Memphis World Memphis World Publishing Co. 1957-10-05 Thaddeus T. Stokes MEMPHIS WORLD The South's Oldest and Leading Colored Semi-Weekly Newspapers Published by MEMPHIS WORLD PUBLISHING CO. Every WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY at 564 BEALE — Phone JA. 6-4030 Member of SCOTT NEWSPAPER SYNDICATE W. A. Scott, II, Founder; C. A. Scott, General Manager Entered in the Post Office at Memphis, Tenn. as second-class mail under the Act of Congress, March 1, 1870 THADDEUS T. STOKES Managing Editor SMITH FLEMING Circulation Manager SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Year $5.00 — 6 Months $3.00 — 3 Months $1.25 (In Advance) The MEMPHIS WORLD is an independent newspaper — non-sectarian and non-partisan, printing news unbiasedly and supporting those things it believes to be of interest to its readers and opposing those thing against the interest of its readers. it Is Governor Faubus' Move President Eisenhower met Tuesday With a delegation of Southern governors at the White House to discuss the Little Rock. School integration question and the removal of federal troops from around the school. Apparently, all went on well and the delegation of governors acting as intermediaries between the President and Arkansas Governor Faubus apparently ironed out a clearance for the settlement of the trouble arising from the calling out of the National Guard by the Governor to keep the Negro children out of the Central High School in violation of on order from a federal judge. The paramount question the governors stressed was the removal of federal troops from Arkansas and the returning of the National Guard to Governor Faubus if he would give assurance he would maintain order and would not obstruct orders from federal courts. The initial statement telephoned to his fellow colleagues by Gov. Faubus was to the effect that he would abide by the agreement made at the White House. In the meantime, on hour later, Gov. Faubus issued another statement with the saving words "by me" as an objective to a promise to carry out the agreement. In that Governor Faubus did not commit himself in going any further than saying the order would not be obstructed "by me. "At this abridgement of frankness and the use of ambiguous terms, the President was moved to state that this answer was unsatisfactory. A few words in the Faubus statement at Little Rock apparently proved the stumbling block that blocked the peace drive. We quote the governor: "I now declare that upon with— drawal of federal troops, I will again assume full responsibility, in coperation with local authorities, for the maintenance of law and order, and that the orders of the federal courts will not be obstructed by me." It will be recalled that oh a previous" occasion when the President met with Gov. Faubus in person, his failure to carry out another arrangement moved the President to say he was "disappointed." This is grave statement coming from the President of the United States. It is again to be deplored that after Governor Marvin Griffin of Georgia accepted a place on the committee, he declined to serve with his fellow colleagues. This move in its ramifications of open speculations, could not be commended as a service to the state. It is felt that a governor of a state should avail himself of all opportunities relating to the interest of his people. No harm could come from a citizen who goes to discuss matters of importance with the President of the United States. The President is a friendly man, kind and painstaking and one whose patience was still evident in his kindly dismissal of what disappointed him, with his enjoin to the governors to continue to work at an amicable solution. Meanwhile the 101st Airborne Division continues its place about the grounds of Little Rock's Central High School, in its vigil that the peace be kept and that orderly obeyance of the orders of a federal judge be respected. So, the question of keeping the peace, removal of the federal troops from Arkansas and the compliance, with -an order of a federal judge is again up to Governor Faubus. MEALTIME MELODIES! Cheese is a popular food and a homemaker can be pretty sure of a family welcome for a dish that features, it. America, is famous for its ched— dar cheese. In fla— vor, it ranges from mild to sharp or tangy,— and in color, from almost white to yellow-grange. Of course, other cheese are popular too. Cottage cheese for example, is one that is increasing in" popularity all the time. But of the more than a billion pounds of cheese made in the United States every year., about threefourths of this is the Cheddar cheese. This cheese is made from whole sweet milk and contains in concentrated form the many different nutrients that whole milk previews Cheese dishes help families to get nutrients that are so valuable in the diet. It is especially rich in cacium, protein, and the B. vitamin riboflavin. Here is a very economical cheese dish that is easy to prepare and tasty too. 2 slices bread 1-3 cup milk 2 tablespoons chopped onion 3 tablespoons chopped celery 10 ounches ground beef 1-2 cup shredded cheese 3-4 teaspoon salt. 3-4 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce 1 1-2 teaspoon chopped parsley 2 eggs, slightly beaten Soak bread in the milk. Combine bread mixture' with the rest of the ingredients. Mix well. Pack in a greased loaf pan. Bake at 375 degrees F. (moderate oven) for 1 hour and 10 minutes. Six servings. RECIPE FEATURING CHEESE Cheese is a popular food and a homemaker can be pretty sure of a family welcome for a dish that features, it. America, is famous for its ched— dar cheese. In fla— vor, it ranges from mild to sharp or tangy,— and in color, from almost white to yellow-grange. Of course, other cheese are popular too. Cottage cheese for example, is one that is increasing in" popularity all the time. But of the more than a billion pounds of cheese made in the United States every year., about threefourths of this is the Cheddar cheese. This cheese is made from whole sweet milk and contains in concentrated form the many different nutrients that whole milk previews Cheese dishes help families to get nutrients that are so valuable in the diet. It is especially rich in cacium, protein, and the B. vitamin riboflavin. Here is a very economical cheese dish that is easy to prepare and tasty too. 2 slices bread 1-3 cup milk 2 tablespoons chopped onion 3 tablespoons chopped celery 10 ounches ground beef 1-2 cup shredded cheese 3-4 teaspoon salt. 3-4 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce 1 1-2 teaspoon chopped parsley 2 eggs, slightly beaten Soak bread in the milk. Combine bread mixture' with the rest of the ingredients. Mix well. Pack in a greased loaf pan. Bake at 375 degrees F. (moderate oven) for 1 hour and 10 minutes. Six servings. CHEESE MEAT LOAF Cheese is a popular food and a homemaker can be pretty sure of a family welcome for a dish that features, it. America, is famous for its ched— dar cheese. In fla— vor, it ranges from mild to sharp or tangy,— and in color, from almost white to yellow-grange. Of course, other cheese are popular too. Cottage cheese for example, is one that is increasing in" popularity all the time. But of the more than a billion pounds of cheese made in the United States