveling out" the taxpayer's 
money to Powell, whose
"escapades," including a trip to
Europe with his "lady friends"
were notorious.
On Wednesday, Sen. Wayne
Morse, the Oregon Democrat, took
to the floor to "take exception" to
the Delaware Republican's comments 
about Powell.
In his opinion, Morse said, "the
speech Contained such a serious 
imputation against the character 
and reputation of a colleague
on the House side that in my
judgment ... should not stand, at
least, without a protest."
The Oregonian said he was offering 
a resolution to "expunge'
(erase) the speech of the Senator 
from Delaware from the permanent 
record of the Congerssional 
Record."
Said Morse: "What concerns me
is, What is going to happen if we
start a practice in Congress whereby 
a Senator can rise on the floor
and express his disrespects for the
members of the House, and a member 
of the House can rise and express 
his disrespects for the members 
of the Senate? What is that
going to do with legislative efficiency?" 

But the Senator from Delaware
held his ground. He said what he
was really criticizing was the manner 
in which public funds were
being misused. After all, he declared, 
"I never said one word yesterday, 
nor will I today, about his
(Powell) having relatives on the
public payroll who are not working. 
I will not mention the fact
that his wife is on the payroll, nor
will I raise the question as to whe
ther 
she does any work."
The Harlem congressman's wife
who lives Puerto Rico with their
Son, was paid (according to House
payroll records) the sum of $12,620
last year as a member of his official 
office staff.
Regarding the Morse proposal to
expunge the remarks from the record, 
Williams said it was too late,
If the Senate wanted to wipe the
remarks from the records, he said,
"the time to have done it was today. 
The Record is circulated, and
the action as shown in the Record
which has been circulated stands
as it is now."
Moving on to other business and
into weekend adjournment, the
Senate directed the Rules Committee 
to consider Morse's motion to
expunge the speech,
For all practical purposes, however, 
this meant the end of that
particular matter.
There was an even chance that
the Rules Committee would act
on another Morse proposal — one
that would amend the Senate rules
to prohiibt such personal attacks
against members in the future.

Sunday School Lesson


The purpose of our study today
is to consider Jesus' attitude toward
ceremonial and traditional religion
and to discover the elements of real
religion.
In our lesson for today we see
Jesus challenging the law and concepts 
of the Pharisees. Jesus claimed 
superiority over the law. He took
it upon himself to reinterpret it,
and even to violate it. He dared
to confront the literal text with the
immediately present will of God.
The Pharisees, by their interpretation, 
had reduced the moral demand 
of the law. They had done
this to make it apply in specific
ways to everyday life and therefore 
be easier to obey. But to reduce 
the law so that it may be
obeyed more easily is to pervert the
law. For the law is to remind man
of God's righteous demand. The
law is to point to the ideal of perfection 
that should be man's goal.
As such, it stands over man in
judgment.
What was Jesus' charge against
the people? It was that, in their
loyalty to their religious tradition,
they had rejected God's commandment. 
They were more concerned
with religious acts than with the
true worship of God. And no word
of Jesus speaks more directly to
our time. Ours is an outwardly religious 
age. At least this is true in
America. We go to church. We
publicly profess the Christian faith.
We support worthy causes and act
"religiously." But do we really love
God? do we truly worship the one
living Lord?
Our religion has tended to become 
external and institutional
How often we go through the act,
but do not truly worship! We say
the Bible is of first importance.
But we do not know what it says,
We say Jesus is Lord. But we are

ignorant of his mission and his
spirit. We, like the Pharisees, cut
our religious to fit our wants. We
comporimse the demands of God so
they are achievable, and we become
proud of our religiousness and our
goodness.
Jesus, in this lesson, is directing
attention to the inner life of man.
It is not the outward show, but
the inward motive that is important. 
Our actions ought to reveal our
love and commitment. Jesus is asking 
for the renewal of our commitment 
to God and our love of him.
He seeks absolute love and undivided 
loyatly. We are not to let anything 
— even our traditional interpretations 
— sway us from this
faithfulness.
Our problem is not simply that
we have inherited ways of interpreting 
God's will Or that we ignorantly 
accept these interpretations 
as final. Our problem is our
own will We do not Want to accept 
God's Will. We make excuses
and attempt to camouflage our selfcenteredness. 
We may try to blame
our inheritance or our environment. 
But our freedom places the
problem in us. We do not need new
wisdom; we need a new will. We
do not need new instruction; we
need a new love.
We all offend. And the divine
mercy forgives. This is what Jesus
came to say and to show. This is
not any easy forgiveness; it requires
a cross; but in this forgiveness is
our only hope. Here the grace of
God is emphasized. Jesus is a redeemer, 
not an instructor. He stands
against the law because the points
to a relationship more basic than
law. Jesus draws us into obedient
discipleship. As disciples we not
only love this Lord with a whole
heart, but we also learn to serve
him.
This lesson draws bur attention
to what is primary. The most important 
loyalty does not belong to
a traditional practice —– even a
traditional religious practice. The
first place in our loyalty belongs to
God. And Our first obligation is
to truly love him. Loving God first
releases us from all lesser loyalties, 
from ail idolatry, from wrong
commitment. Jesus calls us to go
beyond the external for of religion; 
he calls us to be committed
with a whole heart and a whole
d. Nothing else is worthy of the
One to be served:


IS YOUR RELIGION REAL?
International Sunday School Les-
son for February 17, 1963


The purpose of our study today
is to consider Jesus' attitude toward
ceremonial and traditional religion
and to discover the elements of real
religion.
In our lesson for today we see
Jesus challenging the law and concepts 
of the Pharisees. Jesus claimed 
superiority over the law. He took
it upon himself to reinterpret it,
and even to violate it. He dared
to confront the literal text with the
immediately present will of God.
The Pharisees, by their interpretation, 
had reduced the moral demand 
of the law. They had done
this to make it apply in specific
ways to everyday life and therefore 
be easier to obey. But to reduce 
the law so that it may be
obeyed more easily is to pervert the
law. For the law is to remind man
of God's righteous demand. The
law is to point to the ideal of perfection 
that should be man's goal.
As such, it stands over man in
judgment.
What was Jesus' charge against
the people? It was that, in their
loyalty to their religious tradition,
they had rejected God's commandment. 
They were more concerned
with religious acts than with the
true worship of God. And no word
of Jesus speaks more directly to
our time. Ours is an outwardly religious 
age. At least this is true in
America. We go to church. We
publicly profess the Christian faith.
We support worthy causes and act
"religiously." But do we really love
God? do we truly worship the one
living Lord?
Our religion has tended to become 
external and institutional
How often we go through the act,
but do not truly worship! We say
the Bible is of first importance.
But we do not know what it says,
We say Jesus is Lord. But we are

ignorant of his mission and his
spirit. We, like the Pharisees, cut
our religious to fit our wants. We
comporimse the demands of God so
they are achievable, and we become
proud of our religiousness and our
goodness.
Jesus, in this lesson, is directing
attention to the inner life of man.
It is not the outward show, but
the inward motive that is important. 
Our actions ought to reveal our
love and commitment. Jesus is asking 
for the renewal of our commitment 
to God and our love of him.
He seeks absolute love and undivided 
loyatly. We are not to let anything 
— even our traditional interpretations 
— sway us from this
faithfulness.
Our problem is not simply that
we have inherited ways of interpreting 
God's will Or that we ignorantly 
accept these interpretations 
as final. Our problem is our
own will We do not Want to accept 
God's Will. We make excuses
and attempt to camouflage our selfcenteredness. 
We may try to blame
our inheritance or our environment. 
But our freedom places the
problem in us. We do not need new
wisdom; we need a new will. We
do not need new instruction; we
need a new love.
We all offend. And the divine
mercy forgives. This is what Jesus
came to say and to show. This is
not any easy forgiveness; it requires
a cross; but in this forgiveness is
our only hope. Here the grace of
God is emphasized. Jesus is a redeemer, 
not an instructor. He stands
against the law because the points
to a relationship more basic than
law. Jesus draws us into obedient
discipleship. As disciples we not
only love this Lord with a whole
heart, but we also learn to serve
him.
This lesson draws bur attention
to what is primary. The most important 
loyalty does not belong to
a traditional practice —– even a
traditional religious practice. The
first place in our loyalty belongs to
God. And Our first obligation is
to truly love him. Loving God first
releases us from all lesser loyalties, 
from ail idolatry, from wrong
commitment. Jesus calls us to go
beyond the external for of religion; 
he calls us to be committed
with a whole heart and a whole
d. Nothing else is worthy of the
One to be served:


EXTERNAL RELIGION


The purpose of our study today
is to consider Jesus' attitude toward
ceremonial and traditional religion
and to discover the elements of real
religion.
In our lesson for today we see
Jesus challenging the law and concepts 
of the Pharisees. Jesus claimed 
superiority over the law. He took
it upon himself to reinterpret it,
and even to violate it. He dared
to confront the literal text with the
immediately present will of God.
The Pharisees, by their interpretation, 
had reduced the moral demand 
of the law. They had done
this to make it apply in specific
ways to everyday life and therefore 
be easier to obey. But to reduce 
the law so that it may be
obeyed more easily is to pervert the
law. For the law is to remind man
of God's righteous demand. The
law is to point to the ideal of perfection 
that should be man's goal.
As such, it stands over man in
judgment.
What was Jesus' charge against
the people? It was that, in their
loyalty to their religious tradition,
they had rejected God's commandment. 
They were more concerned
with religious acts than with the
true worship of God. And no word
of Jesus speaks more directly to
our time. Ours is an outwardly religious 
age. At least this is true in
America. We go to church. We
publicly profess the Christian faith.
We support worthy causes and act
"religiously." But do we really love
God? do we truly worship the one
living Lord?
Our religion has tended to become 
external and institutional
How often we go through the act,
but do not truly worship! We say
the Bible is of first importance.
But we do not know what it says,
We say Jesus is Lord. But we are

