Memphis World Memphis World Publishing Co. 1953-04-07 James H. Purdy, Jr. MEMPHIS WORLD AMERICA'S STANDARD RACE JOURNAL The South's Oldest and Leading Colored Semi-Weekly Newspaper Published by MEMPHIS WORLD PUBLISHING CO. Every TUESDAY and FRIDAY at 164 BEALE—Phone 8-4030 Entered in the Post Office at Memphis, Tenn., as second-class mail under the Act of Congress, March 1, 1870 Member of SCOTT NEWSPAPER SYNDICATE W. A. Scott, II, Founder; C. A. Scott General Manager JAMES H. PURDY, JR. Editor Mrs. ROSA BROWN BRACEY Advertising Manager The MEMPHIS WORLD is an independent newspaper—non sectarian and non-partisan, printing news unbiasedly and supporting those things it believes to be of interest to its readers and opposing those things against the interest of its readers. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Year $5.00—6 Months $3.00—3 Months $1.50 (In Advance) Crime Doesn't Pay Shoplifting is the oldest of problems to merchants. It became more acute with the spread of the self-service system of selling goods on what amounts to an honor basis. The vast majority of customers are honest, but the crooked few must always be combatted. In late years merchants have intensified their efforts in this regard—with marked success. The American Stores of Philadelphia recently listed some twoscore tricks of the light-fingered artists, but said it had no intention of disclosing to the looters measures employed by thte police and stores to curb this lawless activity. Teen-agers, women and men use all sorts of devices and stratagems tot hide their loot—hats, handbags, double sacks, inside pockets, large sleeves, heavy socks with elastic tops, hollowedbooks, musical instrument cases, umbrellas, bandaged arms, rolls of toilet paper, baby carriages, waist bands of trousers, rubberized panel inserts for sweaters, flowing coats, materity gowns, and many others. Teen-agers often work in groups. In spite of all this ingenunity, the shoplifter is almost invariably caught, sooner or, later. Thievery is relative—some thieves steal merchandise, others steal nations. But crooks finally wind up in deep trouble—as witness history. "Operation Economy" A short time ago Chairman Tabor of the House Appropriations Committee announced the start of an intensive budget-cutting study. It has been given the name "Operation Economy", and will be conducted by business and management experts. Mr. Tabor says that its purpose is to squeeze every drop of water out of the next budget. The idea is to put business principles into the fiscal affairs of government. That is one of the best pieces of news we harassed taxpayers have heard in many moons. BETWEEN THE LINES Herbert Hoover, who succeeded admirably as a war-time administrator and who failed miserably as a President, was the first to use the term, "rugged individualism." In the use of the term he had in mind what Adam Smith, Scottish professor of political economy, had called "laissez faire." The laissezfaire doctrine is one of the cardinal principles of economics and means that the economic life of a nation should be left alone by the state with few or no controls. The founders of this nation were under the spell of Adam Smith; and therefore, committed to his doctrine. Our American way of life presupposes so far as possible the exclusions of controls. Because of the gigantic strides we have made as a nation under the laissez faire concept, we are predisopsed to disparage controls. Yet in the case of war, controls must be employed because of the emergency nature of war. This writer has argued for 40 years that life in the modern world is a succession of emergencies, and as such controls are ever necessary. It has come about that we have in this country and throughout the world a school of economic thought committed to controls, just as the Adam Smith School of thought is committed to the laissez faire doctrine. There is something right and wrong with both schools of thought in their extreme, or middle positions. Russia has carried the control doctrine to its extreme degree, while in the United States we have the laissez faire in a high degree. It were sheer folly to evaluate either the laisse faire or control on too general principles. We cannot afford to oppose controls just because Russia believes in to much control, just as the Russians can not afford to oppose individual liberty because we favor it in this country. Russia is giving the world its most glaring example of the possibilities and impossibilities of a controls state: while the United States is giving the world its most striking example of individual liberty or rugged individualsm or lassez faire. Which the world will ultimately choose is not a matter of who wins what wars; but which meets the demands of mankind for security. This article was inspired by the fact that the Republican administration made haste to decontrol our economy because republicanism is committed to laissez faire and the Democratic administration under the matchless leadership of the great Franklin