every year., about threefourths of this is the Cheddar cheese. This cheese is made from whole sweet milk and contains in concentrated form the many different nutrients that whole milk previews Cheese dishes help families to get nutrients that are so valuable in the diet. It is especially rich in cacium, protein, and the B. vitamin riboflavin. Here is a very economical cheese dish that is easy to prepare and tasty too. 2 slices bread 1-3 cup milk 2 tablespoons chopped onion 3 tablespoons chopped celery 10 ounches ground beef 1-2 cup shredded cheese 3-4 teaspoon salt. 3-4 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce 1 1-2 teaspoon chopped parsley 2 eggs, slightly beaten Soak bread in the milk. Combine bread mixture' with the rest of the ingredients. Mix well. Pack in a greased loaf pan. Bake at 375 degrees F. (moderate oven) for 1 hour and 10 minutes. Six servings. WISHING WELL Registered U. S. Patent Office. HERE is a pleasant little game that will give you a message every day. It is a numerical puzzle designed to spell out your fortune. Count the litters in your first name. If the number of letters is 6 or more, subtract 4. It the number is less than 6, add 3. The result is your key number. Start at the upper left-hand corner of the rectangle and check every one of your key numbers, left to right. Then read the message the letters under the checked figures give you. Blind Veteran of tools. The former corporal was in the AAF for two and one half years luring World War II, and was blinded by an explosion of a detonator tube during combat on Moratai Island in the Solomons of the Pacific. His service also included several months as a member of an AAF band. After hospitalization and service discharge, Teachout received counseling at the Veterans Administration. On the basis of his experience, aptitude, and interests, radio repairman employment was selected. He attended radio repair schools for one year under Public Law 16. the Vocational Rehabilitation Act for disabled veterans. He then opened a" studio for his radio repair work and recording business. First To Graduate dictment. However' it is all because we don't know how to sell." Olive went on to say, "Poor preparation of an insurance agent resulto in high 'lapsed- ratio, low production and your competitor will tell the policyholder the truth about the situation and take the business." He said there are approximately 12,000 insurance agents in America. The speaker explained that "progress of Negroes in every phase will be made only in proportion to the contribution made to the social group." He warned the agents, to "sell insurance according to the need." and riot over-sell. "When a company grows, it can lend more money for home building and other investments as well as obtain better trained men," continued Olive. "The racial problem is more economic than sociological. Currently there is the highest rate of employment and the greatest amount of money in circulation than ever before in the history of this country." Olive concluded' Alexander Dumas, who was the instructor of the Life Underwriters Training Council, was also awarded an instructor's citation for having "successfully taught a class." He announced that the next class is scheduled to start October 15. Approximately 15 local insurance agents are expected to enroll. The training council was organized in 1946 under the sponsorship of Life. Agency Management Association of the National Association of Life Underwriters. Dumas a manager for North Carolina Mutual's Memphis and West Tennessee District since 1938, is believed to be the only Negro Training Council instructor in Memphis. Lucky Sharpe, employed at Universal Insurance 'Company, said. "If I had n-l taking this course. I would have been the greatest disgrace in the insurance business. He went on" to parise the merit of the training. The graduates came from four local insurance companies, Union protective Assurance, North Carolina Mutual, Universal and the Atlanta Life. Mothers'Club Of mosphere which would be extended to the home life of the boys, as well as 'give each boy which the church has taken responsibility, the' privilege of attending the Boy Scout Summer Camp sponsored each year by the Chickasaw Boy Scouts Council at Camp Fuller for the physical social, mental and spiritual development of the boy Scouts. Each year since organization the club has feted the Boy Seoutsand guests following a public program and have provided opportunity for more boys each year to spend a week at the Summer Camp. This summer 27 BOY SCOUT, WEEKS were registered. The Boy Scouts Mother's Club wishes to express appreciation to the church for the sponsorship provided from its membership and friend for the outstanding success achieved tins year. Dr. J. W Kelso, W, W. Walker J. E Walker A. M. Walker. T Cole man. B. G Oliver. Rev. Blair T. Hunt J. T. Chandler, Harvey Doran, Euless Hunt, . C W. Winn Thomas Wills, J. Roy O Connor, Geo. Parker. W. A. Adkins, Chest er Cade, Jr., John Russell and Mesdames. Rosa Bracy Haynes. Dorothy D' Nelle, Eunice. Snell, LaBanche Jackson, Cora West Leticia Postom. Essay Jackson. Adelle Brake, Janie Williams, Katie Yarbrough, Miss Ida Mae Walker, and the Sunshine Fund SPONSORS WHO GAVE $106 mosphere which would be extended to the home life of the boys, as well as 'give each boy which the church has taken responsibility, the' privilege of attending the Boy Scout Summer Camp sponsored each year by the Chickasaw Boy Scouts Council at Camp Fuller for the physical social, mental and spiritual development of the boy Scouts. Each year since organization the club has feted the Boy Seoutsand guests following a public program and have provided opportunity for more boys each year to spend a week at the Summer Camp. This summer 27 BOY SCOUT, WEEKS were registered. The Boy Scouts Mother's Club wishes to express appreciation to the church for the sponsorship provided from its membership and friend for the outstanding success achieved tins year. Dr. J. W Kelso, W, W. Walker J. E Walker A. M. Walker. T Cole man. B. G Oliver. Rev. Blair T. Hunt J. T. Chandler, Harvey Doran, Euless Hunt, . C W. Winn Thomas Wills, J. Roy O Connor, Geo. Parker. W. A. Adkins, Chest er Cade, Jr., John Russell and Mesdames. Rosa Bracy Haynes. Dorothy D' Nelle, Eunice. Snell, LaBanche Jackson, Cora West Leticia Postom. Essay Jackson. Adelle Brake, Janie Williams, Katie Yarbrough, Miss Ida Mae Walker, and the Sunshine Fund Charges Ark. remain federalized. Meanwhile North Carolina Gov. Luther Hodges was trying to "mediate" a new meeting between the' federal government and Gov. Orval Faubus of Arkansas. Hodges, his office said Wednesday is "anxious" to resolve new misun derstandings arising from, the Arkansas-governor's assurance that he personally would not interfere with school integration. Hodges was described as trying to "mediate" the issue", indicating he, probably was in conduct with Faubus, and likely was urging a new statement from the Arkansas Chief Executive. Hodges, who participated in the extra-ordinary conference Tuesday with President Eisenhower, had expressed disappointment with Faubus' statement, which the White House rejected as not sufficient assurance he would use all means at his command, to see-that-court-orhis command