ignorant of his mission and his
spirit. We, like the Pharisees, cut
our religious to fit our wants. We
comporimse the demands of God so
they are achievable, and we become
proud of our religiousness and our
goodness.
Jesus, in this lesson, is directing
attention to the inner life of man.
It is not the outward show, but
the inward motive that is important. 
Our actions ought to reveal our
love and commitment. Jesus is asking 
for the renewal of our commitment 
to God and our love of him.
He seeks absolute love and undivided 
loyatly. We are not to let anything 
— even our traditional interpretations 
— sway us from this
faithfulness.
Our problem is not simply that
we have inherited ways of interpreting 
God's will Or that we ignorantly 
accept these interpretations 
as final. Our problem is our
own will We do not Want to accept 
God's Will. We make excuses
and attempt to camouflage our selfcenteredness. 
We may try to blame
our inheritance or our environment. 
But our freedom places the
problem in us. We do not need new
wisdom; we need a new will. We
do not need new instruction; we
need a new love.
We all offend. And the divine
mercy forgives. This is what Jesus
came to say and to show. This is
not any easy forgiveness; it requires
a cross; but in this forgiveness is
our only hope. Here the grace of
God is emphasized. Jesus is a redeemer, 
not an instructor. He stands
against the law because the points
to a relationship more basic than
law. Jesus draws us into obedient
discipleship. As disciples we not
only love this Lord with a whole
heart, but we also learn to serve
him.
This lesson draws bur attention
to what is primary. The most important 
loyalty does not belong to
a traditional practice —– even a
traditional religious practice. The
first place in our loyalty belongs to
God. And Our first obligation is
to truly love him. Loving God first
releases us from all lesser loyalties, 
from ail idolatry, from wrong
commitment. Jesus calls us to go
beyond the external for of religion; 
he calls us to be committed
with a whole heart and a whole
d. Nothing else is worthy of the
One to be served:


MERCY FORGIVES


The purpose of our study today
is to consider Jesus' attitude toward
ceremonial and traditional religion
and to discover the elements of real
religion.
In our lesson for today we see
Jesus challenging the law and concepts 
of the Pharisees. Jesus claimed 
superiority over the law. He took
it upon himself to reinterpret it,
and even to violate it. He dared
to confront the literal text with the
immediately present will of God.
The Pharisees, by their interpretation, 
had reduced the moral demand 
of the law. They had done
this to make it apply in specific
ways to everyday life and therefore 
be easier to obey. But to reduce 
the law so that it may be
obeyed more easily is to pervert the
law. For the law is to remind man
of God's righteous demand. The
law is to point to the ideal of perfection 
that should be man's goal.
As such, it stands over man in
judgment.
What was Jesus' charge against
the people? It was that, in their
loyalty to their religious tradition,
they had rejected God's commandment. 
They were more concerned
with religious acts than with the
true worship of God. And no word
of Jesus speaks more directly to
our time. Ours is an outwardly religious 
age. At least this is true in
America. We go to church. We
publicly profess the Christian faith.
We support worthy causes and act
"religiously." But do we really love
God? do we truly worship the one
living Lord?
Our religion has tended to become 
external and institutional
How often we go through the act,
but do not truly worship! We say
the Bible is of first importance.
But we do not know what it says,
We say Jesus is Lord. But we are

ignorant of his mission and his
spirit. We, like the Pharisees, cut
our religious to fit our wants. We
comporimse the demands of God so
they are achievable, and we become
proud of our religiousness and our
goodness.
Jesus, in this lesson, is directing
attention to the inner life of man.
It is not the outward show, but
the inward motive that is important. 
Our actions ought to reveal our
love and commitment. Jesus is asking 
for the renewal of our commitment 
to God and our love of him.
He seeks absolute love and undivided 
loyatly. We are not to let anything 
— even our traditional interpretations 
— sway us from this
faithfulness.
Our problem is not simply that
we have inherited ways of interpreting 
God's will Or that we ignorantly 
accept these interpretations 
as final. Our problem is our
own will We do not Want to accept 
God's Will. We make excuses
and attempt to camouflage our selfcenteredness. 
We may try to blame
our inheritance or our environment. 
But our freedom places the
problem in us. We do not need new
wisdom; we need a new will. We
do not need new instruction; we
need a new love.
We all offend. And the divine
mercy forgives. This is what Jesus
came to say and to show. This is
not any easy forgiveness; it requires
a cross; but in this forgiveness is
our only hope. Here the grace of
God is emphasized. Jesus is a redeemer, 
not an instructor. He stands
against the law because the points
to a relationship more basic than
law. Jesus draws us into obedient
discipleship. As disciples we not
only love this Lord with a whole
heart, but we also learn to serve
him.
This lesson draws bur attention
to what is primary. The most important 
loyalty does not belong to
a traditional practice —– even a
traditional religious practice. The
first place in our loyalty belongs to
God. And Our first obligation is
to truly love him. Loving God first
releases us from all lesser loyalties, 
from ail idolatry, from wrong
commitment. Jesus calls us to go
beyond the external for of religion; 
he calls us to be committed
with a whole heart and a whole
d. Nothing else is worthy of the
One to be served:


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Support Peace Corps
Lawyers For Africa
The
American Bar Association is supporting 
a project to recruit 40 lawyers 
to serve as Peace Corps Volunteers 
in Africa. Sargent Shriver,
corps director, praised the ABA for
this action Friday.
At its board of governors meeting 
in New Orleans, the ABA backed 
a resolution favoring a pilot
program which will place U. S.
lawyers in Nigeria, Sierre Lene,
West Cameroon, and Liberia.
The Peace Corps, according to
Shriver, already has 4,500 volunteers 
assigned to 44 countries.