D. Roosevelt and the inimitable Harry Truman was committed to more and more controls. Inasmuch as life in these United States will more and more be a succession of emergencies more and more control will be necessary if we are to beat back the greatest emergency of all Russia bidding for World wide domination. Russia's aggressiveness has hurtled us into a great emergency and because of this we must have adequate controls. Moreover Russia with a controlled economy is at a great advantage in its plans and programs. We have won two wars against agressors but only becuase we had other comrade nations to do our fighting while we prepared. Had it not been for England and France and Russia the course of history might have been turned against us under the stress of mighty events. Russia's recovery from a devastating war and its quick challenge to what we call the free world, has for us some portentous implications. A nation with a 150,000,000 plans cannot keep step with a nation of one plan. Our presupposition is that whereas Russia is bound together with ties of force we are bound with spiritual ties. This is a proven fallacy because competition instead of uniting us drives us apart. The bitter clash of capital and labor proves the point. The racial conflict proves the point also. Laissez faire sounds good and looks good in written theory, but it simply will not work when we are facing such a resourceful and regimented foe as Russia, Survival is not a matter of what we like or want or prefer; but it is a matter of what we must do to be saved. Barbara Ward, writing from London to New York Times Magazine section, of March 5, has put her hand on the problem when she says "The greatest single error the West can make is to underestimate the urgency of joint economic plans to meet the implacable expansion of Soviet strength." Laissez faire presupposes an inner spiritual strength we do not at present have. Until such strength is found we need more and more controls to curb our innate selfishness. THE CASE FOR CONTROLS Herbert Hoover, who succeeded admirably as a war-time administrator and who failed miserably as a President, was the first to use the term, "rugged individualism." In the use of the term he had in mind what Adam Smith, Scottish professor of political economy, had called "laissez faire." The laissezfaire doctrine is one of the cardinal principles of economics and means that the economic life of a nation should be left alone by the state with few or no controls. The founders of this nation were under the spell of Adam Smith; and therefore, committed to his doctrine. Our American way of life presupposes so far as possible the exclusions of controls. Because of the gigantic strides we have made as a nation under the laissez faire concept, we are predisopsed to disparage controls. Yet in the case of war, controls must be employed because of the emergency nature of war. This writer has argued for 40 years that life in the modern world is a succession of emergencies, and as such controls are ever necessary. It has come about that we have in this country and throughout the world a school of economic thought committed to controls, just as the Adam Smith School of thought is committed to the laissez faire doctrine. There is something right and wrong with both schools of thought in their extreme, or middle positions. Russia has carried the control doctrine to its extreme degree, while in the United States we have the laissez faire in a high degree. It were sheer folly to evaluate either the laisse faire or control on too general principles. We cannot afford to oppose controls just because Russia believes in to much control, just as the Russians can not afford to oppose individual liberty because we favor it in this country. Russia is giving the world its most glaring example of the possibilities and impossibilities of a controls state: while the United States is giving the world its most striking example of individual liberty or rugged individualsm or lassez faire. Which the world will ultimately choose is not a matter of who wins what wars; but which meets the demands of mankind for security. This article was inspired by the fact that the Republican administration made haste to decontrol our economy because republicanism is committed to laissez faire and the Democratic administration under the matchless leadership of the great Franklin D. Roosevelt and the inimitable Harry Truman was committed to more and more controls. Inasmuch as life in these United States will more and more be a succession of emergencies more and more control will be necessary if we are to beat back the greatest emergency of all Russia bidding for World wide domination. Russia's aggressiveness has hurtled us into a great emergency and because of this we must have adequate controls. Moreover Russia with a controlled economy is at a great advantage in its plans and programs. We have won two wars against agressors but only becuase we had other comrade nations to do our fighting while we