to was carried out. HODGES OF NORTH CAROLINA remain federalized. Meanwhile North Carolina Gov. Luther Hodges was trying to "mediate" a new meeting between the' federal government and Gov. Orval Faubus of Arkansas. Hodges, his office said Wednesday is "anxious" to resolve new misun derstandings arising from, the Arkansas-governor's assurance that he personally would not interfere with school integration. Hodges was described as trying to "mediate" the issue", indicating he, probably was in conduct with Faubus, and likely was urging a new statement from the Arkansas Chief Executive. Hodges, who participated in the extra-ordinary conference Tuesday with President Eisenhower, had expressed disappointment with Faubus' statement, which the White House rejected as not sufficient assurance he would use all means at his command, to see-that-court-orhis command to was carried out. Says Governor's efforts to work for a formula to withdraw Federal forces, and pledged that he would do likewise. The White House declined to spell out in what respect the pronouncement by Faubus fell short of the guarantees asked by the President. However, observers felt the key point was probably the Governor's statement that lie would take over responsibility for law and order only after Federal troops, had been withdrawn. Mr. Eisenhower had agreed to pull out the troops and turn control of the National Guard back after receiving a promise that Faubus would maintain law and order and not obstruct the orders of Federal courts Apparently the language used by Faubus fell short of what Mr. Eisenhower demanded. The compromise had been presented the delegation of four Southern Governors "on behalf of Faubus at a meeting with Mr. Eisenhower Tuesday. There was every indication as the Governors left the White House in high spirits that all that, remained to effect a withdrawal of the troops was the formal statement from Faubus last night. Shortly after in Little Rock Faubus publicly read the following statement: "At a meeting of a committee representing the Southern Governors' conference Tuesday afternoon at the White House, the President was informed, at my' request, that it has never been my intention to obstruct the orders of the Federal Courts Courts, that the orders of the Federal Courts will not be obstructed by me, and that I am prepared as I have always been, to assume full responsibility for maintaining law and order in Little Rock. "This has been consistently my stand and viewpoint throughout the controversy. "On the basis of this assurance, the President has declared that the Arkansas National Guard will be returned to my command, and there fore, as soon as practicable, all Federal troops, will be withdrawn. "I now declare, that upon withdrawal of Federal troops, I will again assume full responsibility, in cooperation with local authorities, for the maintenance of law and order, and that the orders of the Federal courts will not be obstructed by me." But at 10:35 P. M. (EDT) in Washington, after studying the Faubus reply, Mr. Eisenhower declareed: "The statement issued Tuesday evening by the Governor of Arkansas does not constitute, in my opinion, the assurance that he intends to use his full powers as Governor to prevent the obstruction of the orders of the United States District Court. "Under the circumstances, the President of the United States has no recourse at the present time except to maintain federal surveillence of the situation. "I want to commend the Governors representing the Southern Governors conference for their cooperative attitude at the meeting Tuesday. "I hope that they will continue their efforts, as will s the Federal government, to bring about a basis for the withdrawal of Federal forces in Little Rock and for the orderly carrying out of the orders of the District court." White House news secretary James C. Hagerty, declining to elaborate, said 'the statement by the President "stands on itself." He' said there were "many things" in the Faubus statement involved in the President's decision. He was not going to "spell them out," Hagerty added. FELL SHORT efforts to work for a formula to withdraw Federal forces, and pledged that he would do likewise. The White House declined to spell out in what respect the pronouncement by Faubus fell short of the guarantees asked by the President. However, observers felt the key point was probably the Governor's statement that lie would take over responsibility for law and order only after Federal troops, had been withdrawn. Mr. Eisenhower had agreed to pull out the troops and turn control of the National Guard back after receiving a promise that Faubus would maintain law and order and not obstruct the orders of Federal courts Apparently the language used by Faubus fell short of what Mr. Eisenhower demanded. The compromise had been presented the delegation of four Southern Governors "on behalf of Faubus at a meeting with Mr. Eisenhower Tuesday. There was every indication as the Governors left the White House in high spirits that all that, remained to effect a withdrawal of the troops was the formal statement from Faubus last night. Shortly after in Little Rock Faubus publicly read the following statement: "At a meeting of a committee representing the Southern Governors' conference Tuesday afternoon at the White House, the President was informed, at my' request, that it has never been my intention to obstruct the orders of the Federal Courts Courts, that the orders of the Federal Courts will not be obstructed by me, and that I am prepared as I have always been, to assume full responsibility for maintaining law and order in Little Rock. "This has been consistently my stand and viewpoint throughout the controversy. "On the basis of this assurance, the President has declared that the Arkansas National Guard will be returned to my command, and there fore, as soon as practicable, all Federal troops, will be withdrawn. "I now declare, that upon withdrawal of Federal troops, I will again assume full responsibility, in cooperation with local authorities, for the maintenance of law and order, and that the orders of the Federal courts will not be obstructed by me." But at 10:35 P. M. (EDT) in Washington, after studying the Faubus reply, Mr. Eisenhower declareed: "The statement issued Tuesday evening by the Governor of Arkansas does not constitute, in my opinion, the assurance that he intends to use his full powers as Governor to prevent the obstruction of the orders of the United States District Court. "Under the circumstances, the President of the United States has no recourse at the present time except to maintain federal surveillence of the situation. "I want to commend the Governors representing the Southern Governors conference for their cooperative attitude at the meeting Tuesday. "I hope that they will continue their efforts, as will s the Federal government, to bring about a basis for the withdrawal of Federal forces in Little Rock and for the orderly carrying out of the orders of the District court." White House news secretary James C. Hagerty, declining to elaborate, said 'the statement by the President "stands on itself." He' said there were "many things" in the Faubus statement involved in the President's decision. He was not going to "spell