AMBASSADOR SAILS—
His Excellency Mr. and
Mrs. J. Yancy and Capt. Y. Por, Master of the
S.S. Isreal, just before sailing from New York.
Mr. Yancy is the Liberian Ambassador to Isreal

and is returning after having served in the 17th
General Assembly at the United Nations in New
York.

THURGOOD MARSHALL
Thurgood Marshall Was born
July 8, 198 in Baltimore, Maryland, 
He attended the public schools
of Baltimore and graduated from
Lincoln University, Pa., in February, 
1930. From 1930 to 1933, he
was a student at the Howard University 
Law School, graduating with
the degree of LLB. in 1933.
Soon after graduation, Mr. Marshall 
began the practice of law in
Baltimore. In 1934, he became
counsel for the Baltimore branch
of the N.A.A.C.P.; and, in 1936, was
appointed assistant special counsel
for the N.A.A.C.P. His most effective 
work has been done for the
N. A. A. C. P.
For years, Mr. Marshall argued
before the Supreme court, and prepared 
briefs in cooperation with
other N. A. A. C. P. Lawyers in all
cases concerning the Constitutional
rights of Negroes. In his fourteen
appearances before the hightest
court in the Land, Mr. Marshall
won eleven cases and lost only two.
For his many defenses of the
rights of his people, Mr. Marshall
won many honors, some of 
are:
1. Honorary degrees of Doctor of
Laws, from
a. Lincoln University, June, 1947
b. Virginia State college, May
1948
c. Morgan State College, June,
1952
d. Howard University. June 6.
1954 and.
e. Grinnell college, June 8. 1954,
Mr. Marshall was placed on the
1954 Honor Roll of Race Relations
for the Schomberg Collection; was
awarded the Spingarn Medal in
1946; won the National Newspaper
Publisher's Russwurm -Award for
making possible a richer conception 
of democratic principles as expressed 
in the ideals of the American 
way of Life; received the National 
Bar Association award in
September, 1946: the Baltimore
Afro-American National Honor Roll
award: the Omega Psi Phi Achievement 
award for 1951; the Chicago
Defender's Robert S. Abbot Memorial 
Award in 1954; and was cited
by the chapters of B'nai B'rith
lodge.
Thurgood Marshall was confirmed 
September 11, 1962, as a member
of the, second U. S. Circuit of Appeals 
after a delay of nearly a
year by Senators Eastland and
Johnston of the Judiciary Committee. 


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HARRIET BEECHER STOWE
, the
author of Uncle Tom's Cabin, greeted 
by Lincoln as the "Little Woman
who caused the War."
Abraham Lincoln, upon meeting
Harriet Beecher Stowe for the first
time, was reported to have exclaimed, 
"So this is the little woman who
is the cause of this terrible war!"
Mrs. Stowe, daughter of Lyman
Beecher, a staunch Calvinist, was
born on June 4, 1811, at Litchfield,
Connecticut, and died at Hartford
July 1, 1896. She was the sister of
five clergymen, the most prominent
being Henry Ward Beecher.
Harriet Beecher Stowe's first direct 
knowledge of slavery grew out
of her residence in Cincinnati
where her father was President of
Lane Theological Seminary. The
Seminary was just across the Ohio
River from the slave State of Kentucky 
and was in the throes of a
violent controversy over the issue of
human slavery. Here she became
one of the mistresses of an underground 
Railway station.
In 1836 Harriet married Calvin
Stowe who had encouraged her in
her writing. By 1850 the Stowe
family had moved to Bowdoin College 
in Maine. Back in the New
England atmosphere of rising religious 
abolitionism, she reacted
violently against the fugitive slave
provisions of the compromise of
1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act,
with its repeal of the Missouri
Compromise. Her reaction took
form in Uncle Tom's Cabin, a novel
which brought her fame, and which
hook the foundations of the slave
mpire to their very depths. In
writing the book Mrs. Stowe had
but one purpose, to show the institution 
of slavery truly as it exster." 
The novel sold more than