prepared. Had it not been for England and France and Russia the course of history might have been turned against us under the stress of mighty events. Russia's recovery from a devastating war and its quick challenge to what we call the free world, has for us some portentous implications. A nation with a 150,000,000 plans cannot keep step with a nation of one plan. Our presupposition is that whereas Russia is bound together with ties of force we are bound with spiritual ties. This is a proven fallacy because competition instead of uniting us drives us apart. The bitter clash of capital and labor proves the point. The racial conflict proves the point also. Laissez faire sounds good and looks good in written theory, but it simply will not work when we are facing such a resourceful and regimented foe as Russia, Survival is not a matter of what we like or want or prefer; but it is a matter of what we must do to be saved. Barbara Ward, writing from London to New York Times Magazine section, of March 5, has put her hand on the problem when she says "The greatest single error the West can make is to underestimate the urgency of joint economic plans to meet the implacable expansion of Soviet strength." Laissez faire presupposes an inner spiritual strength we do not at present have. Until such strength is found we need more and more controls to curb our innate selfishness. Negro Business Conference To Be Held In DC The Eighth Conference on the Negro in Business, sponsored by the U. S. Department of Commerce, will be held in the Commerce auditorium, Washington, D. C. April 16-17-18 1953. Conference program participants will include ranking government officials, educators, business leaders and business students from all sections of the United States. The Public Mass Meeting will be held Thursday evening, April 16, at 8:30 p. m. and will be addressed by Hon, Waller Williams, Under Secretary, U. S. Department of Commerce; and Dr. J. E. Walker, president, Tri-State Bank, chairman of Board of Directors, Universial, Life Insurance Company, and Co-developer of the J. E. Walker Housing project of Memphis, Tennessee. The business sessions and discussion subjects consist of the following: Careers in Business and Industry for Negro Youth, Thursday, April 16, 10:00 a. m.; Sources of Business Loans and Finance, Thursday, April 16, 2:30 p. m. Human Relations, in Business Friday, April 17, 10:00 a. m. Sales Promotion, Advertising and Negro Market Research, Friday, April 17, 2:30 p. m. EISENHOWER INTERESTED IN EQUALITY OF NEGROES Dr. N. B. Allen, executive secretary of the Frontiers Club of America, stated last week that President Eisenhower is "very much in sympathy with doing something now" about equality for Negroes and other minority groups. REVIEWING THE NEWS By WILLIAM GORDON Managing Editor, Atlanta Daily World, On Leave One of the most vital contributions that can be made in the interest of race relations in this country is left to mass communications. Newspapers, magazines, radio, the movies and other channels of public information can perhaps accomplish more in a week than organizations and groups can achieve in a year. Newspapers can do it through heir daily columns by giving recognition to achievements made by Negroes and other minorities. They can play up more of the accomplishments and play down crime. Pictures should be run without regard to race or national origin. Newspapers can also do a lot by allowing Negroes to maintain their own self-respect. They should refer to them in headlines and columns in the same manner they refer to other Americans. There should be no distinction regarding titles of women, married or single and the same should be applied to men. Magazines do a better job than newspapers, but they too, can improve a lot. This business of presenting the Negro in a comic fashion incites ill feeling and tends to label him with a badge of inferiority, it's insulting to the race to be singled out in newspapers and magazines in the manner one would refer to cattle or property. The above might sound more like generalizations, but one ha only to look at his morning or evening newspaper to get the answer. He can get the same thing when he turns on his radio. The Negro is getting sick of the way Hollywood ploys him up in the movies. It's about time that the people who make our movies learn that Negroes occupy almost every segment of American life and that there are others among us who are not comics and buffoons. There should be nothing against being a comedian when it is well understood that Negroes also occupy other roles in society. This being true, they should be allowed to present themselves in newspapers, over the radio and on the screen in the same fashion as other Americans do. Those newspapers, broadcasting firms and movie production concerns which fail to realize this, are doing us far more harm than good. Their interest in race relations is meager and they are not in a true sense, being real Americans themselves. Newspapers And Race Relations By WILLIAM