them out," Hagerty added. Bishop Walls Hails Troops In Arkansas Bishop W. J. Walls, titular head of the AME Zion church, whose membership is reported to be one half million, acclaimed President Eisenhower's sending federal troops to Little Rock as the action that would save America's face in the eyes of a troubled world. He likened Eisenhower to Lincoln" who when he saw that he could not save a situation without taking drastic action proceeded to do it. Bishop Walls said that the President had resorted to this action after using every available means possible but difinitely could not permit mob rule to prevail in this democratic country. MEMPHIS WORLD Want Ad Information Call JA. 6-4030 BYRD TRANSFER COMPANY— FEMALE HELP WANTED RELIABLE PARTY IN THE NATION'S CAPITAL The action of President Eisenhower in sending Federal Troops to Little Rock and federalizing the Arkansas National Guard to enforce Federal court orders should have widespread repercussions throughout the South. Secretary of Defense Charles E. Wilson and! Army Secretary. Wilbur M. Brucker acted speedily to carry out Mr. Eisenhower's orders, and within a few hours units of the 101st Airborne Division had landed at the Little Bock Airport Base. Major General Edwin A. Walker, who was put in command of the paratroopers and the federalized Arkansas National Guard, carried out his mission, and the six colored girls and three boys were back in Central High School, from which they had been removed, after three hours, before the troops came because local police and state troopers were unable to cope with mobviolence. Southern governors may scream to high heaven — but the authority of the President to use troops to enforce Federal law is clear. The President is sworn to "preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of teh United States" A Federal statute gives the President authority to use the armed forces, including the National Guard, whenever he "considers that unlawful obstructions, combinations, or' assemblages ( or rebellion against the authority of the' United States,' make it impracticable to enforce the laws of the United States in any state or territory' by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings. Another law gives him the same authority when violence or conspiracies.(1) "so hinders the execution of the laws of the United Sates within a state that any part or class of its people is deprived of a right, privilege, immunity, or protection named to the Constitution and secured by law, and the constituted authorities of that state are unable, fail, or refuse to protect that right, privilege, or immunity, or to give that protection or. (2) opposes or obstructs the exeution of the laws of the United States, or impedes the course of justice under those laws." Happenings in Little Bock which made' e necessary the use of troops to enforce Federal court orders were generated by Gov. Orval Faubus. He used the Arkansas National Guard to bar the admission of colored children to the high school under a plan of integration devised by the Little Rock School District' and approved by the Federal courts. Aside from preventing colored pupils from entering the school, Faubus creates disorder, incited meb violence, Increased racial tenfions throughout the South, and damaged American prestige abroad. If Faubus believed that the admission of nine colored pupils to Central High School would have caused violence, the proper use of the National Guard would have been to support the order of the Federal counts and not to attempt to override it. In his Thursday night speech, Flaubus said, in his meeting with President Eisenhower at Newport, R. I, "my plea, was for time." But he did nothing until Judge Ronald Davies on September 20, enjoined him from, using the, guardsmen to bar the colored children from the high school. Then it was he removed the National Guard. Ones it became apparent to President Eisenhower that local police and state troopers were; unable to control the forces of mob violence and race hatred, he acted quickly to set the stage for the calling out of Federal troops. In connection with the Little Rock- situation, it must be forgotten that Faubus was not the only, officeholder who fanned the flames of rebellion, Foremost in the ranks of the rebels have been united States Senators Harry F. Bvrd of Virginia, James O. Eastland' of. Mississippi, Sam J. Ervin of North Carolina, Olin D. Johnston and Strom' Thurmond of South Carolina, and Richard B. Russell and Herman E. Talmadge; Governors Marvin. Griff in of Georgia, Earl K. Long of Louisiana, James P. Coleman of Mississippi, George B. Timmerman of South. Carolina, and Thomas B. Stanley of Virginia, and such lesser lights as Representatives James C. Davis, ex-Ku Klux Klansman, of Georgia, and John: Bell Williams of Mississippi. These are the men who have assaulted the Supreme Court because it held racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional; who have preached interposition and nullification and led dumb white folks to believe that a Supreme. Court decision is no more "than a scrap of paper. Questions of supremacy of Federal law over state law, the right of a state to secede from the Union, and the right of a state to impede or prevent the operation or, enforcement of a federal law within its borders were all decide when General Robert E. Lee sur rendered unconditionally to Gen eral Ulysses S. Grant at Appomat tax Court House, Va., April 9, 1865. If southern demagogues need any reminder of this when they talk about state sovereignty, President gave it to them when he author ized and directed the Defense Secretary "to take all appropriate steps to enforce any orders of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas for the removal of obstruction of justice in the State of Arkansas with respect to matters relating to enrollment and attendance at public schools in the Little Rook School District. Widespread Repercussions The action of President Eisenhower in sending Federal Troops to Little Rock and federalizing the Arkansas National Guard to enforce Federal court orders should have widespread repercussions throughout the South. Secretary of Defense Charles E. Wilson and! Army Secretary. Wilbur M. Brucker acted speedily to carry out Mr. Eisenhower's orders, and within a few hours units of the 101st Airborne Division had landed at the Little Bock Airport Base. Major General Edwin A. Walker, who was put in command of the paratroopers and the federalized Arkansas National Guard, carried out his mission, and the six colored girls and three boys were back in Central High School, from which they had been removed, after three hours, before the troops came because local police and state troopers were unable to cope with mobviolence. Southern governors may scream to high heaven — but the authority of the President to use troops to enforce Federal law is clear. The President is sworn to "preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of teh United States" A Federal statute gives the President authority to use the armed forces, including the National Guard, whenever he "considers that unlawful obstructions, combinations, or' assemblages ( or rebellion against the authority of the' United States,' make it impracticable to enforce the laws of the United States in any state or territory' by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings. Another law gives him the same authority when violence or conspiracies.