a quarter million copies in its first
year of publication. It was dramatized 
in theaters throughout the
North, and was translated into
twenty-three different languages.
Uncle Tom's Cabin dashed the
hopes of those who had hoped that
there could be a compromise on the
slave issue. It heralded the passing
of the old order—-the clays, the
Calhouns, the Websters—-and the
coming on to the stage of new leaders 
who would give no quarter.
The story which it told of "abject
cruelty on the part of masters and
overseers, its description of the privations 
and sufferings of slaves,
and its complete condemnation of
Southern civilization won countless
thousands over to abolition and left
Southern leaders busy denying the
truth of the novel," and denouncing 
those who had the gall to attack 
it.
Constance Mayfield Rourke, writing 
in Trumpets of Jubilee, points
out the broader significance of Mrs.
Stowe's creation:
In the midst of the bitter climax
of revolt she had caught the dark
image of the endless restraints imposed 
by the Fugitive Slave Law...
Ardent and tired and overwrought,
in that sensitive state where the
imagination grows fluid, where inner 
and outer motives coalesce, she
had taken bondage as her theme,
had become obsessed with its conditions, 
morbidly obsessed, by the
concomitant of punishment, the
ferrible infliction of pain; freedom
at any cost, at the last cost, became 
her immense preoccupation.
In her Story down the great flood
of the South, journey numbers of
human beings under a basic compulsion; 
to and fro they pass within 
a great, far-flung net, those hapless 
creatures; small, driven, forlorn, 
they take on stature as they
confront the vast impossible hope
of escape.


Negro History Week Hails
Negro Status In America
Fort Wagner, a strong Confederate 
fortress situated on Morris
Island, South Carolina, was a prize
which the Union forces wanted to
gain, for it controlled the sea approaches 
to the key city of Charleston, 
Heading the assaulting column 
was the Massachusetts FiftyFourth, 
the first Negro regiment
recruited in the North, Led by a
gallant young white colonel, Robert
Gould Shaw, the Fifty-Fourth
pressed forward to the attack, unaware 
that in their path lay a
defile — a narrow passage between
the sand hillocks and the sea —
and unaware, too, that the enemy
was in full readiness for them. As
the colored soldiers approached the
defile, the confederate batteries
suddenly became alive, showering
them with fire. Shaw and a few
dozen of his soldiers managed to
reach the top of the parapet, but
the assault was doomed; the outnumbered 
Union soldiers were
forced to fall back, with heavy
casualties, among them Colonel

Shaw. Although the Fifty-Fourth
had been repulsed, its bravery under 
fire won praise throughout the
North; For the storming of a formidable 
bastion like Wagner furnished 
the severest test of valor.
In the dread twilight on that barren 
stretch of Carolina shore, the
Fifty-Fourth had fixed forever the
Negro's right to the title of
citizen-soldier.

The Storming Of
Fort Wagnar
Fort Wagner, a strong Confederate 
fortress situated on Morris
Island, South Carolina, was a prize
which the Union forces wanted to
gain, for it controlled the sea approaches 
to the key city of Charleston, 
Heading the assaulting column 
was the Massachusetts FiftyFourth, 
the first Negro regiment
recruited in the North, Led by a
gallant young white colonel, Robert
Gould Shaw, the Fifty-Fourth
pressed forward to the attack, unaware 
that in their path lay a
defile — a narrow passage between
the sand hillocks and the sea —
and unaware, too, that the enemy
was in full readiness for them. As
the colored soldiers approached the
defile, the confederate batteries
suddenly became alive, showering
them with fire. Shaw and a few
dozen of his soldiers managed to
reach the top of the parapet, but
the assault was doomed; the outnumbered 
Union soldiers were
forced to fall back, with heavy
casualties, among them Colonel

Shaw. Although the Fifty-Fourth
had been repulsed, its bravery under 
fire won praise throughout the
North; For the storming of a formidable 
bastion like Wagner furnished 
the severest test of valor.
In the dread twilight on that barren 
stretch of Carolina shore, the
Fifty-Fourth had fixed forever the
Negro's right to the title of
citizen-soldier.

JULY 18, 1863
Fort Wagner, a strong Confederate 
fortress situated on Morris
Island, South Carolina, was a prize
which the Union forces wanted to
gain, for it controlled the sea approaches 
to the key city of Charleston, 
Heading the assaulting column 
was the Massachusetts FiftyFourth, 
the first Negro regiment
recruited in the North, Led by a
gallant young white colonel, Robert
Gould Shaw, the Fifty-Fourth
pressed forward to the attack, unaware 
that in their path lay a
defile — a narrow passage between
the sand hillocks and the sea —
and unaware, too, that the enemy
was in full readiness for them. As
the colored soldiers approached the
defile, the confederate batteries
suddenly became alive, showering
them with fire. Shaw and a few
dozen of his soldiers managed to
reach the top of the parapet, but
the assault was doomed; the outnumbered 
Union soldiers were
forced to fall back, with heavy
casualties, among them Colonel

Shaw. Although the Fifty-Fourth
had been repulsed, its bravery under 
fire won praise throughout the
North; For the storming of a formidable 
bastion like Wagner furnished 
the severest test of valor.
In the dread twilight on that barren 
stretch of Carolina shore, the
Fifty-Fourth had fixed forever the
Negro's right to the title of
citizen-soldier.