GORDON Managing Editor, Atlanta Daily World, On Leave One of the most vital contributions that can be made in the interest of race relations in this country is left to mass communications. Newspapers, magazines, radio, the movies and other channels of public information can perhaps accomplish more in a week than organizations and groups can achieve in a year. Newspapers can do it through heir daily columns by giving recognition to achievements made by Negroes and other minorities. They can play up more of the accomplishments and play down crime. Pictures should be run without regard to race or national origin. Newspapers can also do a lot by allowing Negroes to maintain their own self-respect. They should refer to them in headlines and columns in the same manner they refer to other Americans. There should be no distinction regarding titles of women, married or single and the same should be applied to men. Magazines do a better job than newspapers, but they too, can improve a lot. This business of presenting the Negro in a comic fashion incites ill feeling and tends to label him with a badge of inferiority, it's insulting to the race to be singled out in newspapers and magazines in the manner one would refer to cattle or property. The above might sound more like generalizations, but one ha only to look at his morning or evening newspaper to get the answer. He can get the same thing when he turns on his radio. The Negro is getting sick of the way Hollywood ploys him up in the movies. It's about time that the people who make our movies learn that Negroes occupy almost every segment of American life and that there are others among us who are not comics and buffoons. There should be nothing against being a comedian when it is well understood that Negroes also occupy other roles in society. This being true, they should be allowed to present themselves in newspapers, over the radio and on the screen in the same fashion as other Americans do. Those newspapers, broadcasting firms and movie production concerns which fail to realize this, are doing us far more harm than good. Their interest in race relations is meager and they are not in a true sense, being real Americans themselves. In The Nation's Capital The position of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People on compulsory union membership is untenable. No organization engaged in fighting discrimination can consistently defend any form of discrimination. The closed shop discriminates against nonunion workers. Clarence Mitchell, head of the Washington Bureau of the NAACP, testified before the House Education and Labor Committee that the association at one of its annual conferences had endorsed the closed shop. This was not the first time the NAACP has supported compulsory union membership. It previously endorsed the union shop and dues check-off in the railway industry. Labor leaders want the TaftHartly Act amended so as to permit unions to negotiate closed shop agreements. Under such an agreement, a worker must be a member of a union before he can get a job. The Taft-Hartley Act bans the closed shop. But an employer is permitted to make agreements requiring membership in a union as a condition of employment applicable to employees in a given bargaining unit thirty days after an employee is hired, provided the agreement was first authorized by an election conducted by the National Labor Relations Board, in which a majority of the employees in the unit voted for such an agreement. Under such an agreement a worker is fired if he falls to join the union within thirty days after he is hired unless (1) he has not permitted to join on equal terms with other members, (2) his union membership was terminated for reasons other than nonpayment of dues, or (3) membership was denied or terminated because of activity in behalf of another union at a time when collective bargaining representation might appropriately be raised. From the standpoint of the colored worker, the closed shop compels him to join a union even if the union only offers him secondclass membership, puts him in a Jim Crow union, and otherwise dis criminates against him. Besides, there is a number of unions which bar colored workers from membership, including the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders and Helpers, and the United Association of Journeymen, Plumbers and Steamfitters. Where such unions have closed shop agreements, a colored boilermaker, electrician or plumber cannot get a job, no matter how skilled he may be. In the maritime industry and to a large extent in the construction industry union hiring halls provide the only method of securing employment. This permits unions holding such monopolies over jobs to exact excessive fees, and in the construction industry to practice racial discrimination in hiring skilled and semi-skilled workers even on Federal jobs, such as the atomic energy plants at Aiken, South Carolina, and Paducah, Kentucky. Union leaders have used the closed shop device as a means of depriving