(1) "so hinders the execution of the laws of the United Sates within a state that any part or class of its people is deprived of a right, privilege, immunity, or protection named to the Constitution and secured by law, and the constituted authorities of that state are unable, fail, or refuse to protect that right, privilege, or immunity, or to give that protection or. (2) opposes or obstructs the exeution of the laws of the United States, or impedes the course of justice under those laws." Happenings in Little Bock which made' e necessary the use of troops to enforce Federal court orders were generated by Gov. Orval Faubus. He used the Arkansas National Guard to bar the admission of colored children to the high school under a plan of integration devised by the Little Rock School District' and approved by the Federal courts. Aside from preventing colored pupils from entering the school, Faubus creates disorder, incited meb violence, Increased racial tenfions throughout the South, and damaged American prestige abroad. If Faubus believed that the admission of nine colored pupils to Central High School would have caused violence, the proper use of the National Guard would have been to support the order of the Federal counts and not to attempt to override it. In his Thursday night speech, Flaubus said, in his meeting with President Eisenhower at Newport, R. I, "my plea, was for time." But he did nothing until Judge Ronald Davies on September 20, enjoined him from, using the, guardsmen to bar the colored children from the high school. Then it was he removed the National Guard. Ones it became apparent to President Eisenhower that local police and state troopers were; unable to control the forces of mob violence and race hatred, he acted quickly to set the stage for the calling out of Federal troops. In connection with the Little Rock- situation, it must be forgotten that Faubus was not the only, officeholder who fanned the flames of rebellion, Foremost in the ranks of the rebels have been united States Senators Harry F. Bvrd of Virginia, James O. Eastland' of. Mississippi, Sam J. Ervin of North Carolina, Olin D. Johnston and Strom' Thurmond of South Carolina, and Richard B. Russell and Herman E. Talmadge; Governors Marvin. Griff in of Georgia, Earl K. Long of Louisiana, James P. Coleman of Mississippi, George B. Timmerman of South. Carolina, and Thomas B. Stanley of Virginia, and such lesser lights as Representatives James C. Davis, ex-Ku Klux Klansman, of Georgia, and John: Bell Williams of Mississippi. These are the men who have assaulted the Supreme Court because it held racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional; who have preached interposition and nullification and led dumb white folks to believe that a Supreme. Court decision is no more "than a scrap of paper. Questions of supremacy of Federal law over state law, the right of a state to secede from the Union, and the right of a state to impede or prevent the operation or, enforcement of a federal law within its borders were all decide when General Robert E. Lee sur rendered unconditionally to Gen eral Ulysses S. Grant at Appomat tax Court House, Va., April 9, 1865. If southern demagogues need any reminder of this when they talk about state sovereignty, President gave it to them when he author ized and directed the Defense Secretary "to take all appropriate steps to enforce any orders of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas for the removal of obstruction of justice in the State of Arkansas with respect to matters relating to enrollment and attendance at public schools in the Little Rook School District. HAS THE AUTHORITY The action of President Eisenhower in sending Federal Troops to Little Rock and federalizing the Arkansas National Guard to enforce Federal court orders should have widespread repercussions throughout the South. Secretary of Defense Charles E. Wilson and! Army Secretary. Wilbur M. Brucker acted speedily to carry out Mr. Eisenhower's orders, and within a few hours units of the 101st Airborne Division had landed at the Little Bock Airport Base. Major General Edwin A. Walker, who was put in command of the paratroopers and the federalized Arkansas National Guard, carried out his mission, and the six colored girls and three boys were back in Central High School, from which they had been removed, after three hours, before the troops came because local police and state troopers were unable to cope with mobviolence. Southern governors may scream to high heaven — but the authority of the President to use troops to enforce Federal law is clear. The President is sworn to "preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of teh United States" A Federal statute gives the President authority to use the armed forces, including the National Guard, whenever he "considers that unlawful obstructions, combinations, or' assemblages ( or rebellion against the authority of the' United States,' make it impracticable to enforce the laws of the United States in any state or territory' by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings. Another law gives him the same authority when violence or conspiracies.(1) "so hinders the execution of the laws of the United Sates within a state that any part or class of its people is deprived of a right, privilege, immunity, or protection named to the Constitution and secured by law, and the constituted authorities of that state are unable, fail, or refuse to protect that right, privilege, or immunity, or to give that protection or. (2) opposes or obstructs the exeution of the laws of the United States, or impedes the course of justice under those laws." Happenings in Little Bock which made' e necessary the use of troops to enforce Federal court orders were generated by Gov. Orval Faubus. He used the Arkansas National Guard to bar the admission of colored children to the high school under a plan of integration devised by the Little Rock School District' and approved by the Federal courts. Aside from preventing colored pupils from entering the school, Faubus creates disorder, incited meb violence, Increased racial tenfions throughout the South, and damaged American prestige abroad. If Faubus believed that the admission of nine colored pupils to Central High School would have caused violence, the proper use of the National Guard would have been to support the order of the Federal counts and not to attempt to override it. In his Thursday night speech, Flaubus said, in his meeting with President Eisenhower at Newport, R. I, "my plea, was for time." But he did nothing until Judge Ronald Davies on September 20, enjoined him from, using the, guardsmen to bar the colored children from the high school. Then it was he removed the National Guard. Ones it became apparent to President Eisenhower that local police and state troopers were; unable to control the forces of mob violence and race hatred, he acted quickly to set the stage for the calling out of Federal troops. In connection with the Little Rock- situation, it must be forgotten that Faubus was not the