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B. O. Davis, Jr.
Benjamin O. Davis, Jr., was born
in Washington, D. C., December
18. 1912. He was graduated from
high school at Cleveland. Ohio,
in 1929, and then attended Western
Reserve University for a year and
the University of Chicago for two
years. Entering the U. S. Military
Academy in July 1932, he was graduated 
June 12, 1936, and commissioned 
a second lieutenant of
Infantry.
After serving with an infantry
regiment for a year, General Davis
entered the Infantry School at Fort
Benning, Georgia, was graduated in
June 1938, and became an instructor 
at Tuskegee Institute, Alabama,
Beginning flight training in May
1941, he was graduated from Advanced 
Flying School the following 
March, and that May was
transferred to the Air Corps.
Returning to Tuskegee. Army Air
Base, Ala., in August 1942, General 
Davis assumed command of
the 99th Fighter Squadron there,
taking it to North Africa in April
1943 and to Sicily. That October
he assumed command of the 332nd
Fighter Group at Selfridge Field,
Michigan, taking it to Italy in
January 1944.
Assuming command of the 477th
Composite Group at Godman Field,
Kentucky, in June 1945, General
Davis was named commander of
Godman Field a month later. He
took the 477th Composite Group
to Lockbourne Army Air Base, Ohio,
in March 1946, also assuming command 
of that Base, and in September 
1947 became commander of the
newly activated 332nd Fighter Wing
there.
Entering the Air College at Maxwell 
Air Force Base, Alabama, in
August 1949, General Davis was
graduated the following June. He
then became a staff planning officer 
in the Plans Division of the
Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff
for Operations at Air Force Headquarters, 
Washington, D. C., until
January 1951, when he was named
chief of the Fighter Branch in that
office. In July 1953 he entered the
Advanced Fighter Gunnery School
at Nellis Air Force Base, Las Vegas,
Nevada.
Joining the Far East Air Forces
that November, General Davis assumed 
command of the 51st
Fighter-lnterceptor Wing of the
Fifth Air Force. The following July
he was named Director of Operations 
and Training, FEAF. Going
to Formosa on June 10, 1955, he
was named Vice Commander of the
13th Air Force, FEAF, with the additional 
duty of commanding Air
Task Force 13 (Provisional).
His decorations include the Legion 
of Merit, Silver star, Distinguished 
Flying Cross, and Air
Medal with four Oak Leaf clusters.
Commissioned a second Lieutenant 
June 12, 1936, General Davis
was promoted to first lieutenant
June 12, 1939; to captain (temporary) 
September 9, 1940; to major
(temporary- March 1, 1942; to lieutenant 
colonel (temporary) March
1, 1943; to colonel (temporary) May
29, 1944; to captain (permanent)
June 12, 1946; to colonel (permanent) 
July 27, 1950; to brigadier
general (temporary) October 27,
1954; to major general September
13, 1955.

PROMOTIONS
Benjamin O. Davis, Jr., was born
in Washington, D. C., December
18. 1912. He was graduated from
high school at Cleveland. Ohio,
in 1929, and then attended Western
Reserve University for a year and
the University of Chicago for two
years. Entering the U. S. Military
Academy in July 1932, he was graduated 
June 12, 1936, and commissioned 
a second lieutenant of
Infantry.
After serving with an infantry
regiment for a year, General Davis
entered the Infantry School at Fort
Benning, Georgia, was graduated in
June 1938, and became an instructor 
at Tuskegee Institute, Alabama,
Beginning flight training in May
1941, he was graduated from Advanced 
Flying School the following 
March, and that May was
transferred to the Air Corps.
Returning to Tuskegee. Army Air
Base, Ala., in August 1942, General 
Davis assumed command of
the 99th Fighter Squadron there,
taking it to North Africa in April
1943 and to Sicily. That October
he assumed command of the 332nd
Fighter Group at Selfridge Field,
Michigan, taking it to Italy in
January 1944.
Assuming command of the 477th
Composite Group at Godman Field,
Kentucky, in June 1945, General
Davis was named commander of
Godman Field a month later. He
took the 477th Composite Group
to Lockbourne Army Air Base, Ohio,
in March 1946, also assuming command 
of that Base, and in September 
1947 became commander of the
newly activated 332nd Fighter Wing
there.
Entering the Air College at Maxwell 
Air Force Base, Alabama, in
August 1949, General Davis was
graduated the following June. He
then became a staff planning officer 
in the Plans Division of the
Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff
for Operations at Air Force Headquarters, 
Washington, D. C., until
January 1951, when he was named
chief of the Fighter Branch in that
office. In July 1953 he entered the
Advanced Fighter Gunnery School
at Nellis Air Force Base, Las Vegas,
Nevada.
Joining the Far East Air Forces
that November, General Davis assumed 
command of the 51st
Fighter-lnterceptor Wing of the
Fifth Air Force. The following July
he was named Director of Operations 
and Training, FEAF. Going
to Formosa on June 10, 1955, he
was named Vice Commander of the
13th Air Force, FEAF, with the additional 
duty of commanding Air
Task Force 13 (Provisional).
His decorations include the Legion 
of Merit, Silver star, Distinguished 
Flying Cross, and Air
Medal with four Oak Leaf clusters.
Commissioned a second Lieutenant 
June 12, 1936, General Davis
was promoted to first lieutenant
June 12, 1939; to captain (temporary) 
September 9, 1940; to major
(temporary- March 1, 1942; to lieutenant 
colonel (temporary) March
1, 1943; to colonel (temporary) May
29, 1944; to captain (permanent)
June 12, 1946; to colonel (permanent) 
July 27, 1950; to brigadier
general (temporary) October 27,
1954; to major general September
13, 1955.