workers of their jobs, and in some cases of a means of earning a livelihood at their trade or calling, for purely freakish reasons. Abuses of compulsory union membership have become so numerous that sixteen states have passed laws regulating or forbidding compulsory unionism. The Virginia Right to Work Statute, recently upheld by the United States Supreme Court, is an example. The Virginia Right to Work Statute declares it to be the public policy of Virginia that "the right of persons to work shall not be denied or abridged on account of membership or non-membership in any labor union or labor organization." It also declares any closed shop or union shop agreement "to be against public policy and an allegal combination or conspiracy. Instead of amending the TaftHartley Act so as to permit closed shop agreements to be made, it appears that it would be better for Congress to amen the law so as to prohibit compulsory union membership in any form. The Veterans Corner Despite problems encountered, medical programs of the Veterans' Administration continued during the fiscal year 1952 to operate on the highest qualitative level attainable, according to the annual report of the activities of the VA submitted to Congress. The country's most outstanding medical practitioners and teachers continued to aid in the care of VA patients and in improvement of the skills of VA medical staffs. The relationship between VA hospital and the centers of medical education and research was strengthened, VA hospitals were continuously alerted to the latest approved techniques and therapies of contemporary medical science. Many VA hospitals themselves played an active part in new discoveries and developments for the treatment of illness and disability, to the benefit not only of veterans but of the public generally. Where epidemics of polio and flood disasters ravaged a community, as in Shreveport, Louisiana; Houston, Texas; Fargo, North Dakota, and Clinton, Iowa VA hospitals readily undertook the errors of providing necessary assistance. Eight new VA hospitals were opened during the fiscal year 1952 and five existing hospitals were closed bringing to 154 the number of VA hospitals in operation. The number of operating beds in VA hospitals (beds actually available for use) increased from 108,231 beds at the beginning to 110,243 beds at the end of the fiscal year. For fiscal year 1952 fewer VA patients were admitted to VA and non-VA hospitals than for fiscal year 1951 and fewer were discharged (495,056 admissions and 490,163 discharges for 1952, compared to 509,720 admission and 511,895 discharges for 1951. The number of VA patients in VA and non-VA hospitals at the end of the fiscal year increased from 100,517 for 1951 to 103,774 for 1952. The average daily patient load increased from 104,391 to 105,110 patients. During fiscal year 1952, there were 955,590 applications for hospital care, compared to 892,115 applications received during the previous fiscal year. Applications for outpatient medical care declined from 383,349 to 247, 972. Applications for outpatient dental care increased from 598,674 new and repeat applications filed during the fiscal year 1951, to 616,630 new and repeat applications filed during fiscal year 1952. As of last June 15, 22,001 veteran eligible for hospital care were awaiting scheduling for hospital admission, compared to 20,354 a year earlier. Practically all these veterans were awaiting admission for treatment of non-service-connected disabilities. Veterans requiring hospital treat ment for service-connected disabilities rarely remain on waiting lists for more than the few days necessary to complete the procesing required to secure a suitable bed. Of the 10,886 psychotic veterans on the waiting list, 1,012 had been awaiting a bed for more than three months. Only 19 per cent of the total number of tuberculous veterans on the waiting list were patients in state, city, or county hospitals (not VA patients). The remaining 81 per cent-tuberculous veterans eligible for VA hospitalization if beds were available-were not in hospitals. For the most part, veteran-patients constitute a closed and aging population, characterized by a greater frequency of multiple disabilities and chronic-disorders less amenable to treatment, which require longer care, the VA reported. Notes From The U N The complexity of South African politics was revealed this week in a decision handed down by the South African Supreme court. The Courts' ruling invalidated racial segregation in the Union of South Africa unless "equal facilities" were offered to both Africans and Europeans. In short, the decision stipulated the heavy expenditure of funds on the part of municipalities, the national government, and other public bodies if the principle of racial segregation were sustained. The case originated in Capetown when George Lusu sat in a writing room reserved for Europeans and was arrested for refusing to leave the room. The Magistrates court and the Cape Providence Court of Appeals