only, officeholder who fanned the flames of rebellion, Foremost in the ranks of the rebels have been united States Senators Harry F. Bvrd of Virginia, James O. Eastland' of. Mississippi, Sam J. Ervin of North Carolina, Olin D. Johnston and Strom' Thurmond of South Carolina, and Richard B. Russell and Herman E. Talmadge; Governors Marvin. Griff in of Georgia, Earl K. Long of Louisiana, James P. Coleman of Mississippi, George B. Timmerman of South. Carolina, and Thomas B. Stanley of Virginia, and such lesser lights as Representatives James C. Davis, ex-Ku Klux Klansman, of Georgia, and John: Bell Williams of Mississippi. These are the men who have assaulted the Supreme Court because it held racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional; who have preached interposition and nullification and led dumb white folks to believe that a Supreme. Court decision is no more "than a scrap of paper. Questions of supremacy of Federal law over state law, the right of a state to secede from the Union, and the right of a state to impede or prevent the operation or, enforcement of a federal law within its borders were all decide when General Robert E. Lee sur rendered unconditionally to Gen eral Ulysses S. Grant at Appomat tax Court House, Va., April 9, 1865. If southern demagogues need any reminder of this when they talk about state sovereignty, President gave it to them when he author ized and directed the Defense Secretary "to take all appropriate steps to enforce any orders of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas for the removal of obstruction of justice in the State of Arkansas with respect to matters relating to enrollment and attendance at public schools in the Little Rook School District. PLEADED FOR TIME The action of President Eisenhower in sending Federal Troops to Little Rock and federalizing the Arkansas National Guard to enforce Federal court orders should have widespread repercussions throughout the South. Secretary of Defense Charles E. Wilson and! Army Secretary. Wilbur M. Brucker acted speedily to carry out Mr. Eisenhower's orders, and within a few hours units of the 101st Airborne Division had landed at the Little Bock Airport Base. Major General Edwin A. Walker, who was put in command of the paratroopers and the federalized Arkansas National Guard, carried out his mission, and the six colored girls and three boys were back in Central High School, from which they had been removed, after three hours, before the troops came because local police and state troopers were unable to cope with mobviolence. Southern governors may scream to high heaven — but the authority of the President to use troops to enforce Federal law is clear. The President is sworn to "preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of teh United States" A Federal statute gives the President authority to use the armed forces, including the National Guard, whenever he "considers that unlawful obstructions, combinations, or' assemblages ( or rebellion against the authority of the' United States,' make it impracticable to enforce the laws of the United States in any state or territory' by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings. Another law gives him the same authority when violence or conspiracies.(1) "so hinders the execution of the laws of the United Sates within a state that any part or class of its people is deprived of a right, privilege, immunity, or protection named to the Constitution and secured by law, and the constituted authorities of that state are unable, fail, or refuse to protect that right, privilege, or immunity, or to give that protection or. (2) opposes or obstructs the exeution of the laws of the United States, or impedes the course of justice under those laws." Happenings in Little Bock which made' e necessary the use of troops to enforce Federal court orders were generated by Gov. Orval Faubus. He used the Arkansas National Guard to bar the admission of colored children to the high school under a plan of integration devised by the Little Rock School District' and approved by the Federal courts. Aside from preventing colored pupils from entering the school, Faubus creates disorder, incited meb violence, Increased racial tenfions throughout the South, and damaged American prestige abroad. If Faubus believed that the admission of nine colored pupils to Central High School would have caused violence, the proper use of the National Guard would have been to support the order of the Federal counts and not to attempt to override it. In his Thursday night speech, Flaubus said, in his meeting with President Eisenhower at Newport, R. I, "my plea, was for time." But he did nothing until Judge Ronald Davies on September 20, enjoined him from, using the, guardsmen to bar the colored children from the high school. Then it was he removed the National Guard. Ones it became apparent to President Eisenhower that local police and state troopers were; unable to control the forces of mob violence and race hatred, he acted quickly to set the stage for the calling out of Federal troops. In connection with the Little Rock- situation, it must be forgotten that Faubus was not the only, officeholder who fanned the flames of rebellion, Foremost in the ranks of the rebels have been united States Senators Harry F. Bvrd of Virginia, James O. Eastland' of. Mississippi, Sam J. Ervin of North Carolina, Olin D. Johnston and Strom' Thurmond of South Carolina, and Richard B. Russell and Herman E. Talmadge; Governors Marvin. Griff in of Georgia, Earl K. Long of Louisiana, James P. Coleman of Mississippi, George B. Timmerman of South. Carolina, and Thomas B. Stanley of Virginia, and such lesser lights as Representatives James C. Davis, ex-Ku Klux Klansman, of Georgia, and John: Bell Williams of Mississippi. These are the men who have assaulted the Supreme Court because it held racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional; who have preached interposition and nullification and led dumb white folks to believe that a Supreme. Court decision is no more "than a scrap of paper. Questions of supremacy of Federal law over state law, the right of a state to secede from the Union, and the right of a state to impede or prevent the operation or, enforcement of a federal law within its borders were all decide when General Robert E. Lee sur rendered unconditionally to Gen eral Ulysses S. Grant at Appomat tax Court House, Va., April 9, 1865. If southern demagogues need any reminder of this when they talk about state sovereignty, President gave it to them when he author ized and directed the Defense Secretary "to take all appropriate steps to enforce any orders of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas for the removal of obstruction of justice in the State of Arkansas with respect to matters relating to enrollment and attendance at public schools in the Little Rook School District. Enforcing Usury Laws Requires Cooperation Recently several local persons were indicted arid charged with Usury, which is defined as the imposition of legally excessive interest charges for the use of money. The victim of the alleged unlawful act, in this case as in most of this type, was a Negro.. In Tennessee the maximum interest allowable legally is fixed by statute at six percent