First Colored Woman
In Virginia Is CPA
Mrs.
Ruth Hortense coles Harris, 34,
head of the commerce department
at Virginia Union. University, became 
the first of her race in the
state Feb. 6 to pass the rigid examination 
for certified public accountant. 

The mother of two children, Mrs.
Harris was one of 21 successful applicants 
from a group of 36 persons 
who took the examination.

She will receive her CPA certificate 
when she completes the necessary 
two years experience requirement. 


SIX FEUDING AFRICAN NATIONS FIND AGREEMENT

The split between Senegal and
Mali, which broke up the Mali
federation in 1960, was settled amicably 
according to a joint communique 
issued by the two nations.
Finally, the border between Ghana 
and its neighbor, Togo, which
had been closed for seevral months
before the Jan. 13, assassination of
Togo President Sylvanus Olympio,
was reopened.
The agreement between the two
Congos was announced in a communique 
marking the end of a fiveday 
offiical visit to Leopoldville by
President Fulbert Youlou, president
of Congo - Brazzaville.
The two countries, according to
the communique, were to "immediately" 
draft agreements on student, 
radio and television exchanges, 
anti - customs fraud, and cooperation 
in river transport. The communique 
was issued after talks between 
Abbe Youlou and Congo
Leopoldville President Joseph Kasabubu. 

A settlement of differences between 
Senegal and Mall was reached 
during talks at Dakar, the Senegalese 
capital. The communique
said the Senegal - Mali Liquidation 
committee had taken decisions
On the former Federal Office of
posts and Communications, the financial 
consequences of the West
African Customs Union agreement,
a friendly settlement of border incidets, 
and general closing of accouts 
and a method for settling
Senegal's outstanding debt to Mali. 

Besides the payment of Senegal's
debt to Mall (several hundred million 
francs CFA), authoritative
sources believed that the 750 mile
long railroad between Dakar and
Bamako, Mali's capital, might be
reopened soon. This railroad the
only link Mali has to the sea, was
closed to all traffic when the Mali
Federation was dissolved.
The Mali Federation, formed by
Senegal and the former French
Sudan, broke up when Senegal
walked out. The Sudan then changed 
its name to Mali Republic. It

took two years, and months of onagain, 
off - again meetings by the
Liquidation committee of the former 
Federation to arrive at a settleemnt. 

Meanwhile, the significance of
the agreement between Ghana and
the Togo provisional government
was being carefully weighed. Other
West African states, Guinea in particular, 
had criticized Ghana for
recognizing the new regime of Nicolas 
Grunitzky so soon after Olympio's 
murder by military insurgents.
Several African states, notably
Dahomey and Nigeria, had appealed
to Ghana, and Togo to settle thrir
differences, long before Olympio's
death. Member states of the Monrovia 
group, which includes Dahomey 
and Nigeria and 19 other nations, 
met here recently to discuss
the Togo situation.
The border between Togo and
Ghana, closed to all traffic for several 
months, was reopened at the
Aflao post, two miles from Lome,
the Togolese capital.
A recent Togolese - Ghanaian
agreement negotiated with the
Grunitzky regime, allows the exchange 
of goods between the two
countries, especially agriculture
products. The agreement also covers 
customs arrangements, persons
crossing the border in either direction 
can take with them a sum
totaling ten Ghanaian pounds. Vehicle 
traffic will be reestablished
after a further exchange of notes
between the two countries.
In another development, Grunitzky, 
brother of olympio's widow who
had been living in exile in neighboring 
Dahomey, denied rumors
that the family of the murdered
Olympio will be exiled in Agoue on
the Togo - Dahomey frontier.
In a communique, Grunitzky said
that all members of olympio's family 
were completely free and Could
return home whenever they wished.
Bontio Olympio, one of Olympio's
sons, had been placed under arrest
after the military coup was executed. 
He reportedly has been, released. 


DOVE OF PEACE FLYING
AS HATCHET IS BURIED

The split between Senegal and
Mali, which broke up the Mali
federation in 1960, was settled amicably 
according to a joint communique 
issued by the two nations.
Finally, the border between Ghana 
and its neighbor, Togo, which
had been closed for seevral months
before the Jan. 13, assassination of
Togo President Sylvanus Olympio,
was reopened.
The agreement between the two
Congos was announced in a communique 
marking the end of a fiveday 
offiical visit to Leopoldville by
President Fulbert Youlou, president
of Congo - Brazzaville.
The two countries, according to
the communique, were to "immediately" 
draft agreements on student, 
radio and television exchanges, 
anti - customs fraud, and cooperation 
in river transport. The communique 
was issued after talks between 
Abbe Youlou and Congo
Leopoldville President Joseph Kasabubu. 

A settlement of differences between 
Senegal and Mall was reached 
during talks at Dakar, the Senegalese 
capital. The communique
said the Senegal - Mali Liquidation 
committee had taken decisions
On the former Federal Office of
posts and Communications, the financial 
consequences of the West
African Customs Union agreement,
a friendly settlement of border incidets, 
and general closing of accouts 
and a method for settling
Senegal's outstanding debt to Mali. 