upheld Lusu's argument that when equal facilities were provided the Africans, they were legally within their rights to use the facilities were provided the Africans, they were legally within their rights to use the facilities reserved generally for Europeans. Chief Justice A. Van de Sandt Centlivres handed down the decision which declared that the Act of 1916 giving the Union's railways racial segregation powers did not intend that members of different races were to be treated with a substantial degree of partiality and ine quality. Attorneys for the Malan administration contended that the government had legal right to provide "inferior" facilities for Africans. Immediately following the public announcement of the important court decision on the principle of "equal facilities," Dr. Donges, Malan's minister of the interior, stated emphatically that if returned to power by the Union's electorate on April 15, the Malan Government will adopt readily the policy of appointing judges whose politics and legal opinions coincide with that of the Nationalist party. In recent weeks there have been several instances of physical violence on the part of Nationalist party hoodlums trying to break up meetings of the Opposition United party, particularly on the Rand and in the Afrikaner hinterland of Capetown. Meanwhile, the non-violence campaign of the African and Indian National Congresses has been in complete abeyance since the passage of the Criminal Law Amendment bill by the South African Parliament last month. However, Sisulu, secretary general of the African National congress, currently on ball pending an appeal against his conviction under the broadly-interpreted Suppression of Communism act, asserted this week that the movement of the National Congress would enter a new "mass phase" as soon as the April 15 elections were over. Aware of the fact that indiscreet persons may precipitate mob violence, much to the Happiness of the Malan forces, Sisulu revealed: "We are prepared not to fall into a trap. We have repeatedly told our people that our struggle is a peaceful one." The secretary-general again denied publicly that the mass movement of the African and Indian National Congresses had any connection whatsoever with Communism, as alleged by the Malan government. The February output of columbite, the important mineral need for jet propulsion engines, by the Amalgamated Tin Mines of Nigeria has been announced as being 54 tons. According to a reliable source, "the figure makes a rather disappointing comparison with 90 tons for January, but production in that month was well above the recent average, and the important point is that a big advance in out-put for the current year of this highly profitable mineral is assured." Word from Accra, the Gold Coast is that a Prepartory Commission for the Volta River project has been established for the specific purpose of examining in greater details "the chief problems to be overcome." The chairman of the new commission is Commander R. G. A. Jackson, who has worked on national development plans in Australia, Pakistan, and India. Commander Jackson has announced plans to set up his headquarters in Acorn where he will confer constantly with officials of the Gold Coast government, as well as with representatives of the alumnium companies directly involved in the project. Together the groups will draw up a master agreement, prepare a timetable for the project, and give estimates of the total cost involved. In Lusaka, Northern Rhodesia the White Paper on the proposed Central African Federation completely destroyed by fire. The chiefs then pledged themselves to demonstration and saw a copy of this week six Northern Rhodesian African Chiefs attended a public a non-cooperation campaign of the federation of Nyasaland, Northern Rhodesia, and Southen Rhodesia were imposed against the express wishes of the Africans in the territories. Mr. Nkumbula, president of the Northern Rhodesian African Congress, announced two days of prayer and stoppage of work as of April 1 as a public demonstration of opposition to the proposed federation. Instead of seeking to cooperate with the Africans in this important matter, the Northern Rhodesian government's officials are currently seeking to introduce a bill providing for imprisonment up to three years for those proposing violence at public assemblies. The power of the African Mine Workers' Union was demonstrated last October when it called a general strike to seek wage increases. In London the stock market "suddenly curved downward on the news that the native labor unions had rejected the companies' offer of higher wages and were taking a strike ballot." Also, many stockholders of shares of Rhodesian mines sought to "unload" them and stock brokers were compelled to "adopt the usual defensive action." CAPITAL SPOTLIGHT Even in New York City, the American Federation of Musicians, of which James C. Petrillo is the czar, operates on a policy of racial segregation. During hearings before the House Education and