per annum. Charges of interest in excess of this rate are violative of the Tennessee laws and may be remedied by appropriate and timely civil action. In addition, a criminal statute exists on the same subject. Although the Criminal provision is not new its enforcement has been rare. Why? Most of us believe that the offenders are not limited to accused in this case; most of usdetest the practiced Yet, the fault may not rest, upon the enforcement officials. We cannot assume that they are familiar with many cases of this type, espicially, since most lending and borrowing is done privately. The lack of enforcement, in all probability, may be traced to failure to the victims to report the facts- failure to file formal complaint. The effect of Criminal action as a deterrent is clear but success can only come if cooperation is received from the victims Prompt action resulting in widespread prosecution can hasten the time when many hard earned dollars will not have to be used to pay unlawful interest charges. lke Pays Tribute To But in this age of mass communica tion "when falsehood and pretensecan be so widely disseminated it is more important than ever to honor those who seek the truth and make it forcefully known. "It is a, privilege to salute the reporters, the editors and all who serve the national cemmunity through the medium of the press. Dwight D. Eisenhower." YOU CAN DIE LAUGHING By A.A. FAIR (ERLE STANLY GARDNER) © 1987 by Erie Stanley Card. Reprinted by arrangement with William Morrow & Co. Distributed by King Syndicate I WENT OVER to where I'd left the agency heap and drove down to the sheriff's' office, A deputy who was friendly to me put the call through to Texas and I traced the license number on Corning's car. It was his car all right. He lived in San Antonio. The deputy called the sheriff in San Antonio. He knew Corning, Corning was a fast trader. He had made a fortune out of getting options on oil property. He was considered a ruthless fighter, a bad man to cross, and had the reputation of being Just about as slick as they come. I drove out to San Bernardino. They couldn't give me much information at the newspaper office. They had received a clipping from a San Antonio paper stating that Aaron Bedford had died, that his will had been offered for probate by his widow, that all of the property in Texas was given to the widow, that there was a fifteen-thousand-dollar bequest and a section of land in San Bernardino County that was left to his niece, Yvonne Clymer. A little scouting around had disclosed that Yvonne Clymer had lived in Burbank but was now Mrs. Drury Wells. The girl had phoned a friend they were going to Banning to live. The editor thought it would make a good local-interest story. He'd telephoned a Banning correspondentto look into it The Banning correspondent had reported that Mrs. Wells was easy on the eyes. So they'd decided to send out a photographer and make a short feature with plenty of cheesecake. I got the name of the correspondent in Banning and drove out there. It was getting dark by the time I pulled in. I hunted the guy up and bought him a drink. He remembered the case very well. He'd gone to Wells and had been the first to give him the news. Mrs. Wells had been on a trip visiting relatives but was about due home. Wells said he'd phone her and get her back. He took the correspondent's number and said he'd telephone as soon as she got back home. The next morning he'd telephoned and— "The next morning?" I asked. "That's right, the next morning. "Not that night?" "She was somewhere In Sacramento. She flew right back," he explained. I see. So he telephoned you and you went out there?" I "That's right." I "And then what happened?" "As soon as I saw this babe, I know she'd make swell copy So I telephoned the desk in San Bernardino to see how far they wanted me to go. The editor said it'd be good for a feature, and he was sending out a reporter and photographer. Me said the art would make the story— cheesecake." "Did you feel sore he sent out another man?" "No. It showed the editor thought I'd, dug up a good story. This is a sideline with me. I do some free lancing. I'm working for a steady job." "Do you know anything about the property?" "Hell, no, I couldn't build up any reader-enthusiasm over a section of land out in the desert, but I knew I could sure get reader-enthusiasm over the equipment this Mrs. Wells had." "Can you give me the address of the place they were living?" "It's in that article," he said. "You have a copy of that, haven't you?" That's right." "It's a rented house," he said. "They hadn't been there very long. I didn't find out too much about Wells. I Imagine he's a drifter and just between you and me. Lam, I wouldn't be surprised if there was something phony about the wedding ceremony." "What makes you say that?" "Oh, just the way you get impressions when you interview people. A certain atmosphere of domesticity was lacking, and this babe — Hell, I don't know. I just got an impression. You know how those things go. "All I was after was the story of the local housewife who had inherited fifteen thousand smack eroos and a section of land from a rich Texas relative. It would have been an average story if she'd been homely and had -toilworn hands, and unpaid bills. When I saw Mrs. Wells, 1 knew the babe's legs would make it a swell story. They made it okay." "You didn't talk with any of the neighbors, or anything?' "No. I got the facts and lined up the story. The leg photos were what made it Interesting. Now tell me, what is all the shooting about?" I said, "Pm interested in trying to find Mrs. Wells. "Why?" "There are some documents that should be signed." "The Wellses are in Los Angeles some place," he said. "What's, the angle on the documents? Anything that would make me a story?" "Somebody wants to make an offer on the property." "Why?" I shrugged my shoulders. "Now, look;" let me Know if any le goes through or if you find out anything more, We always like to get a followup on these local stories. That country up around Yucca is hotter than a stove lid right now. It seems like half of Los Angeles is moving up there." "Okay," I told him. 'Ill let you know if we get anything of great interest. Thanks for the, buggy ride." "Somebody must be awfully damned anxious to buy that property," he said thoughtfully. "I don't think so," I told him. "Somebody might be awfully anxious to steal it, but I don't think anybody wants to pay very' much of a price for it. "Anyhow, you're trying to find her?" "That's right;" "That might make a story." "Not now, it wouldn't. It might later on." "If hold off publishing anything now, you'll give me anything that comes up later on?" "That's a deal," I told him, "provided there's any release to the press. I'll give you the inside track." "Okay," he told me. "That'll help. I spent Saturday night in a, motel in Banning. No one knew where I was. The mountain air was cold and dry and clear. The motel was back a block from the highway I went to sleep listening to the muted sound of traffic from the main highway—huge trucks roaring their way, up the pass from the Imperial Valley, and in the background the high-pitched whine of speeding automobiles. I woke to a crisp, clear Sunday morning, dressed, shaved, went