Besides the payment of Senegal's
debt to Mall (several hundred million 
francs CFA), authoritative
sources believed that the 750 mile
long railroad between Dakar and
Bamako, Mali's capital, might be
reopened soon. This railroad the
only link Mali has to the sea, was
closed to all traffic when the Mali
Federation was dissolved.
The Mali Federation, formed by
Senegal and the former French
Sudan, broke up when Senegal
walked out. The Sudan then changed 
its name to Mali Republic. It

took two years, and months of onagain, 
off - again meetings by the
Liquidation committee of the former 
Federation to arrive at a settleemnt. 

Meanwhile, the significance of
the agreement between Ghana and
the Togo provisional government
was being carefully weighed. Other
West African states, Guinea in particular, 
had criticized Ghana for
recognizing the new regime of Nicolas 
Grunitzky so soon after Olympio's 
murder by military insurgents.
Several African states, notably
Dahomey and Nigeria, had appealed
to Ghana, and Togo to settle thrir
differences, long before Olympio's
death. Member states of the Monrovia 
group, which includes Dahomey 
and Nigeria and 19 other nations, 
met here recently to discuss
the Togo situation.
The border between Togo and
Ghana, closed to all traffic for several 
months, was reopened at the
Aflao post, two miles from Lome,
the Togolese capital.
A recent Togolese - Ghanaian
agreement negotiated with the
Grunitzky regime, allows the exchange 
of goods between the two
countries, especially agriculture
products. The agreement also covers 
customs arrangements, persons
crossing the border in either direction 
can take with them a sum
totaling ten Ghanaian pounds. Vehicle 
traffic will be reestablished
after a further exchange of notes
between the two countries.
In another development, Grunitzky, 
brother of olympio's widow who
had been living in exile in neighboring 
Dahomey, denied rumors
that the family of the murdered
Olympio will be exiled in Agoue on
the Togo - Dahomey frontier.
In a communique, Grunitzky said
that all members of olympio's family 
were completely free and Could
return home whenever they wished.
Bontio Olympio, one of Olympio's
sons, had been placed under arrest
after the military coup was executed. 
He reportedly has been, released. 


Twentieth Century's Greatest Anthologist
Recently a Negro named William
Stanley Braithwaite died. His death
would have gone unnoticed as far
as I would have known if fate had
not stepped in and urged my attention 
to this very important fact
I am attempting to pass on to you.
I was in the famous Meiji Club
in Tokyo, Japan, autographing an
anthology in which two of my
short stories were appearing.
A Japanese poetess, whom I had
recently met, made the remark as
I sold her one of the autographed
books, "I hope you will become as
dedicated as William Stanley
Braithwaite."
I smiled and said thanks, but
inside I was disturbed. I found
myself wondering who William
Stanley Braithwaite was.
When I got back to my office, I
mentioned this to my secretary and
a novelist friend who was visiting
Tokyo doing some research. They
also were puzzled. We then and
there set every research outlet at
our command into operation, ranging 
from information services officers 
to American cultural centers.
Then we sat back and waited.
After a few days of waiting our
requests for information began to
pour in Among the answers to our
requests we found a clipping from
a Tokyo paper that was praising
a Negro who published anthologies
from 1913 to 1929. This Negro was
William Stanley Braithwaite.
The words of my Japanese poetess 
friend rang in my ears again,
"I hope you will become as dedicated 
as William Stanley Braithwaite." 
My friend had carefully
avoided the words famous, rich or
read. This drove me on in my quest
for knowledge of this Negro who's
name had found its way into the
conversation and admiration of a

leader in Japanese literature, I
found that the Negro people, America 
and the world owed a great
debt to this Mr. Braithwaite. Although 
now dead, occasionally
reference in literary history is
made of him.
Unlike the anthology that I
signed for my Japanese friend,
Braithwaite did not create any
short stories of his own; he published 
books of other people's
writings.
But, my poetess friend had said
that she hoped I would become as
dedicated as Braithwaite.
Braithwaite Was 83 when he died.
While he lived, he contributed life
and meaning to the most exciting
literary period in 20th Century
America. It was a time of literary
revolution, protest, experimentation, 
new form and views.
Braithwaite was from Boston, but
he seemed to have adopted New
York as his home. It was in New
York where he met and teamed up
in his advancement of American
literature with Edward J. O'Brien.
Through the work of these two
men, works by Sherwood Anderson,
Ernest Hemingway, Hilda Doolittle,
Ezra Pound, Amy Lowell, Edgar
Lee Masters, Carl Sandburg, Robert
Frost and a host of others first appeared 
in print between the pages
of a fat book called "ANTHOLOGY 
OF MAGAZINE VERSE."
This was called, "the best short
stories of the year."
The things that made Braithwaite 
and his friend's books remarkable 
. . . the time and the
attitude of the men and their
courage. As the breath of life
whistles through American literature, 
William Stanley Braithwaite
will live on and on and on.

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