Labor Committee, Representative Adam C. Powell, Democrat, of New York, revealed that when "Pal Joey" returned from a good-will tour of Europe, six colored musicians were in the orchestra under the direction of Alexander Smallens. The musicians' local union would not let the six colored musicians play under Smallens' direction. Word got to Petrillo Petrillo picked up the phone in Chicago, called New York and ordered that the colored musicians be allowed to play. "Pal Joey" is due at the Shubert Theater here April 20 for a twoweek run. In Washington the musicians' union have a dividing line. On one side of the line colored musicians are barred from playing. Powell said the musicians' local here had decreed that the colored musicians were not to play at the Shubert, but Petrillo again picked up the phone and issued orders that they were not to be bothered. "Guys and Dolls," which also is coming to Washington, has had similar trouble, Powell said. Fashion note: Mrs. Mamie Eisenhower's Easter outfit was a two piece black taffeta with wool thread woven through it. It has a straight skirt with a panel in the back. The jacket is fitted, has rounded shoulders and flairs slightly at the hips. The suit has black bone buttons, full length sleeves and the collar has a high closing with rounded revers. The hat designed by Sally Victor has finely pleated white hairbraid worked in rows on an irregular pillbox. The pleated hairbraid forms a tiny brim. Small white flowers encircle the crown, following its wavey line. The Agriculture Department has had only two colored field agents to help southern rural people to help themselves in attaining more efficient farms, better homes, and higher standards of living. One of them, Tom Campbell, has retired. His office at Tuskegee Institute is to be closed and the plan is not to fill it. That leaves John Mitchell at Hampton Institute as the only colored field agent in the Extension Service of the Agriculture Department. Scratch the Civil Service Commission off the list of jobs speculators were assigning to colored Republicans. President Eienhower has set at rest all speculation over the CSC. He had already appointed Phillip Young, dean of the Graduate School of Business at Columbia University as a member of the CSC, designating him as chairman and inviting him to attend Cabinet meetings. The other day he accepted the resignation of James M. Mitchell as a member of the CSC, appointed him as Deputy Assistant Defense Secretary, and appointed George M. Moore of Kentucky as a member of the CSC to succeed Mitchell. The Young and Moore appointments disposed of the two GOP positions on the CSC. The other position, presently held by "Ma" Frances Perkins, goes to a Democrat. Overlooked during the week the Arab delegation and the Ethiopian Ambassador came to the White House was the visit of Judge Homer Brown of the Allegheny County Court, who came in with a committee from the United States National Commission for UNESCA (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). This group invited Mr. Eisenhower to deliver the opening address at its fourth national conference in Minneapolis next Sept. 15. Incidentally, the Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools for Negroes and the National Newspaper Publishers Association are twp of the sixty organizations represented on the U. S. National Commission for UNESCO. Bishop Frederick Douglass Jordan of the AME Church, a former Los Angeles pastor, was in town Last week to get aid in getting the Malan Government to admit him and Bishop Howard Thomas Primm into the Union of South Africa. They have State Department pass ports. President Eisenhower took time out from conferences before his golf game the other Saturday only to say howdy to members of the national board of directors of the Frontiers Club of America. Thosewho called included: Dr. Nimrod B Allen, executive secretary, Columbus (Ohio): Carroll H Sawyer, treasurer, Columbus; Richard B. Lynch, editor. The Frontiersman, Columbus; Raymond R Davis, midwestern organizer, Columbus; J. Arnett Mitchell, principal, Champion Avenue Junior High School, Columbus; Mrs. Mary Saunders, Columbus. Bernard Harris, Sr., president, Frontiers Club, Baltimore; P. L. Prattis, first vice president, Pittsburgh; Andrew G. Freeman, secrearfy, Dayton (Ohio); Thomas N. Reid, Portsmouth (Virginia); Henry C. Sparks, eastern orgainizer. Philadelphia; P. J. Chesson, southern organizer, Norfolk (Virginia); A. McDaniel, organizer and member of board, Memphis (Tennessee). C. M. Cain, chairman of board, Atlantic city, E. Deedom Alston, miniter, Louisville (Kentucky); Jerry O. Gilliam, Norfolk; Colonel West A. amilton, Washington William R. ammond, Chicago; Paul Henderson. Baltimore Wayne L. Hopkins, Philadelphia; Augustus Knox, Baltimore, and Representative John I. Vorys, Republican, of Ohio. THE MOVING FINGER BY MYRA J. BRYANT It was a shocking thing to read in the Birmingham News on Tuesday of the shooting of one boy by another over a dice game. Equally as