to a restaurant, had amber coffee and cream, a thick slice of ham and a couple of eggs. I finished up with an extra order of toast and another cup of coffee, then got in the agency car, glided down the highway to the turn-off to Twentynine Palms and was soon climbing the winding grade which lifted me up above the pass onto a plateau well covered with weird Joshua trees, huge straggly shapes which thrust grotesque arms up into the deep, blue of the sky. I had been worried and tense the night before. Now I had a feeling of calm relaxation and the assurance that things would come out all right. The mountain air had done its work. CHAPTER 20 By A.A. FAIR (ERLE STANLY GARDNER) © 1987 by Erie Stanley Card. Reprinted by arrangement with William Morrow & Co. Distributed by King Syndicate I WENT OVER to where I'd left the agency heap and drove down to the sheriff's' office, A deputy who was friendly to me put the call through to Texas and I traced the license number on Corning's car. It was his car all right. He lived in San Antonio. The deputy called the sheriff in San Antonio. He knew Corning, Corning was a fast trader. He had made a fortune out of getting options on oil property. He was considered a ruthless fighter, a bad man to cross, and had the reputation of being Just about as slick as they come. I drove out to San Bernardino. They couldn't give me much information at the newspaper office. They had received a clipping from a San Antonio paper stating that Aaron Bedford had died, that his will had been offered for probate by his widow, that all of the property in Texas was given to the widow, that there was a fifteen-thousand-dollar bequest and a section of land in San Bernardino County that was left to his niece, Yvonne Clymer. A little scouting around had disclosed that Yvonne Clymer had lived in Burbank but was now Mrs. Drury Wells. The girl had phoned a friend they were going to Banning to live. The editor thought it would make a good local-interest story. He'd telephoned a Banning correspondentto look into it The Banning correspondent had reported that Mrs. Wells was easy on the eyes. So they'd decided to send out a photographer and make a short feature with plenty of cheesecake. I got the name of the correspondent in Banning and drove out there. It was getting dark by the time I pulled in. I hunted the guy up and bought him a drink. He remembered the case very well. He'd gone to Wells and had been the first to give him the news. Mrs. Wells had been on a trip visiting relatives but was about due home. Wells said he'd phone her and get her back. He took the correspondent's number and said he'd telephone as soon as she got back home. The next morning he'd telephoned and— "The next morning?" I asked. "That's right, the next morning. "Not that night?" "She was somewhere In Sacramento. She flew right back," he explained. I see. So he telephoned you and you went out there?" I "That's right." I "And then what happened?" "As soon as I saw this babe, I know she'd make swell copy So I telephoned the desk in San Bernardino to see how far they wanted me to go. The editor said it'd be good for a feature, and he was sending out a reporter and photographer. Me said the art would make the story— cheesecake." "Did you feel sore he sent out another man?" "No. It showed the editor thought I'd, dug up a good story. This is a sideline with me. I do some free lancing. I'm working for a steady job." "Do you know anything about the property?" "Hell, no, I couldn't build up any reader-enthusiasm over a section of land out in the desert, but I knew I could sure get reader-enthusiasm over the equipment this Mrs. Wells had." "Can you give me the address of the place they were living?" "It's in that article," he said. "You have a copy of that, haven't you?" That's right." "It's a rented house," he said. "They hadn't been there very long. I didn't find out too much about Wells. I Imagine he's a drifter and just between you and me. Lam, I wouldn't be surprised if there was something phony about the wedding ceremony." "What makes you say that?" "Oh, just the way you get impressions when you interview people. A certain atmosphere of domesticity was lacking, and this babe — Hell, I don't know. I just got an impression. You know how those things go. "All I was after was the story of the local housewife who had inherited fifteen thousand smack eroos and a section of land from a rich Texas relative. It would have been an average story if she'd been homely and had -toilworn hands, and unpaid bills. When I saw Mrs. Wells, 1 knew the babe's legs would make it a swell story. They made it okay." "You didn't talk with any of the neighbors, or anything?' "No. I got the facts and lined up the story. The leg photos were what made it Interesting. Now tell me, what is all the shooting about?" I said, "Pm interested in trying to find Mrs. Wells. "Why?" "There are some documents that should be signed." "The Wellses are in Los Angeles some place," he said. "What's, the angle on the documents? Anything that would make me a story?" "Somebody wants to make an offer on the property." "Why?" I shrugged my shoulders. "Now, look;" let me Know if any le goes through or if you find out anything more, We always like to get a followup on these local stories. That country up around Yucca is hotter than a stove lid right now. It seems like half of Los Angeles is moving up there." "Okay," I told him. 'Ill let you know if we get anything of great interest. Thanks for the, buggy ride." "Somebody must be awfully damned anxious to buy that property," he said thoughtfully. "I don't think so," I told him. "Somebody might be awfully anxious to steal it, but I don't think anybody wants to pay very' much of a price for it. "Anyhow, you're trying to find her?" "That's right;" "That might make a story." "Not now, it wouldn't. It might later on." "If hold off publishing anything now, you'll give me anything that comes up later on?" "That's a deal," I told him, "provided there's any release to the press. I'll give you the inside track." "Okay," he told me. "That'll help. I spent Saturday night in a, motel in Banning. No one knew where I was. The mountain air was cold and dry and clear. The motel was back a block from the highway I went to sleep listening to the muted sound of traffic from the main highway—huge trucks roaring their way, up the pass from the Imperial Valley, and in the background the high-pitched whine of speeding automobiles. I woke to a crisp, clear Sunday morning, dressed, shaved, went to a restaurant, had amber coffee and cream, a thick slice of ham and a couple of eggs. I finished up with an extra order of toast and another cup of coffee, then got in the agency car, glided down the highway to the turn-off to Twentynine Palms and was soon climbing the winding grade which lifted me up above the pass onto a plateau well covered with weird Joshua trees, huge straggly shapes which thrust grotesque arms up into the deep, blue of the sky. I had been worried and tense the night before. Now I had a feeling of calm relaxation and the assurance that things would come out all right. The mountain air had done its work. The Word of God For I am how ready to be offered, and the time of my departure is at hand. 11 Timothy 4-6, Maria Holley