shocking was another item describing the cutting about the face and hands of another Negro boy because of a fifty cent debt. These children and their parents are the victims of prejdice, discrimination and segregation. It is easy to say that something should be done about this defilement of the human personality of a minority group by the majority group in a community. But, who is going to do this "something" and when and how? More than 500 social scientists, basing their conclusions on their own professional experiences and on the research of other scientists stated that: 90 per cent believe that segregation has detrimental personality effects on the segregated; 38 per cent believe that segregation has harmful psychological effects on those who do the segregating. These scientists mention as detrimental effects on those who are segregated; frustration, feelings of inferiority, feelings of being unwanted, feelings of persecution, submissiveness, martyrdom, withdrawal tendencies, ambivalence about their selves aggressiveness, distortion in the sense of reality. Continuing, the study reveals that there are variations in the type of adjustment which a particular individual makes to minority status. These variations seem to be related to such factors as economic and social position of the family, stability of the family pattern, security of the child within the family setting, intensity of ingroup feeling and to at present unclear individual differences in basic personality structure, intelligence, aptitude and general abilities. Self-respect is essential to the dignity and integrity of every human being. Therefore minoritygroup parents have a responsibility and an obligation to their children over and beyond that of other parents. It is up to them to counteract the negative social forces that tend to rob their children of selfesteem. Normal young children in American culture have real questions concerning their racial identity and the value and status assigned to their group. At an early age, minority-group children are thrown into a fundamental conflict between their normal desire for slef-esteem and society's negative valuation of them. A child may have negative feelings about his own skin color or religion or national background. These children need an out for their feelings—they need to able to express their anxieties and hostilities and rebellion, and the home can provide a safe and undertanding place for giving vent to these feelings. There is no agency or program concerned primarily or directly with helping children of minor groups avoid the deterimental effects or prejudice, discrimination and segregation oh their personalities. This problem has been generally ignored. And so the answer to violence such as we mentioned in the beginning of this column is in the hands of the parents. If minority group parents are able to face and assume their responsibilities to their children to acquire "the mental, emotional and spiritual qualities essential to individual happiness and responsibile citizenship" by virtue of this fact they will also contribute substantially to the development of an America sta enough to assure protection for a children. 11 Howard U. Students In PBK Eleven Howard University students nine seniors and two juniors, will be inducted into Phi Beta Kappa Wednesday, following the formal presentation of the national honorary fraternity charter to the University, Otto McClarrin, director of Public Relations at Howard, announced today. The installation ceremonies will be held at Andrew Rankin Memorial Chapel on the Howard campus and Dr. Ralph J. Bunche, director of the Division of Trusteeship for the United Nations and a former member of the faculty at Howard, will deliver the commemoration address for the occasion Dr. Bunche is a member of Phi Beta Kappa having earned the distinction while a student at the University of California at Los Angeles. The students to be inducted into the Howard chapter, which will be known as Gamma of the District of Columbia, are seniors Tazewell Banks, Florence M. Cawthorne, Jeanne F. Craig, Norman B. Davis, Albion H. Forde Esmond McD. Mapp, John H. Powell, Robert J. Robinson, and Annette P. Williams, and juniors Raymond E. Contee, Jr. ad Lillian V. Tinsley. Seven of the eleven charter members of the honorary group are graduates of Washington (D. C.) high schools. The four women inductees, Misses Cawthorne, Craig, Tinsley, and Williams are from Dunbar as is Mr. Davis; while Mr. Banks and Mr. Contee attended high school at Cardozo. Unit Meets On 'Skegee Prexy A six-man committee of trustees of famed Tuskegee Institute met for the first time yesterday to choose a president of the institution to succeed Dr. Frederick Douglas Patterson who resigned recently. However, Basil O'Conor, board chairman, made it clear that no president had actually been chosen. O'Conor asserted that "specific names were discussed without the availability of persons being known. No conclusions were reached. This was a preliminary discussion."